A highly contiguous genome sequence of Alternaria porri isolate Apn-Nashik causing purple blotch disease in onion.

Objectives: Purple blotch, caused by the necrotrophic pathogen Alternaria porri, is one of the most economically significant diseases of onion and allied crops. While the virulent nature of many Alternaria spp. has been identified, the pathogenic repertoire of A.

Comprehensive analysis of metabolites in using the two-dimensional gas-chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

, also known as 'Salparni', is a valuable herb with significant medicinal properties. Previous studies on the plant have only used conventional GC-MS to analyse its metabolites. In this study, we utilised two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry to precisely characterise the shoot and root volatiles of .

3D Porous MoS-Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Reductive Transformation Reactions.

The MoS-based reduced graphene oxide aerogel (MoS-rGOA)-assisted organic transformation reactions are presented. MoS-rGOA is used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the reduction of benzene derivatives such as benzaldehyde, nitrobenzene, and benzonitrile to benzyl alcohol, aniline, and benzamide and their derivatives, respectively, in green solvents (water/methanol) and green reducing agents (hydrazine hydrate having N and H as byproducts). The mechanistic features of the reduction pathway, substrate scope, and the best suitable conditions by varying the temperature, solvent, reducing agent, catalyst loading, time, etc.

Development of SNP markers linked to purple blotch resistance for marker-assisted selection in onion ( L.) breeding.

Unlabelled: Purple blotch (PB), caused by (Ellis) Cifferi, is one of the most destructive diseases of onion worldwide. Rapid development and deployment of resistant onion varieties is the most effective approach to control this disease. A single dominant gene, was previously linked to PB resistance in onion cultivar 'Arka Kalyan'.

Cross-kingdom small RNA communication between plants and fungal phytopathogens-recent updates and prospects for future agriculture.

Small RNAs (sRNAs) are short non-coding regulatory RNA sequences that silence the complementary expressive transcripts through an endogenous RNA mediated interference mechanism (RNAi). These sRNAs typically move through plasmodesmata and phloem in plants to support disease resistance, and also through septal pores and vesicles in fungi to act as effector of pathogenicity. Notably, recent reports have shown the occurrence of a bidirectional trafficking of these sRNAs between the host plants and the attacking fungal phytopathogen which have significant implication in the nature of the infection.

Genome Wide Analysis of the Potato Soft Rot Pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum Strain ICMP 5702 to Predict Novel Insights into Its Genetic Features.

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) is a gram-negative, broad host range bacterial pathogen which causes soft rot disease in potatoes as well as other vegetables worldwide. While Pectobacterium infection relies on the production of major cell wall degrading enzymes, other virulence factors and the mechanism of genetic adaptation of this pathogen is not yet clear.

A single transcript CRISPR/Cas9 mediated mutagenesis of CaERF28 confers anthracnose resistance in chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

T-DNA-free homozygous mutant lines developed through a single transcript CRISPR/Cas9 system harboring the desired modification in the CaERF28 locus exhibited significantly enhanced resistance to the anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum truncatum coupled with the improved expression of defense responsive genes. Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum species, is a major disease of chilli (Capsicum annuum) accounting for significant pre- and post-harvest yield losses across the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Management of chilli anthracnose using traditional methods have not met with noticeable success.

Genome wide identification and expression analysis of pepper CH zinc finger transcription factors in response to anthracnose pathogen .

Unlabelled: Although, the CH zinc finger (ZF) family of plant transcription factors have been implicated in multiple biological processes, they are yet to be characterized in the economically important chilli pepper (). In this study, a total of 79 CH ZF genes were identified in the pepper genome. Phylogenetic analysis categorized the pepper CH ZF (CaZF) members into five subfamilies each with unique conserved domains and functions.

CO-free, aqueous mediated, instant and selective reduction of nitrobenzene robustly stable chalcogen stabilised iron carbonyl clusters (FeE(CO), E = S, Se, Te).

