The Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Association Between 24-Hour Movement Behavior Compositions With Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in 6-Year-Old Children.

Background: Few studies have examined the association between 24-hour movement behaviors and health in children in their first 2 years of primary school. This study aimed to examine how 24-hour movement behavior compositions at age 6 were related to body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms at ages 6 and 10.

Methods: A subsample of 361 children from the HealthNuts cohort study with valid accelerometer data was included in the cross-sectional analysis.

Epigenome-Wide Association Studies of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Function: A Systematic Review.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) results from gene-environment interactions over the lifetime. These interactions are captured by epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation. To systematically review the evidence form epigenome-wide association studies related to COPD and lung function.

The longitudinal association between physical activity, strength and fitness, and lung function: A UK Biobank cohort study.

Background: While physical activity is hypothesized to slow lung-function decline, the evidence is limited at a population level. This study investigated the longitudinal association between physical activity and related measures (grip strength, cardiovascular fitness) and lung function decline.

Methods: 20,111 UK Biobank cohort participants with lung function measures at baseline (2006-2010) and follow-up (2012-2014) were included.

The long-term effects of childhood adiposity on depression and anxiety in adulthood: A systematic review.

Objective: This review aimed to evaluate the association between childhood adiposity and depression and anxiety risk in adulthood.

Methods: MEDLINE, PsychInfo, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched on June 6, 2022, to identify studies that investigated the association between childhood weight status (age ≤18 years) and outcomes of depression and/or anxiety in adulthood (age ≥19 years). Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and results were narratively synthesized.

The effects of weight change from childhood to adulthood on depression and anxiety risk in adulthood: A systematic review.

This review aimed to evaluate the effects of weight change from childhood to adulthood on depression and/or anxiety risk in adulthood. We systematically searched MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Scopus for longitudinal studies assessing changes in weight status between childhood (≤18 years) and adulthood (≥19 years) in association with outcomes of depression and/or anxiety in adulthood. Study quality was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and data were narratively synthesized.

Is asthma associated with COVID-19 infection? A UK Biobank analysis.

Background: The relationship between asthma and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk is not clear and may be influenced by level of airway obstruction, asthma medication and known COVID-19 risk factors. We aimed to investigate COVID-19 risk in people with asthma.

Methods: We used UK Biobank data from all participants tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (n=107 412; 17 979 test positive).

Lung function trajectory and biomarkers in the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study.

Background And Objective: Different lung function trajectories through life can lead to COPD in adulthood. This study investigated whether circulating levels of biomarkers can differentiate those with accelerated (AD) from normal decline (ND) trajectories.

Methods: The Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study (TAHS) is a general population study that measured spirometry and followed up participants from ages 7 to 53 years.

Predictors of lung function trajectories in population-based studies: A systematic review.

Despite the growing body of evidence on lung function trajectories over the life course and their risk factors, the literature has not been systematically synthesized. Publications related to lung function trajectories were identified from PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL databases. Two authors independently identified publications for inclusion according to predefined selection criteria.

Backyard benefits? A cross-sectional study of yard size and greenness and children's physical activity and outdoor play.

Background: The home environment is the most important location in young children's lives, yet few studies have examined the relationship between the outdoor home environment and child physical activity levels, and even fewer have used objectively measured exposures and outcomes. This study examined relationships between objectively assessed home yard size and greenness, and child physical activity and outdoor play.

Methods: Data were drawn from the HealthNuts study, a longitudinal study of 5276 children in Melbourne, Australia.

Trajectories of asthma and allergies from 7 years to 53 years and associations with lung function and extrapulmonary comorbidity profiles: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Longitudinal trajectories of asthma and allergies from childhood to adulthood might be differentially associated with lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but associations with extrapulmonary comorbidities have not been well investigated. We aimed to assess these trajectories and examine their associations with lung function outcomes and profiles of comorbidities.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, data for asthma and related allergic conditions (ie, eczema, hay fever, and food allergy) were prospectively collected from the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study for participants aged 7-53 years originally recruited in Tasmania, Australia.

Are young children with asthma more likely to be less physically active?

Background: Previous research suggests that children who experience asthma may be less physically active; however, results have been inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate whether the presence of asthma or wheeze is associated with lower physical activity levels in children, and whether sex, body mass index or earlier asthma or wheeze status modifies the association.

Methods: This study was conducted in 391 HealthNuts participants in Melbourne, Australia.

Are adults with asthma less physically active? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically review the evidence on whether having current, ever asthma and asthma control is associated with levels of total, moderate and vigorous physical activity.

Methods: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases, limiting searches to English language papers from inception until Oct 2019. We synthesized the evidence comparing levels of total, moderate and vigorous physical activity between adults with and without current asthma or ever asthma by random effects meta-analyses.

The Association of Early Life Viral Respiratory Illness and Atopy on Asthma in Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The interaction between early life viral respiratory illness and atopy in the genesis of asthma has been widely discussed in the literature as the "two-hit hypothesis."

Objective: To synthesize evidence regarding the association of childhood viral respiratory illness and atopy in the development of persistent wheezing and asthma.

Methods: A systematic review was performed, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Does physical activity strengthen lungs and protect against asthma in childhood? A systematic review.

Background: Physical activity may be a potentially modifiable risk factor for asthma and driver of lung function development. This systematic review aimed to summarize the available evidence concerning the longitudinal effect of physical activity on the development of asthma, the persistence of asthma symptoms and lung function outcomes in children and adolescents.

Methods: PubMed and Embase electronic databases were searched for all original articles that investigated the longitudinal association between physical activity and asthma outcomes or lung function outcomes in children and adolescents.

Bidirectional associations between diet and body composition measures from 2 to 15 years: Longitudinal Study of Australian Children.

This study investigates how dietary patterns and scores are associated with subsequent BMI and waist:height ratio (WHtR), and how BMI and WHtR are associated with subsequent dietary patterns or scores, from 2-3 to 10-11 and 4-5 to 14-15 years of age. In the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, height, weight and waist circumference were measured biennially in children, yielding BMI z-score and WHtR. Parents, latterly children, reported frequency of child consumption of 12-16 food/drink items during the previous 24 h.

Physical activity and asthma: cause or consequence? A bidirectional longitudinal analysis.

Background: There is increasing interest in the role physical activity (PA) can play in the development and management of asthma. Understanding whether PA can have a positive effect is hindered by the potential influence of asthma on PA and a lack of relevant longitudinal data, leading to a debate on the existence and direction of these links. The aim of this study was to explore whether having asthma results in lower PA levels, and/or whether lower PA levels lead to more asthma in children and adolescents.

Validity of the Berlin questionnaire in detecting obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We aimed to systematically review the Berlin questionnaire as a screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases, reviewed articles reporting the Berlin questionnaire's diagnostic utility as measured against type-1 polysomnography, and performed meta-analyses where possible. Thirty five eligible articles showed that the Berlin questionnaire's diagnostic utility varied by study population, definition of hypopnea used, and apnea-hypopnea index threshold used.

The difference in amount of physical activity performed by children with and without asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Despite the benefits of a physically active lifestyle, some studies suggest fear of exacerbations by both children and their parents limit physical activity in children with asthma. We undertook a systematic review to quantify the difference in objectively measured physical activity levels of children and adolescents with and without asthma.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE.