The Use of POCUS to Identify Subgaleal Fluid Collections and Intracranial Infections.

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has been useful in describing soft tissue infections, such as cellulitis and abscesses. There has been limited use of ultrasound to describe findings of intracranial infections, such as Pott's puffy tumor, in cases of forehead prominence and signs of infection. In this case series we present POCUS findings in 2 cases of intracranial infections and one case of soft tissue edema without intracranial involvement from a single pediatric tertiary care center.

Stimulation-Evoked Resonant Neural Activity in the Subthalamic Nucleus Is Modulated by Sleep.

Background: Deep brain stimulation is a treatment for advanced Parkinson's disease and currently tuned to target motor symptoms during daytime. Parkinson's disease is associated with multiple nocturnal symptoms such as akinesia, insomnia, and sleep fragmentation, which may require adjustments of stimulation during sleep for best treatment outcome.

Objectives: There is a need for a robust biomarker to guide stimulation titration across sleep stages.

Historic breeding practices contribute to germplasm divergence in leaf specialized metabolism and ecophysiology in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus).

Premise: The use of hybrid breeding systems to increase crop yields has been the cornerstone of modern agriculture and is exemplified in the breeding and improvement of cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus). However, it is poorly understood what effect supporting separate breeding pools in such systems, combined with continued selection for yield, may have on leaf ecophysiology and specialized metabolite variation.

Methods: We analyzed 288 lines of cultivated H.

Multidisciplinary Management of Morbidities Associated with Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) represents a common long-term complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). It imposes a significant morbidity burden and is the leading cause of non-relapse mortality among long-term HSCT survivors. cGVHD can manifest in nearly any organ, severely affecting the quality of life of a transplant survivor.

Ethical Considerations in the Management of Orthopedic Surgery Waste: Balancing Environmental Protection and Participant Safety.

The healthcare sector significantly contributes to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with orthopedic surgery generating substantial waste, including single-use devices and hazardous materials. These practices exacerbate climate change and environmental degradation. This article explores the environmental and ethical implications of waste management in orthopedic surgery, focusing on the need for sustainable practices.

From Pregnancy Pains to Paralysis: An Erroneous Intrathecal Digoxin Administration Case Report and Review of Medical Errors.

Digoxin is a Na-K ATPase inhibitor commonly used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation. It is only approved for oral or intravenous (IV) use. There is no approved indication for intrathecal administration.

Value of Dual Arterial Access for Improved Angiographic Control for Double-Lumen Arterial Balloon Onyx Embolization of Multifeeder Complex Cranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: A Technical Nuance.

Background: Here we describe our experience managing intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) via endovascular embolization using a transarterial embolization (TAE) technique with liquid embolic agents. We illustrate the technical nuance of using dual arterial access for angiographic control runs in complex DAVFs supplied by multiple feeders from 2 distinct arterial systems.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of intracranial DAVF embolization as a single treatment technique at our institution from 2013 to 2023.

Lung Ultrasound Score for Prediction of Surfactant Administration in Preterm Infants with Respiratory Failure.

Objective: We investigated the predictive value of a lung ultrasound score (LUS) for surfactant administration in a United States Level 4 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Study Design: Thirty infants born at <37 weeks gestational age with respiratory distress syndrome associated respiratory failure requiring continuous positive airway pressure were included. A LUS was obtained within six hours of life.

Comparative Evaluation of the Accuracy of Dynamic Navigation and Free Hand Methods During Zygomatic Implant Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To assess and compare the precision and predictability of zygomatic implants in atrophic maxilla using conventional and dynamic navigation methods. This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted in patients requiring zygomatic implant placements in the atrophic maxilla. Forty zygomatic implants were placed in systemically healthy individuals.

MDA5-autoimmunity and interstitial pneumonitis contemporaneous with the COVID-19 pandemic (MIP-C).

Background: Anti-MDA5 (Melanoma differentiation-associated protein-5) positive dermatomyositis (MDA5-DM) is characterised by rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD) and high mortality. MDA5 is an RNA sensor and a key pattern recognition receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of a surge in MDA5 autoimmunity, as determined using a 15 muscle-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) panel, between Janurary 2018 and December 2022 in Yorkshire, UK.

