A novel diselenide attenuates the carrageenan-induced inflammation by reducing neutrophil infiltration and the resulting tissue damage in mice.

Selenium-containing compounds have emerged as promising treatment for redox-based and inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the and anti-inflammatory activity of a novel diselenide named as dibenzyl[diselanediyIbis(propane-3-1diyl)] dicarbamate (DD). DD reacted with HOCl ( = 9.

Futile cycle of β-oxidation and de novo lipogenesis are associated with essential fatty acids depletion in lipoatrophy.

Total absence of adipose tissue (lipoatrophy) is associated with the development of severe metabolic disorders including hepatomegaly and fatty liver. Here, we sought to investigate the impact of severe lipoatrophy induced by deletion of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) exclusively in adipocytes on lipid metabolism in mice. Untargeted lipidomics of plasma, gastrocnemius and liver uncovered a systemic depletion of the essential linoleic (LA) and α-linolenic (ALA) fatty acids from several lipid classes (storage lipids, glycerophospholipids, free fatty acids) in lipoatrophic mice.

Uric Acid Reacts with Peroxidasin, Decreases Collagen IV Crosslink, Impairs Human Endothelial Cell Migration and Adhesion.

Uric acid is considered the main substrate for peroxidases in plasma. The oxidation of uric acid by human peroxidases generates urate free radical and urate hydroperoxide, which might affect endothelial function and explain, at least in part, the harmful effects of uric acid on the vascular system. Peroxidasin (PXDN), the most recent heme-peroxidase described in humans, catalyzes the formation of hypobromous acid, which mediates collagen IV crosslinks in the extracellular matrix.

Urate hydroperoxide oxidizes endothelial cell surface protein disulfide isomerase-A1 and impairs adherence.

Background: Extracellular surface protein disulfide isomerase-A1 (PDI) is involved in platelet aggregation, thrombus formation and vascular remodeling. PDI performs redox exchange with client proteins and, hence, its oxidation by extracellular molecules might alter protein function and cell response. In this study, we investigated PDI oxidation by urate hydroperoxide, a newly-described oxidant that is generated through uric acid oxidation by peroxidases, with a putative role in vascular inflammation.

Distinct metabolic patterns during microglial remodeling by oleate and palmitate.

Microglial activation by oleate and palmitate differentially modulates brain inflammatory status. However, the metabolic reprogramming supporting these reactive phenotypes remains unknown. Employing real-time metabolic measurements and lipidomic analysis, we show that both fatty acids promote microglial oxidative metabolism, while lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhances glycolytic rates.

Reduction of the DNA damages, Hepatoprotective Effect and Antioxidant Potential of the Coconut Water, ascorbic and Caffeic Acids in Oxidative Stress Mediated by Ethanol.

Hepatic disorders such as steatosis and alcoholic steatohepatitis are common diseases that affect thousands of people around the globe. This study aims to identify the main phenol compounds using a new HPLC-ESI+-MS/MS method, to evaluate some oxidative stress parameters and the hepatoprotective action of green dwarf coconut water, caffeic and ascorbic acids on the liver and serum of rats treated with ethanol. The results showed five polyphenols in the lyophilized coconut water spiked with standards: chlorogenic acid (0.

Chemical Characterization of Urate Hydroperoxide, A Pro-oxidant Intermediate Generated by Urate Oxidation in Inflammatory and Photoinduced Processes.

Urate hydroperoxide is a strong oxidant generated by the combination of urate free radical and superoxide. The formation of urate hydroperoxide as an intermediate in urate oxidation is potentially responsible for the pro-oxidant effects of urate in inflammatory disorders, protein degradation, and food decomposition. To understand the molecular mechanisms that sustain the harmful effects of urate in inflammatory and oxidative stress related conditions, we report a detailed structural characterization and reactivity of urate hydroperoxide toward biomolecules.