Proportion of Gleason Score ≥8 Prostate Cancer on Biopsy and Tumor Aggressiveness in Matched Cohorts of East Asian and Non-East Asian Men.

Background: Historically, Asia had a lower prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and mortality compared with Western countries, but the gap is narrowing. Paradoxically, Asians have been reported to present with more advanced disease though more favorable outcomes. Despite PCa becoming an emerging health priority in East Asia, our knowledge remains limited.

Correction: Gupta et al. Androgen Receptor Activation Induces Senescence in Thyroid Cancer Cells. 2023, , 2198.

In the original publication [...

Nanoparticle Carriers: A New Era of Precise CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing.

The revolutionary CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology holds immense potential for treating genetic diseases and tackling conditions like cancer. However, efficient delivery remains a significant challenge. This is where nanoparticles come into play, emerging as powerful allies in the realm of drug delivery.

Berberine Inhibits the Inflammatory Response Induced by Isolated from Atopic Eczema Patients via the TNF-α/Inflammation/RAGE Pathways.

Atopic eczema patients exhibit high levels of () skin colonization. can stimulate macrophages and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Berberine (BBR), an alkaloid, attenuates toxin production.

Efficiency of Oral Steroids and Steroidal Nasal Spray in Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Comparative Study.

Objective: To assess how well steroidal nasal sprays and oral steroids work for treating CRS.

Methods: Two hundred patients with CRS were included in a randomized controlled experiment. The patients were split into two groups: Group B received steroidal nasal sprays (fluticasone propionate 110 mcg/day in each nostril for 12 weeks) and Group A received oral steroids (prednisolone 30 mg/day for 14 days, followed by tapering over 7 days).

Cardiogenic shock in phaeochromocytoma multisystem crisis: a case report.

Background: Phaeochromocytoma multisystem crisis (PMC) is characterized by labile blood pressures (extremes of hypo- and/or hypertension) and multiorgan failure as a result of catecholamine excess. Initial stabilization requires pharmacological and/or mechanical circulatory support, followed by the institution of antihypertensives to correct the underlying pathophysiology.

Case Summary: A previously well 40-year-old male developed a sudden onset of breathlessness.

Perioperative management of phaeochromocytoma with stress cardiomyopathy and aberrant vascular drainage.

The following case discusses the surgical considerations for a patient presenting with cardiogenic shock secondary to a phaeochromocytoma crisis with stress cardiomyopathy. The patient underwent an interval laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Pneumoperitoneum insufflation was performed at lower pressures; manipulation of the adrenal tumour was minimised, and the adrenal vein was ligated early.

Navigating Post-Traumatic Osteoporosis: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions.

Post-traumatic osteoporosis (PTO) presents a significant challenge in clinical practice, characterized by demineralization and decreased skeletal integrity following severe traumatic injuries. This literature review manuscript addresses the knowledge gaps surrounding PTO, encompassing its epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and future directions. This review emphasizes the complexity of the etiology of PTO, highlighting the dysregulation of biomineralization processes, inflammatory cytokine involvement, hormonal imbalances, glucocorticoid effects, vitamin D deficiency, and disuse osteoporosis.

Artificial Intelligence and Healthcare: A Journey through History, Present Innovations, and Future Possibilities.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool in healthcare significantly impacting practices from diagnostics to treatment delivery and patient management. This article examines the progress of AI in healthcare, starting from the field's inception in the 1960s to present-day innovative applications in areas such as precision medicine, robotic surgery, and drug development. In addition, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the acceleration of the use of AI in technologies such as telemedicine and chatbots to enhance accessibility and improve medical education is also explored.

Long Non-Coding RNAs as Determinants of Thyroid Cancer Phenotypes: Investigating Differential Gene Expression Patterns and Novel Biomarker Discovery.

Thyroid Cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, with increasing incidence globally. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), a differentiated form of TC, accounts for approximately 90% of TC and occurs predominantly in women of childbearing age. Although responsive to current treatments, recurrence of PTC by middle age is common and is much more refractive to treatment.

Dysregulated Expression Patterns of Circular RNAs in Cancer: Uncovering Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable, enclosed, non-coding RNA molecules with dynamic regulatory propensity. Their biogenesis involves a back-splicing process, forming a highly stable and operational RNA molecule. Dysregulated circRNA expression can drive carcinogenic and tumorigenic transformation through the orchestration of epigenetic modifications via extensive RNA and protein-binding domains.

