Elimination of Ethanol for the Production of Fucoidans from Brown Seaweeds: Characterization and Bioactivities.

Fucoidan, a sulphated polysaccharide from brown seaweed composed of several monosaccharides, has been stated to have several bioactive properties such as antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, antithrombic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. This paper provides research findings on green extraction methods, structural analysis of fucoidan, and its associated bioactivities. Fucoidans from brown seaweeds, and were extracted using green solvents such as citric acid (CA) followed by MWCO (molecular weight cut-off) filtration to obtain high-purity polysaccharides.

Conventional extraction of fucoidan from Irish brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus followed by ultrasound-assisted depolymerization.

Fucoidan has attracted considerable attention from scientists and pharmaceutical companies due to its antioxidant, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and health-enhancing properties. However, the extraction of fucoidan from seaweeds often involves the use of harsh chemicals, which necessitates the search for alternative solvents. Additionally, the high viscosity and low cell permeability of high molecular weight (Mw) fucoidan can limit its effectiveness in drug action, while lower Mw fractions exhibit increased biological activity and are also utilized as dietary supplements.

Sequential extraction of fucoidan, laminarin, mannitol, alginate and protein from brown macroalgae Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus.

The study involves development of a green biorefinery process for obtaining fucoidan, laminarin, mannitol, alginate and protein from dry and fresh Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum using hydrochloric acid and a green extraction solvent. After the extraction of fucoidan which was the targeted biomolecule, an extract and by-product (residual biomass) were obtained. The extract was passed through an ultrafiltration membrane, where fucoidan was obtained in the ultrafiltration retentate while ultrafiltration permeate was analysed for laminarin and mannitol.

Polyphenols in Agricultural Grassland Crops and Their Health-Promoting Activities-A Review.

Grassland crops are emerging reservoirs of undisturbed, natural antioxidants and phytochemicals, such as phenolic acids and flavonoids. The present review will focus on the most commonly cultivated crops, namely L, L, L. and L, which have been recognized for their polyphenolic composition.

The intracellular C-terminal domain of mGluR6 contains ER retention motifs.

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 (mGluR6) predominantly localizes to the postsynaptic sites of retinal ON-bipolar cells, at which it recognizes glutamate released from photoreceptors. The C-terminal domain (CTD) of mGluR6 contains a cluster of basic amino acids resembling motifs for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention. We herein investigated whether these basic residues are involved in regulating the subcellular localization of mGluR6 in 293T cells expressing mGluR6 CTD mutants using immunocytochemistry, immunoprecipitation, and flow cytometry.

Purification and Molecular Characterization of Fucoidan Isolated from Brown Seaweed Grown in Ireland.

The present study investigates the molecular characteristics of fucoidan obtained from the brown Irish seaweed , employing hydrothermal-assisted extraction (HAE) followed by a three-step purification protocol. The dried seaweed biomass contained 100.9 mg/g of fucoidan, whereas optimised HAE conditions (solvent, 0.

Antioxidant Guided Fractionation of Blackberry Polyphenols Show Synergistic Role of Catechins and Ellagitannins.

In the present study, blackberry extract was prepared using a previously optimized solid-liquid extraction method in 70% aqueous acetone aimed at the recovery of its principal phenolics. Subsequently, 0.5 g of freeze-dried extract was subjected to flash chromatography fractionation, which was conducted on a C18 column using a binary solvent system of water and methanol at 10 mL/min.

Evaluation of photoreceptor-directed fibroblasts derived from retinitis pigmentosa patients with defects in the EYS gene: a possible cost-effective cellular model for mechanism-oriented drug.

Background: The most common gene responsible for autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is EYS. The manner of decay of genetically defective EYS gene transcripts varies depending on the type of mutation using our cellular model, which consists of induced photoreceptor-directed fibroblasts from EYS-RP patients (EYS-RP cells). However, disease-specific profiles have not been clarified in EYS-RP cells.

Development of Antioxidant and Nutritious Lentil () Flour Using Controlled Optimized Germination as a Bioprocess.

Germination is an efficient and natural strategy that allows the modification of the nutritional value and the nutraceutical properties of seeds, enabling one to tailor the process according to its final use. This study aimed at optimization of germination conditions to produce novel lentil flours with improved nutritional and functional features. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to model the effect of temperature (15-27 °C) and time (1-5 days) on different nutritional and quality parameters of lentil flours including proximate composition, content and profile of fatty acids, content of phytic acid, ascorbic acid and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), content and profile of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, expected glycemic index (GI) and color during germination.

High-Pressure Processing on Whole and Peeled Potatoes: Influence on Polyphenol Oxidase, Antioxidants, and Glycaemic Indices.

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) inactivation in five whole and peeled Irish potato cultivars was investigated using high-pressure processing (HPP) at 400 MPa and 600 MPa for 3 min. PPO activity was significantly lower in most of the HPP-treated samples, while the highest PPO inactivation was observed after HPP at 600 MPa. No significant ( > 0.

A Review on Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Applications on Anthocyanin and Ellagitannin Metabolites of Blackberries and Raspberries.

