Resourceful exploitation of sedimentary clay: Designing a dual-chambered borosilicate glass reactor system for the efficient treatment of malachite green and phenol through SCRT adsorption and 5%Fe@SRCT catalysis via CWPO, with evaluation of seed germination and fish survival.

This study presents an innovative double-walled borosilicate glass reactor system for the efficient treatment of liquid and gaseous wastewater. This reactor system allows precise temperature control, continuous pH monitoring, and controlled dosing of reagents to optimize reaction conditions. Detailed characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), BET (specific surface area) analysis, point of zero charge (PZC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the SCR, SCRT, and 5%Fe@SCRT materials.

Extraction, chemical modification and characterization of chitin and chitosan.

Chitin is the second most common polymer after cellulose in earth, existing in the shells of crustaceans like crab and shrimp. Chitosan is a natural amino-polysaccharide derived from chitin, known as one of the most abundant organic materials in nature, it has been widely used in several applications due to its natural origin and exceptional properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and chelating of metal ions. Chitin and chitosan are characterized by deacetylation degree, one of the most important chemical characteristics that can influence the performance of chitosan in many applications.