Microenhancement as a Biomarker for Cerebral Microbleed in Inflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: Insights From 3D T1 Black-Blood MR Imaging.

Objectives: Cerebral microbleeds (cMBs) are common imaging findings in conditions related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage is considered pivotal in their pathogenesis. This study investigates the potential role of cerebral microenhancement (cME) as an imaging biomarker on 3D T1 black-blood MRI (BB-MRI) for BBB rupture, predicting the formation of cMBs in inflammatory CAA variants.

Family-Reflections.com: Creating a parent-to-parent web-based tool regarding pediatric home ventilation.

Background: The decision to initiate pediatric mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy ("home ventilation") is complex and parents often desire information from other parents who have faced this decision. However, parent-to-parent communication is challenging as it is difficult to connect new families to experienced families in ways that optimize informed, balanced decision-making.

Objective: Create a parent-to-parent web-based tool to support decision-making about pediatric home ventilation.

"What Would Give Her the Best Life?": Understanding Why Families Decline Pediatric Home Ventilation.

Families who must decide about pediatric home ventilation rely on the clinicians who counsel them for guidance. Most studies about pediatric home ventilation decisions focus on families who opt for this intervention, leaving much unknown about the families who decline. To describe the rationales of families who decline home ventilation.

Estimating impact likelihoods from probabilistic projections of climate and socio-economic change using impact response surfaces.

Estimates of future climate change impacts using numerical impact models are commonly based on a limited selection of projections of climate and other key drivers. However, the availability of large ensembles of such projections offers an opportunity to estimate impact responses probabilistically. This study demonstrates an approach that combines model-based impact response surfaces (IRSs) with probabilistic projections of climate change and population to estimate the likelihood of exceeding pre-specified thresholds of impact.

Toward Developing Techniques─Agnostic Machine Learning Classification Models for Forensically Relevant Glass Fragments.

Glass fragments found in crime scenes may constitute important forensic evidence when properly analyzed, for example, to determine their origin. This analysis could be greatly helped by having a large and diverse database of glass fragments and by using it for constructing reliable machine learning (ML)-based glass classification models. Ideally, the samples that make up this database should be analyzed by a single accurate and standardized analytical technique.

Surgical Management of a Massive Frontal Bone Hemangioma: Case Report.

Intraosseous hemangiomas are rare, benign tumors that can arise from the calvarium. These lesions often invade the outer table of the skull, but typically spare the inner table and intracranial structures. En bloc surgical resection is the standard treatment for intraosseous hemangiomas.

Emerging nuclear methods for historical painting authentication: AMS-C dating, MeV-SIMS and O-PTIR imaging, global IBA, differential-PIXE and full-field PIXE mapping.

There is a considerable interest in developing new analytical tools to fight the illicit trafficking of heritage goods and particularly of easel paintings, whose high market values attract an ever-increasing volume of criminal activities. The objective is to combat the illicit traffic of smuggled or forged paintworks and to prevent the acquisition of fakes or looted artefacts in public collections. Authentication can be addressed using various investigation techniques, such as absolute dating, materials characterization, alteration phenomena, etc.

Epigenetic and genomic profiling of chordoid meningioma: implications for clinical management.

Chordoid meningioma is a morphological variant of meningioma designated as WHO grade 2. However, the recurrence rates varied widely in different case series, and to date, a unifying molecular genetic signature has not been identified. Among 1897 meningiomas resected at our institution, we identified 12 primary chordoid meningiomas from 12 patients.

Inter-laboratory workflow for forensic applications: Classification of car glass fragments.

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has coordinated a research project titled "Enhancing Nuclear Analytical Techniques to Meet the Needs of Forensics Sciences" (CRP F11021) with the aim of empowering accelerator and reactor based techniques for applications in forensic sciences. One of the key topics of this project was the analysis and classification of forensic glass specimens using Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) techniques and in particular, Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE). To this end, glass fragments from car windows from different car models and manufacturers provided by the Israeli police force were subjected to PIXE measurements at three laboratories to determine their elemental compositions and possible glass corrosion.

Home mechanical ventilation for children with severe neurological impairment: Parents' perspectives on clinician counselling.

Aim: To retrospectively explore the perspectives of parents of children with severe neurological impairment (SNI), such as those with severe cerebral palsy, epilepsy syndromes, and structural brain differences, on clinician counseling regarding home mechanical ventilation (HMV).

Method: Inductive thematic analysis was performed on data from telephone interviews with parents who chose for and against HMV for their child with SNI at three academic children's hospitals across the USA.

Results: Twenty-six parents/legal guardians of 24 children were interviewed.

Distant Pituitary Adenoma Spread: A Systematic Review and Report of 2 Cases.