Sustained silencing peanut allergy by xanthopurpurin is associated with suppression of peripheral and bone marrow IgE-producing B cell.

Introduction: Peanut allergy is an immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy. L. (), a Chinese herbal medicine, protects against peanut-induced anaphylaxis by suppressing IgE production .

Association of extended core sampling with delayed intervention and pathologic outcomes for active surveillance patients A population-based analysis.

Introduction: Combined systematic plus targeted biopsy sampling improves detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa). Our objective was to evaluate whether extended core sampling at initial biopsy in active surveillance (AS) patients is associated with subsequent AS discontinuation and pathologic outcomes.

Methods: National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) low- and favorable-intermediate-risk (FIR) AS patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Prostate with Watchful Waiting database.

Intraductal Prostate Cancer Affinity for Lymphatic-Predominant Metastases Through F-DCFPyL‒Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen‒Positron Emission Tomography/CT Scans in Pretreatment Prostate Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Intraductal prostate cancer (IDC) is linked to unfavorable oncologic outcomes, marked by distinctive cellular intrinsic pathway changes and intricate immunosuppressive microenvironments that could impact the way cancer spreads. The aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of IDC in prostate biopsy specimens obtained from patients before primary prostate cancer (PCa) treatment is associated with a lymph node metastatic propensity in prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)‒positron emission tomography (PET)/CT.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of all PCa patients undergoing a pretreatment F-DCFPyL-PSMA-PET/CT between January 1, 2016, and August 2021 at The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre.

A Review of the Past, Present, and Future of the Monkeypox Virus: Challenges, Opportunities, and Lessons from COVID-19 for Global Health Security.

Monkeypox, a rare but significant zoonotic and orthopoxviral disease, has garnered increasing attention due to its potential for human-to-human transmission and its recent resurgence in multiple countries throughout Europe, North America, and Oceania. The disease has emerged as a novel threat to the global health systems that are still striving to recover from the major shocks of the COVID-19 pandemic. The unusual manifestation of the illness highlights a substantial knowledge deficit and necessitates the immediate development of a public health action strategy, considering the epidemiological differences observed in the ongoing outbreak and the appearance of cases in non-endemic nations.

Mesorectal nodal metastasis with seminal vesicle invasion in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and predictors of mesorectal lymph node (MLN) metastases on prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) following radical therapy.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of all PCa patients with biochemical failure following radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy who underwent an F-DCFPyL-PSMA-PET/CT at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre between December 2018 and February 2021. Lesions with PSMA scores ≥2 were considered positive for PCa involvement (PROMISE classification).

Interactome of Long Non-Coding RNAs: Transcriptomic Expression Patterns and Shaping Cancer Cell Phenotypes.

RNA biology has gained extensive recognition in the last two decades due to the identification of novel transcriptomic elements and molecular functions. Cancer arises, in part, due to the accumulation of mutations that greatly contribute to genomic instability. However, the identification of differential gene expression patterns of wild-type loci has exceeded the boundaries of mutational study and has significantly contributed to the identification of molecular mechanisms that drive carcinogenic transformation.

Lymphotropic Pattern of Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen-detected Metastases Among Biochemically Recurrent Radical Prostatectomy Patients with Cribriform Disease.

Background: Cribriform morphology portends worse oncologic outcomes, and has unique cellular intrinsic pathway alterations and tumor microenvironments that may impact metastatic spread patterns.

Objective: To determine whether the presence of cribriform morphology in prostatectomy specimens of patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) is associated with the presence of metastasis on prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and a distinct pattern of spread.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of all prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence after RP undergoing F-DCFPyL-PET/CT between December 2018 and February 2021 at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre.

Androgen Receptor Activation Induces Senescence in Thyroid Cancer Cells.

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, with an approximately three-fold higher incidence in women. TCGA data indicate that androgen receptor (AR) RNA is significantly downregulated in PTC. In this study, AR-expressing 8505C (anaplastic TC) (84E7) and K1 (papillary TC) cells experienced an 80% decrease in proliferation over 6 days of exposure to physiological levels of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

Molecular Docking and Network Pharmacology Interaction Analysis of Gingko Biloba (EGB761) Extract with Dual Target Inhibitory Mechanism in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of neurodegenerative dementia affecting people in their later years of life. The AD prevalence rate has significantly increased due to a lack of early detection technology and low therapeutic efficacy. Despite recent scientific advances, some aspects of AD pathological targets still require special attention.