Retraction notice to "Association between sarcoidosis and cardiovascular Outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis" [IJC Heart Vasculat. 41 (2022) 101073].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.

Association between sarcoidosis and cardiovascular Outcomes: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology associated with high morbidity and mortality. Its association with cardiovascular outcomes is under-documented.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with sarcoidosis compared with that of non-sarcoidosis.

Hypernatremia in the intensive care unit.

Purpose Of Review: Hypernatremia is a relatively frequent electrolyte disorder seen in critically ill patients. As many as 27% of patients in intensive care units (ICUs) develop hypernatremia of variable severity during an ICU stay. Debate among specialists often ensues as to whether to correct hypernatremia or not.

Inhibition of micrometastatic prostate cancer cell spread in animal models by 213Bilabeled multiple targeted alpha radioimmunoconjugates.

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic potential of 213Bilabeled multiple targeted alpha-radioimmunoconjugates for treating prostate cancer (CaP) micrometastases in mouse models.

Experimental Design: PC-3 CaP cells were implanted s.c.

Preparation and testing of bevacizumab radioimmunoconjugates with Bismuth-213 and Bismuth-205/Bismuth-206.

Bevacizumab, a humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody has shown promise in various clinical trials. We report the development and testing of Bi-213 (an alpha-emitting radionuclide) labeled bevacizumab for in vitro and in vivo studies using two different chelators viz cDTPA and CHX-A''. The developed labeling method showed high labeling yields of 93.

Bismuth-213 radioimmunotherapy with C595 anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody in an ovarian cancer ascites model.

Purpose: Control of ovarian cancer (OC) ascites remains a major objective in post-surgical treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of targeted alpha therapy (TAT) for the control of ascites in an OC ascites mouse model; the biodistribution of (213)Bi-C595 and its long term toxicity.

Methods: The expression of tumor-associated antigen mucin-1 (MUC-1) in OVCAR3 ascites cells in mice and OC cancer tissues in patients was detected by indirect immmunostaining.

The cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay as a biological dosimeter for targeted alpha therapy.

Ionizing radiation causes structural chromosomal aberrations, a proportion of which give rise to chromosome fragments without spindle attachment organelles. When a cell divides, some of these fragments are excluded from the main daughter nuclei and form small nuclei within the cytoplasm. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay allows these micronuclei (MN) to be counted, providing an in situ biological dosimeter.

Tumour anti-vascular alpha therapy: a mechanism for the regression of solid tumours in metastatic cancer.

Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is an emerging therapeutic modality, thought to be best suited to cancer micrometastases, leukaemia and lymphoma. TAT has not been indicated for solid tumours. However, several melanoma patients in a phase 1 clinical trial of systemic targeted alpha therapy for melanoma experienced marked regression of subcutaneous and internal tumours.

Pharmacokinetics and toxicity of (213)Bi-labeled PAI2 in preclinical targeted alpha therapy for cancer.

Objectives: The plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI2) when labelled with (213)Bi forms the (213)Bi-PAI2 alpha conjugate (AC). This AC has been shown to be efficacious in preclinical studies with breast, ovarian, prostate and pancreatic cancers. The objectives of this study were to investigate the pharmacokinetics and in vivo stability of (213)Bi-PAI2 in mice, its toxicity in mice and rabbits; and to determine whether a prior injection of a metal chelator (Ca-DTPA) or lysine can reduce toxicity by decreasing renal uptake.

Interim analysis of toxicity and response in phase 1 trial of systemic targeted alpha therapy for metastatic melanoma.

Purpose: The aim is to assess toxicity and response of systemic alpha therapy for metastatic melanoma.

Experimental Design: This is an open-labelled Phase 1 dose escalation study to establish the effective dose of the alpha-immunoconjugate (213)Bi-cDTPA-9.2.

Preclinical studies of bismuth-213 labeled plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI2) in a prostate cancer nude mouse xenograft model.

Objectives: The key objective of the study was to determine the single and multiple dose toxicity and efficacy of Bismuth-213 labeled PAI2 based targeted alpha therapy by selectively targeting uPA and uPAR in regressing prostate cancer in a nude mouse model. Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is an experimental therapeutic modality for cancer. Another objective was to compare the in vivo pharmacokinetics using two different chelators to form the radioisotope-protein construct.

Pre-clinical study of 213Bi labeled PAI2 for the control of micrometastatic pancreatic cancer.

Purpose: The urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) are expressed by pancreatic cancer cells and can be targeted by the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI2). We have labeled PAI2 with (213)Bi to form the alpha conjugate (AC), and have studied its in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo efficacy.

Methods And Materials: The expression of uPA/uPAR on pancreatic cell lines, human pancreatic cancer tissues, lymph node metastases, and mouse xenografts were detected by immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy, and flow cytometry.

Intralesional targeted alpha therapy for metastatic melanoma.

Unlabelled: This paper reports the development and application of intralesional targeted alpha therapy (TAT) for melanoma, being the first part of a program to establish a new systemic therapy.

Rationale: Labelling the benign targeting vector 9.2.

In vivo studies of pharmacokinetics and efficacy of Bismuth-213 labeled antimelanoma monoclonal antibody 9.2.27.

Objectives: Key objectives of the study were to determine the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of the alpha emitting Bismuth-213 labeled 9.2.27 alpha-immunoconjugate (AIC).

Cytotoxicity of PAI2, C595 and Herceptin vectors labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope Bismuth-213 for ovarian cancer cell monolayers and clusters.

The vectors PAI2, C595 and Herceptin target the membrane-bound uPA, MUC1 and HER2 antigens expressed by cancer cells, respectively. The expression of these receptors was tested in the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3; MUC-1 was strongly expressed (3+), uPA moderately expressed (2+), but HER2 was negative (-). The alpha-emitting radionuclide Bismuth-213 was chelated with these targeting vectors to form alpha conjugates (ACs), the cytotoxicity of which were tested with OVCAR-3 cells.

Targeted alpha therapy for cancer.

Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) offers the potential to inhibit the growth of micrometastases by selectively killing isolated and preangiogenic clusters of cancer cells. The practicality and efficacy of TAT is tested by in vitro and in vivo studies in melanoma, leukaemia, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers, and by a phase 1 trial of intralesional TAT for melanoma. The alpha-emitting radioisotope used is Bi-213, which is eluted from the Ac-225 generator and chelated to a cancer specific monoclonal antibody (mab) or protein (e.

Hip girth as a predictor of abdominal adiposity in postmenopausal women.

Objectives: Our primary objective was to determine whether hip girth could accurately predict abdominal fat and total body fat in postmenopausal women. A secondary objective was to investigate the relation between body mass index (BMI) and hip girth in postmenopausal women.

Methods: Body weight, height, girths, skinfolds, and whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometric scans were obtained in 75 postmenopausal women ages 45 to 76 y.

Cytotoxicity of human prostate cancer cell lines in vitro and induction of apoptosis using 213Bi-Herceptin alpha-conjugate.

HER-2 has been implicated in the oncogenesis of human prostate cancer (CaP) and is the target of a new treatment for metastatic breast cancer using the humanised monoclonal antibody (MAb) trastuzumab (Herceptin). In this study, a novel alpha-particle emitting [213Bi]Herceptin construct, which targets the HER-2 extracellular domain on CaP cells, was prepared and evaluated in vitro. We used immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry and Western blot analysis to examine the expression of HER-2 in a panel of established human CaP cell lines, used the MTS assay to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 213Bi-Herceptin on these cell lines and the TUNEL assay to document apoptosis.