Background: Osteomyelitis is a challenging condition caused by infection and inflammation of the bone, presenting a significant economic burden to healthcare systems. Calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite (CaS/HA) is a bone void filler composed of 60% calcium sulfate and 40% hydroxyapatite. This case series aimed to report the efficacy and infection-related outcomes of CaS/HA combined with Gentamicin (CaS/HA-G) in treating osteomyelitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) stimulates oncogenic transcriptional pathways in cancer and CDK9 inhibitors have emerged as promising therapeutic candidates.
Methods: The activity of an orally bioavailable CDK9 inhibitor, CDKI-73, was evaluated in prostate cancer cell lines, a xenograft mouse model, and patient-derived tumor explants and organoids. Expression of CDK9 was evaluated in clinical specimens by mining public datasets and immunohistochemistry.
: Osteomyelitis is a challenging bone infection associated with ischemia, trauma, or various surgical procedures (e.g., joint reconstruction).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSolid tumors are highly reliant on lipids for energy, growth, and survival. In prostate cancer, the activity of the androgen receptor (AR) is associated with reprogramming of lipid metabolic processes. Here, we identified acyl-CoA synthetase medium chain family members 1 and 3 (ACSM1 and ACSM3) as AR-regulated mediators of prostate cancer metabolism and growth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is a lack of data on the characteristics of overlap between acquired antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors in Klebsiella pneumoniae in high-risk settings, especially with the inclusion of surveillance isolates along with the clinical. We investigated K. pneumoniae isolates, from a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Nepal, for the presence of both accessory virulence factors and acquired antimicrobial resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Data on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among children in Nepal are limited. Here we have characterized the causes of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs), antimicrobial resistance patterns and the mechanisms of β-lactamase production in Enterobacterales among children attending outpatient and inpatient departments of a secondary care paediatric hospital in Nepal.
Methods: We retrospectively collected demographic and clinical data of culture-proven bacterial BSIs between January 2017 and December 2022 among children <18 years attending a 50-bedded paediatric hospital.
The recurrent laryngeal nerve travels a variable course on either side due to the differences in the structures related during development. The nerve is at risk of injury due to a number of pathologies in any of these structures. We came across a very rare pathology causing vocal palsy in a 62-year-old male with hoarseness of voice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Transferrable mechanisms of quinolone resistance (TMQR) can lead to fluoroquinolone non-susceptibility in addition to chromosomal mechanisms. Some evidence suggests that fluoroquinolone resistance is increasing among the pediatric population. We sought to determine the occurrence of TMQR genes among quinolone-resistant E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Resistance to androgen receptor signalling inhibitors (ARSIs) represents a major clinical challenge in prostate cancer. We previously demonstrated that the ARSI enzalutamide inhibits only a subset of all AR-regulated genes, and hypothesise that the unaffected gene networks represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention. This study identified the hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR) as a survival factor in prostate cancer and investigated its potential as a co-target for overcoming resistance to ARSIs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Inhibiting the androgen receptor (AR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, with androgen deprivation therapy is a standard-of-care treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. Paradoxically, activation of AR can also inhibit the growth of prostate cancer in some patients and experimental systems, but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are poorly understood. This study exploited a potent synthetic androgen, methyltestosterone (MeT), to investigate AR agonist-induced growth inhibition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochar is one of the few nature-based technologies with potential to help achieve net-zero emissions agriculture. Such an outcome would involve the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from agroecosystems and optimization of soil organic carbon sequestration. Interest in biochar application is heightened by its several co-benefits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Nepal has progressed gradually in reducing under-5 mortality and neonatal mortality; however, they are still high at 30.8 and 19.8 per 1000 live births, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGroup B streptococcus (GBS) or is an opportunistic pathogen that causes serious illness in newborns, pregnant women, and adults. However, insufficient detection methods and disease prevention programs have contributed to an increase in the incidence and fatality rates associated with this pathogen in non-neonatal patients. This study aimed to investigate factors of the observed increased incidence by investigation of serotype distribution, virulence factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from invasive GBS disease among non-neonatal patients in Thailand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlterations to the androgen receptor (AR) signalling axis and cellular metabolism are hallmarks of prostate cancer. This study provides insight into both hallmarks by uncovering a novel link between AR and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Specifically, we identify 6-phosphogluoconate dehydrogenase () as an androgen-regulated gene that is upregulated in prostate cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is the main bioenergetic pathway in human prostate cancer (PCa) and a promising novel therapeutic vulnerability. Here we demonstrate therapeutic efficacy of targeting FAO in clinical prostate tumors cultured ex vivo, and identify encoding the rate-limiting enzyme for oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), as robustly overexpressed in PCa tissues and associated with shorter relapse-free survival. is a negatively-regulated androgen receptor (AR) target gene and, therefore, may promote PCa cell survival and resistance to AR targeting therapeutics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The nutritional status of children may deteriorate after natural disasters such as earthquakes. A 7.8 Richter scale earthquake struck Nepal in 2015 that affected 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Vitamin D deficiency has been observed worldwide in pregnant women and their newborns. Maternal vitamin D deficiency can lead to deficiency in their newborn baby and has been linked with various complications during pregnancy and delivery. There is risk of premature delivery and it is associated with high neonatal mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanostructured spectral filters enabling dynamic color-tuning are saliently attractive for implementing ultra-compact color displays and imaging devices. Realization of polarization-induced dynamic color-tuning via one-dimensional periodic nanostructures is highly challenging due to the absence of plasmonic resonances for transverse-electric polarization. Here we demonstrate highly efficient dynamic subtractive color filters incorporating a dielectric-loaded aluminum nanowire array, providing a continuum of customized color according to the incident polarization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Thyroid dysfunction (TD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are known risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). TD is risk factor for ASCVD mediated by the effects of thyroid hormones on lipid metabolism and blood pressure hence the components of MetS. It is possible that coexistence of these two disease entities and unrecognized TD in patients with MetS might substantially increase ASCVD risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of fertilizer management on nitrous oxide (NO) fluxes in agricultural ecosystems is well documented; however, our knowledge of these effects in managed forests is minimal. We established a comprehensive research study to address this knowledge gap across a range of soil drainage classes (poorly, moderately, and well drained) common in southern pine plantation management. Fertilizer treatments in each drainage class comprised of control (no fertilizer), urea + phosphorus (P), and P-coated urea fertilizer (CUF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJNMA J Nepal Med Assoc
August 2016
Introduction: Bloodstream infections are associated with significant patient morbidity and mortality. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns should guide the choice of empiric antimicrobial regimens for patients with bacteremia.
Methods: Blood sample received from the patient attending Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital from March, 2012 - August, 2012 were subjected to culture.
J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci
April 2013
Seventy-three patients with spinal nerve sheath tumor who were surgically treated in our hospital during the years 2004-2010 were retrospectively reviewed with respect to recovery of neurological function, recurrence of the tumor and occurrence of kyphotic deformities. Preoperative clinical manifestations, imaging data, surgical records and follow-up results were comprehensively analyzed. The follow-up duration was 12-60 months with an average of 32.
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