Highly stable and thermally robust iron chalcogenide carbonyl clusters FeE(CO) (E = S, Se or Te) have been explored for the reduction of nitrobenzene. A 15 min thermal heating of an aqueous solution of nitrobenzene and hydrazine hydrate in the catalytic presence of FeE(CO) (E = S, Se or Te) clusters yield average to excellent aniline transformations. Among the S, Se and Te based iron chalcogenised carbonyl clusters, the diselenide cluster was found to be most efficient and produce almost 90% yield of the desired amino product, the disulfide cluster was also found to be significantly active, produce the 85% yield of amino product, while the ditelluride cluster was not found to be active and produced only 49% yield of the desired product.

Engineering drought tolerance in plants through CRISPR/Cas genome editing.

Drought stress is primarily responsible for heavy yield losses and productivity in major crops and possesses the greatest threat to the global food security. While conventional and molecular breeding approaches along with genetic engineering techniques have been instrumental in developing drought-tolerant crop varieties, these methods are cumbersome, time consuming and the genetically modified varieties are not widely accepted due to regulatory concerns. Plant breeders are now increasingly centring towards the recently available genome-editing tools for improvement of agriculturally important traits.

Correction: Half-sandwich (η-Cp*)Rh(iii) complexes of pyrazolated organo-sulfur/selenium/tellurium ligands: efficient catalysts for base/solvent free C-N coupling of chloroarenes under aerobic conditions.

Correction for 'Half-sandwich (η5-Cp*)Rh(iii) complexes of pyrazolated organo-sulfur/selenium/tellurium ligands: efficient catalysts for base/solvent free C-N coupling of chloroarenes under aerobic conditions' by Charu Sharma et al., Org. Biomol.

Half-sandwich (η-Cp*)Rh(iii) complexes of pyrazolated organo-sulfur/selenium/tellurium ligands: efficient catalysts for base/solvent free C-N coupling of chloroarenes under aerobic conditions.

Three new pyrazolated chalcogenoether ligated Rh(iii) half-sandwich complexes (1-3) were synthesised by the thermal reaction of chalcogenoether (S, Se and Te) substituted 1H-pyrazole ligands (L1-L3) and [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl]2 in methanol. The complexes were fully characterised by various spectroscopic techniques, and the molecular structures of complexes 1 and2 were also established through single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis, which indicates a pseudo-octahedral half-sandwich piano-stool geometry around the rhodium metal. All three complexes were found to be thermally stable and insensitive towards air and moisture.

Analysis of microRNAs and their targets from onion (Allium cepa) using genome survey sequences (GSS) and expressed sequence tags (ESTs).

MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs of 21-24 nucleotides in length that acts as important modulators of gene expression related to numerous biological processes including development and defense response in eukaryotes. However, only a limited report on onion (Allium cepa) miRNAs is available and their associated role in growth and development of onion is not yet clear. Therefore, it is of interest to identify miRNAs and their targets in Allium cepa using the genome survey sequences (GSSs) and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and deduce the functions of the target genes using gene ontology (GO) terms.

Genome wide identification and functional assignments of CH Zinc-finger family transcription factors in Dichanthelium oligosanthes.

Transcription factors (TFs) are biological regulators of gene function in response to various internal and external stimuli. CH zinc finger proteins (CH-ZFPs) are a large family of TFs that play crucial roles in plant growth and development, hormone signalling and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. While CH-ZFPs have been well characterized in many model and crop plants, they are yet to be ascertained in the evolutionarily important C plant Dichanthelium oligosanthes (Heller's rosette grass).

Palladium(ii) ligated with a selenated (Se, C, N)-type pincer ligand: an efficient catalyst for Mizoroki-Heck and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling in water.