Berries have been widely assessed for their beneficial health effects, predominately due to their high (poly)phenol content of anthocyanins and ellagitannins. After ellagitannins and ellagic acid are metabolized by the gut microbiome, a class of compounds known as urolithins are produced, which exert potential advantageous health effects. Anthocyanins, on the other hand, undergo a complex metabolic pathway after their interaction with microbial and endogenous enzymes, forming a broad range of metabolites and catabolic products.

Influence of molecular weight fractionation on the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of a fucoidan rich-extract from the macroalgae Fucus vesiculosus.

The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of a fucoidan extract and subsequent fractions isolated from the macroalgae Fucus vesiculosus. The fractions obtained (>300 kDa, <300 kDa, <100 kDa, <50 kDa and <10 kDa) could inhibit the growth of B. subtilis, E.

The Effect of Carnosol, Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid on the Oxidative Stability of Fat-Filled Milk Powders throughout Accelerated Oxidation Storage.

The in vitro antioxidant effects of the most potent antioxidants of rosemary, namely carnosol, carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid (c: ca: ra) were assessed in fat-filled milk powders (FFMPs) under accelerated conditions (40 °C and relative humidity (RH) 23%) over 90 days. Lipid oxidation was assessed in FFMPs by measuring peroxide values (PVs), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and aroma volatiles using headspace (HS) solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant potency of c: ca: ra exhibited a concentration-related effect (308 ppm > 200 ppm > 77 ppm), with the highest concentration being the most effective at controlling the formation of TBARS and PVs.

Ultrasound processing of coffee silver skin, brewer's spent grain and potato peel wastes for phenolic compounds and amino acids: a comparative study.

Awareness towards utilizing food-processing by-products are increasing in health as well as environmental purview. Coffee silver skin (CSS), potato peel (PP) and brewer's spent grain (BSG) are voluminous by-products in their respective processing industries. The present study compared these three by-products for their prospective utilization in producing polyphenols-rich aqueous extracts by using ultrasound-assisted extractions (UAE).

High-Pressure Processing and Ultrasonication of Minimally Processed Potatoes: Effect on the Colour, Microbial Counts, and Bioactive Compounds.

HPP at 600 MPa alone, and in combination with US at 20 kHz (200 W), was applied to minimally processed potatoes of two commonly grown cultivars in Ireland. Changes in colour and microbial load (, total aerobic count, , yeasts, and moulds) were monitored in vacuum-packaged potatoes during 14 days of storage at 4 °C. HPP and HPP/US significantly ( < 0.

Phytochemicals in Food and Health.

Consumption of plant-based diets, rich in phytochemicals, has been associated with reduced risk of degenerative diseases, improved overall health and well-being [...

Anticholinesterase Activities of Different Solvent Extracts of Brewer's Spent Grain.

Cholinesterases, involved in acetylcholine catabolism in the central and peripheral nervous system, have been strongly linked with neurodegenerative diseases. Current therapeutic approaches using synthetic drugs present several side effects. Hence, there is an increasing research interest in naturally-occurring dietary polyphenols, which are also considered efficacious.

Shotgun proteomics for the preliminary identification of biomarkers of beef sensory tenderness, juiciness and chewiness from plasma and muscle of young Limousin-sired bulls.

Label free shotgun proteomics was used to analyse plasma and Longissimus muscle biopsies of Limousin-sired bulls, classified as 5 high-quality and 5 low-quality meat based on sensory texture traits (tenderness, juiciness and chewiness). A total of 31 putative protein biomarkers (16 in plasma and 15 in muscle) differed significantly in abundance between the two quality groups. The proteins were associated with muscle structure, energy metabolism, heat shock proteins, oxidative stress and proteolysis related pathways.

dvances in Wedd. Extract Research: In Vitro Antioxidant Activity, Antiproliferative Effects on Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells and Bioactive Compound Characterization.

Wedd. (AG) is traditionally used to treat gonorrhea or kidney's problems. The antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticholinesterase and in vitro antitumor activities of AG extracts were recently reported.

Involvement of the C-terminal domain in cell surface localization and G-protein coupling of mGluR6.

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6, mGluR6, interacts with scaffold proteins and Gβγ subunits via its intracellular C-terminal domain (CTD). The mGluR6 pathway is critically involved in the retinal processing of visual signals. We herein investigated whether the CTD (residues 840-871) was necessary for mGluR6 cell surface localization and G-protein coupling using mGluR6-CTD mutants with immunocytochemistry, surface biotinylation assays, and electrophysiological approaches.

Sprouted Barley Flour as a Nutritious and Functional Ingredient.

The increasing demand for healthy food products has promoted the use of germinated seeds to produce functional flours. In this study, germination conditions were optimized in barley grains with the aim to produce flours with high nutritional and biofunctional potential using response surface methodology (RSM). The impact of germination time (0.

Phytochemicals of Epling and Their Health-Promoting Bioactivities.

The genus belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and is an important South American mint genus used commonly in folk medicine as an aroma in cooking. The phytochemical-rich samples of the aerial parts of Epling. were tested for pharmacological and health-promoting bioactivities using in vitro chemical and enzymatic assays.