Safety and immunogenicity of a pentavalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine versus a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine in adults in India: an observer-blind, randomised, active-controlled, phase 2/3 study.

Background: Meningococcal disease remains an important public health problem globally. We assessed the non-inferiority and the lot-to-lot consistency of a pentavalent meningococcal ACYWX conjugate vaccine (NmCV-5; Serum Institute of India, Pune, India) versus a quadrivalent meningococcal ACWY conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-D) in healthy adults.

Methods: In this observer-blind, randomised, active-controlled, phase 2/3 study, healthy adults aged 18-85 years were recruited from nine hospitals across seven cities in India.

Managing Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak After Lumbar Spinal Fusion: When Conservative Treatment is Not the Answer?

Objective: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are a known complication of lumbar fusion surgery. There is a scarcity of literature describing the management of this complication. The aim of this study was to identify patients who are at risk of requiring further intervention for managing CSF leaks.

Management of patients with Reflex Vasovagal syncope with a protocol involving a yoga maneuver Tadasana.

Background: There is no universally followed protocol for managing Reflex Vasovagal syncope (VVS).

Methods: VVS patients were treated with a 2 step protocol. Step I - counseling, hydration, physiotherapy, and Tadasana Yoga maneuver.

Logistics and administration-related stressors among young physicians working in the emergency medicine (EM) department and their perceived job satisfaction in EM department across hospitals of India: a nationwide multicentric digital survey.

Objective: Emergency medicine (EM) is a growing specialty in India with the board approving training programme commencing only since 2009. This study aimed to identify the challenges faced by EM department personnel in the country and to obtain valuable insight into the concerns and problems experienced by them.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional digital survey conducted among EM department personnel in teaching institutions across India.

Screening for those at risk for anxiety and depression warranting further clinical evaluation among patients presenting to breast services: a single-centre, cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Studies show that anxiety and depression are widespread across patients presenting to outpatient services for medical illnesses. We expect similar or even higher prevalence in patients with breast complaints owing to the relevance of breasts in terms of sexuality, identity and confidence. Thus, this study was proposed to estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors for being at risk for anxiety and depression in patients seeking breast services.

An audit of institutional ethics committee queries raised after initial project submission by a single research department at a tertiary referral center in India.

Introduction: The institutional ethics committees (IECs) raise queries following protocol reviews. The quality of these queries would be a useful metric to assess how well the IEC executes its fundamental role of protecting participants.

Methods: Queries received after the initial review and replies sent by a single research department were evaluated.

Safety and Efficacy of Moderately-High Dose Turmacin® (Turmerosaccharide >10% w/w) Supplementation on Joint Discomfort in Healthy Adults - A Pilot Proof-of-Concept Single Arm Study.

Turmeric is well-known for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties but 69.4% of the turmeric rhizome contains Turmerosaccharides whose clinical benefit is still unexplored. Turmacin®/NR-INF-02 is an aqueous extract of Turmeric containing Turmerosaccharides (>10%w/w) with negligible curcuminoids.

Downsizing and minimising medialisation of the acetabular component: Novel technique to preserve bone in THA.

Standard practice for acetabular component placement in total hip arthroplasty (THA) is to medialise the acetabular component. Bone preservation techniques during primary THA are beneficial for possible future revisions. The goal of this study is to examine the effect of downsizing and minimising medialisation of the acetabular component on bone resection volume.

Metabolic risk factors in first acute coronary syndrome (MERIFACS) Study.

Objectives: In acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients the focus is on major conventional risk factors - CRF [diabetes, hypertension, elevated low-density cholesterol (LDL-C) and smoking] whereas others - specific metabolic risk factors - MRF [high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), body-mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and triglycerides, and HbA1c get less attention.

Methods: This is a prospective case-control observational study from 15 tertiary care hospitals in India. CRF and MRF in patients presenting with first incidence of ACS (n = 2153) were compared with matched controls (n = 1210).