A new 1-[N-benzylacetamido]-3-[1-(2-phenylselenylethyl)]benzimidazolium chloride (L), the precursor of a novel (Se, C, N)-type pincer ligand (L) was synthesised in high yield through a sequence of consecutive reactions of 1H-benzimidazole with ethylene dichloride, sodium selenophenolate, and N-benzyl-2-chloroacetamide. The palladium-promoted reaction of L with PdCl resulted in a moisture- and air-insensitive complex [Pd(L-HCl)Cl] (1), which demonstrated outstanding catalytic potential for Mizoroki-Heck coupling of aromatic bromides and chlorides (with yields up to 94% and 70%, respectively) at very low catalyst loading (0.2 mol%) and under mild reaction conditions in water.

Base editing in crops: current advances, limitations and future implications.

Targeted mutagenesis via genome-editing technologies holds great promise in developing improved crop varieties to meet future demands. Point mutations or single nucleotide polymorphisms often determine important agronomic traits of crops. Genome-editing-based single-base changes could generate elite trait variants in crop plants which help in accelerating crop improvement.

Sequence-tagged site-based diagnostic markers linked to a novel anthracnose resistance gene in chili pepper ( L.).

Anthracnose, caused by spp. is the most devastating disease of chili () in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The present study aimed at molecular mapping and development of markers linked to a new gene for anthracnose resistance in the chili cultivar 'Punjab Lal'.

Genome Editing in Rice: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Future Implications.

Rice ( L.) is the major food source for more than three billion people of the world. In the last few decades, the classical, mutational, and molecular breeding approaches have brought about tremendous increase in rice productivity with the development of novel rice varieties.

Physiological studies and genome-wide microRNA profiling of cold-stressed Brassica napus.

Temperature extremes, including cold, adversely impact plant growth and development. Plant responses to cold stress (CS) are regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, are known to be involved in post-transcriptional regulation of various developmental processes and metal stress in Brassica napus L.

Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of MADS-box genes associated with reproductive development in Roxb.

The repertoire and functions of MADS-box family transcription factors (TFs) largely remains unexplored with respect to floral organogenesis of Roxb. Degenerative PCR followed by rapid amplification of cDNA ends was employed in the present study to clone and characterize 17 MADS-box genes (designated as to ) from the floral buds of The cloned genes were clustered into three subgroups (11 MIKC, 4 MIKC* and 2 Mα) based on phylogenetic relationships with the MADS-box genes from and . Southern hybridization showed that all the isolated genes were represented by single copy locus in the genome.

Can-miRn37a mediated suppression of ethylene response factors enhances the resistance of chilli against anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum truncatum L.

Pepper anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum species complex is the most destructive disease of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). miRNAs are key modulators of transcriptional and post- transcriptional expression of genes during defense responses.

Differential expression of CURS gene during various growth stages, climatic condition and soil nutrients in turmeric (Curcuma longa): Towards site specific cultivation for high curcumin yield.

Curcuma longa L., accumulates substantial amount of curcumin and essential oil. Little is known about the differential expression of curcumin synthase (CURS) gene and consequent curcumin content variations at different agroclimatic zones.

Transcriptome profiling of the floral buds and discovery of genes related to sex-differentiation in the dioecious cucurbit Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt.

Dioecious species offer an inclusive structure to study the molecular basis of sexual dimorphism in angiosperms. Despite having a small genome and heteromorphic sex chromosomes, Coccinia grandis is a highly neglected dioecious species with little information available on its physical state, genetic orientation and key sex-defining elements. In the present study, we performed RNA-Seq and DGE analysis of male (MB) and female (FB) buds in C.

EST-SSR marker revealed effective over biochemical and morphological scepticism towards identification of specific turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cultivars.

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L., family Zingiberaceae) is one of the most economically important plants for its use in food, medicine, and cosmetic industries. Cultivar identification is a major constraint in turmeric, owing to high degree of morphological similarity that in turn, affects its commercialization.

Multiple garlic (Allium sativum L.) microRNAs regulate the immunity against the basal rot fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cepae.

The basal plate rot fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (FOC), is the most devastating pathogen posing a serious threat to garlic (Allium sativum L.