Background: Distant spread of pituitary adenoma outside the sellar/suprasellar region is classified as pituitary carcinoma. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-born spread of pituitary adenoma can occur after tumor cell spillage into the CSF space after surgery, irradiation, or apoplexy and is not necessarily related to intrinsic tumor biology.

Objective: To systematically review the literature and describe the clinical characteristics and treatment strategies of patients with pituitary carcinomas.

Alterations in the RB Pathway With Inactivation of RB1 Characterize Glioblastomas With a Primitive Neuronal Component.

A primitive neuronal component is a feature of some glioblastomas but defining molecular alterations of this histologic variant remains uncertain. We performed next-generation sequencing of 1500 tumor related genes on tissue from 9 patients with glioblastoma with a primitive component (G/PN) and analyzed 27 similar cases from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Alterations in the RB pathway were identified in all of our patients' tumors and 81% of TCGA tumors with the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB1) commonly affected.

Parent perspectives on facilitating decision-making around pediatric home ventilation.

Rationale: Deciding about pediatric home ventilation is exceptionally challenging for parents. Understanding the decision-making needs of parents who made different choices for their children could inform clinician counseling that better supports parents' diverse values and goals.

Objectives: To determine how clinicians can meet the decisional needs of parents considering home ventilation using a balanced sample of families who chose for or against intervention.

The efficacy of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of molecular genetic alterations in central nervous system gliomas: Next-generation sequencing of 212 mutations in 112 patients.

Identification of molecular genetic alterations has become an important part of diagnosis and care of patients with brain tumors. Comparisons of immunohistochemistry (IHC) with DNA sequencing techniques have suggested that IHC is useful for identifying surrogates of mutations in gliomas; however, studies of the efficacy are relatively few. Our aim was to compare IHC in our neuropathology laboratory with a commercially available next-generation sequencing (NGS) platform, Tempus xT.

Highly conductive and stable CoS thin films by atomic layer deposition: from process development and film characterization to selective and epitaxial growth.

CoS is an interesting sulfide material with metallic conductivity that has shown promise for various energy applications. Herein, we report a new atomic layer deposition process producing crystalline, pure, and highly conductive CoS thin films using CoCl(TMEDA) (TMEDA = ,,','-tetramethylethylenediamine) and HS as precursors at 180-300 °C. The lowest resistivity of 80 μΩ cm, best uniformity, and highest growth rate are achieved at 275 °C.

Life with pediatric home ventilation: Expectations versus experience.

Objectives: To explore the family experience of home ventilation through a comparison of anticipated home life changes with subsequent experiences.

Study Design: Guided interviews with parents across three states who chose home ventilation for their child within the last 5 years.

Patient-subject Selection: Purposive sampling of parents who chose home ventilation for their child within the last 5 years.

Paying for Pediatric Home Health Care: How Families of Children With Medical Complexity Navigate Gaps in Coverage.

Limited private and public financing of home health care for children with medical complexity can have harmful and costly consequences. Little is known of how parents and professionals in the United States navigate coverage for these services or how payer restrictions are shaping service quality. Qualitative interviews were conducted with families and professionals (eg, prescribers, providers, administrators of pediatric home health care [PHHC]) caring for children with medical complexity.

Living in the Hospital: The Vulnerability of Children with Chronic Critical Illness.

The number of children with chronic critical illness (CCI) is a growing population in the United States. A defining characteristic of this population is a prolonged hospital stay. Our study assessed the proportion of pediatric patients with chronic critical illness in U.

Family Experiences Deciding For and Against Pediatric Home Ventilation.

Objective: To understand what considerations drive family decisions for, and against, pediatric home ventilation.

Study Design: Qualitative interviews with parents of children who faced a decision about home ventilation in the previous 5 years at 3 geographically dispersed institutions.

Results: In total, 38 families (42 parents) were interviewed; 20 families opted for pediatric home ventilation, and 18 families opted against.

Intensity of Vasopressor Therapy and In-Hospital Mortality for Infants and Children: An Opportunity for Counseling Families.

Context: Most pediatric deaths occur in an intensive care unit, and treatment specific predictors of mortality could help clinicians and families make informed decisions.

Objective: To investigate whether the intensity of vasopressor therapy for pediatric patients, regardless of diagnosis, predicts in-hospital mortality.

Methods: Single-center, retrospective medical chart review of children aged 0-17 who were admitted between 2005 and 2015 at a pediatric tertiary care center in the U.

Interprofessional Medication Assessment has Effects on the Quality of Medication Among Home Care Patients: Randomized Controlled Intervention Study.

Objective: Multimorbidity and complex medications increase the risk of medication-related problems, especially in vulnerable home care patients. The objective of this study was to examine whether interprofessional medication assessment has an effect on medication quality among home care patients.

Design: The FIMA (Finnish Interprofessional Medication Assessment) study was a randomized, controlled study comparing physician-led interprofessional medication assessment and usual care.