Diabetic Nephropathy and Proton Pump Inhibitors - Pilot Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are liberally used over the counter medication and is largely considered safe. Off late, there are many reports that suggest increased incidence of chronic kidney disease with long-term PPI use. PPIs are often prescribed in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and one of the well-known complications of DM is diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Extent of knowledge and attitudes on plagiarism among undergraduate medical students in South India - a multicentre, cross-sectional study to determine the need for incorporating research ethics in medical undergraduate curriculum.

Background: Undergraduate medical students in India participate in various research activities However, plagiarism is rampant, and we hypothesize that it is the lack of knowledge on how to avoid plagiarism. This study's objective was to measure the extent of knowledge and attitudes towards plagiarism among undergraduate medical students in India.

Methods: It was a multicentre, cross-sectional study conducted over a two-year period (January 2018 - December 2019).

Evaluation of genetic polymorphism of CYP3A5 in normal healthy participants from western India - A cross-sectional study.

Background: CYP3A5 enzymes belong to the phase I Group of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which are involved in the metabolism of 50% of the drugs. Participants with CYP3A5 genotype: CYP3A5 *1/*1 are fast metabolizers of drugs and hence will require higher dosing. Whereas those with CYP3A5 * 3/*3 are poor metabolizers of drugs and will require a lower dose to achieve target drug concentration in the blood and those with CYP3A5 * 1/*3 have intermediate drug metabolizing activity.

Clinical profile, outcomes and predictors of mortality in elderly patients admitted to the emergency medicine intensive care unit of a teaching hospital - A single-center registry.

Aim: Emergency intensive care of the elderly is often complicated and multifaceted. Understanding the clinical profile of elderly patients admitted in an emergency department-intensive care unit (ED-ICU) is crucial in planning health policies in geriatric emergency medicine. Thus, the aim of the study was to create a local registry of elderly people utilizing the ED-ICU services and to understand the rate and predictors of mortality.

Effects of oxybutynin in children with posterior urethral valves post fulguration: Report in a select cohort of children.

Objectives: Posterior urethral valves (PUV) is the commonest obstructive uropathy with varied consequences. Though valve fulguration is the treatment of choice, appropriate bladder management modifies outcome and includes rational use of anticholinergics. Here, we aim to evaluate the effects of oxybutynin on the bladder and urinary tract morphology and function.

A two-year evaluation of the minutes of Investigational New Drug committee meetings.

Introduction: The Investigational New Drug (IND) committee advises the Drug Controller General of India on matters pertaining to clinical trials (CTs) of IND for clinical development. An audit of the minutes of this committee's meetings would shed light on the drug discovery in India.

Methods: Minutes of the IND committee meetings available in the public domain (2-year period) were evaluated.

Neck of Femur Fracture in Young Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease and Hyperparathyroidism: A Report of Three Cases and Proposed Treatment Algorithm.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a complication arising from untreated end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It can invariably lead to osteoporosis and subsequently cause pathological neck of femur (NOF) fracture. Despite being young, osteosynthesis in neck of femur fractures of these patients often leads to nonunion and implant failure due to severely osteoporotic bone.

Prevalence and predictors of sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality and their associated perinatal outcomes during the third trimester of pregnancy.

Objectives: Maternal sleep deprivation not only affects the pregnant mother but also has profound effects on the well-being of the foetus. This study aims to assess the prevalence and predictors of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and poor sleep quality (PSQ).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among in-patient post-natal women of a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Extent of awareness and attitudes on plagiarism among post-graduate resident doctors and junior medical faculty in India: a cross-sectional, multicentric study.

Objectives: Though dissertation is mandatory for postgraduates (PG), it is unknown if adequate knowledge on plagiarism exists at that level. Thus, we intended to study the knowledge and attitude towards plagiarism among junior doctors in India.

Design: Cross-sectional study SETTING: PG medical residents and Junior faculty from various teaching institutions across south India.