Insulin resistance is associated with poorer verbal fluency performance in women.

Aims/hypothesis: Type 2 diabetes is an independent risk factor for cognitive decline. Insulin resistance occurring during midlife may increase the risk of cognitive decline later in life. We hypothesised that insulin resistance is associated with poorer cognitive performance and that sex and APOE*E4 might modulate this association.

Balancing pain and analgesic treatment in the home-dwelling elderly.

Background: In elderly persons, pain is a common problem, and analgesic medicines are among the most frequently used drugs.

Objective: To describe the use of analgesic medication and its relation to daily pain and morbidity in home-dwelling elderly people aged at least 75 years.

Methods: A random sample of 700 subjects aged at least 75 years was drawn from the total population of Kuopio, Finland.