The Risk of Adhesive Bowel Obstruction in Children With Appendicitis: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Complicated appendicitis is associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications, including adhesive bowel obstruction. The aim of this meta-analysis is to investigate the difference in rates of postoperative bowel obstruction in paediatric patients with complicated versus simple appendicitis and whether this is influenced by the surgical approach.

Methods: A systematic literature search following PRISMA guidelines was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library for studies that analysed incidence of adhesive bowel obstruction in paediatric patients after appendicectomy.

Interactions between integrin α9β1 and VCAM-1 promote neutrophil hyperactivation and mediate poststroke DVT.

Venous thromboembolic events are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality in patients with stroke. Neutrophils are among the first cells in the blood to respond to stroke and are known to promote deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Integrin α9 is a transmembrane glycoprotein highly expressed on neutrophils and stabilizes neutrophil adhesion to activated endothelium via vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1).

Mid-term Results of Total Hip Arthroplasty for Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis after Acetabular Fracture.

Purpose: The prognosis of total hip replacement (THR) after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) versus THR following non-operative treatment of acetabular fractures is unclear. Few studies have been conducted in this regard. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to perform an assessment and compare the functional outcomes for study subjects in the ORIF and non-ORIF groups during the follow-up period compared to baseline.

Bailout Options for Intra-operative Implant and Instrumentation Related Incidents and Complications During Arthroscopic Knee Surgery-A Retrospective Study.

Background: Arthroscopic knee procedures are one amongst the common surgical interventions for problems in the knee. It is technically more demanding than an open procedure and is associated with several potential complications. During arthroscopy procedures, several technical challenges may arise, and even experienced surgeons may encounter new issues.

Can ChatGPT help patients answer their otolaryngology questions?

Background: Over the past year, the world has been captivated by the potential of artificial intelligence (AI). The appetite for AI in science, specifically healthcare is huge. It is imperative to understand the credibility of large language models in assisting the public in medical queries.

Cellular Senescence Program is Sensitive to Physical Differences in Polymeric Tissue Scaffolds.

A typical cellular senescence program involves exposing cells to DNA-damaging agents such as ionization radiation or chemotherapeutic drugs, which cause multipronged changes, including increased cell size and volume, the onset of enhanced oxidative stress, and inflammation. In the present study, we examined if the senescence onset decision is sensitive to the design, porosity, and architecture of the substrate. To address this, we generated a library of polymeric scaffolds widely used in tissue engineering of varied stiffness, architecture, and porosity.

Novel technique of predicting the dimensions of 5-stranded hamstring grafts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A descriptive study.

Background: Prediction of hamstring tendon autografts is essential when planning a ligament reconstruction surgery. This is especially important in cases of multiple ligament reconstruction surgeries. This study was designed to predict the dimensions of 5-stranded hamstring grafts from anthropometric parameters in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery.

The use of artificial dermal substitutes for repair of the donor site following harvesting of a radial forearm free flap: A systematic review.

Background: Artificial dermal substitutes (ADMs) have been trialled to improve outcomes at the donor site following the harvesting of a radial forearm free flap (RFFF). This systematic review compares donor site aesthetic and functional outcomes, with the use of an ADM versus conventional practice.

Methods: The databases Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (Core Collection), and Scopus were searched for retrospective, prospective, and case-control studies and randomised control trials (RCTs) involving any ADM.

Evaluating the Current Ability of ChatGPT to Assist in Professional Otolaryngology Education.

Objective: To quantify ChatGPT's concordance with expert Otolaryngologists when posed with high-level questions that require blending rote memorization and critical thinking.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: OpenAI's ChatGPT-3.

MDA5-autoimmunity and Interstitial Pneumonitis Contemporaneous with the COVID-19 Pandemic (MIP-C).

Background: Anti-MDA5 (Melanoma differentiation-associated protein-5) positive dermatomyositis (MDA5 -DM) is characterised by rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD) and high mortality. MDA5 senses single-stranded RNA and is a key pattern recognition receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of a surge in MDA5 autoimmunity, as determined using a 15 muscle-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) panel, between Janurary 2018-December 2022 in Yorkshire, UK.