Web-Based Information on Spinal Cord Stimulation: Qualitative Assessment of Publicly Accessible Online Resources.

Background: Despite the growing accessibility of web-based information related to spinal cord stimulation (SCS), the content and quality of commonly encountered websites remain unknown.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the content and quality of web-based information on SCS.

Methods: This qualitative study was prospectively registered in Open Science Framework.

From Toxin to Treatment: A Narrative Review on the Use of Botulinum Toxin for Autonomic Dysfunction.

Since its regulatory approval over a half-century ago, botulinum toxin has evolved from one of the most potent neurotoxins known to becoming routinely adopted in clinical practice. Botulinum toxin, a highly potent neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, can cause botulism illness, characterized by widespread muscle weakness due to inhibition of acetylcholine transmission at neuromuscular junctions. The observation of botulinum toxin's anticholinergic properties led to the investigation of its potential benefits for conditions with an underlying etiology of cholinergic transmission, including autonomic nervous system dysfunction.

Autonomic dysreflexia in urological practice: pathophysiology, prevention and treatment considerations.

Purpose: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to sensorimotor impairments; however, it can also be complicated by significant autonomic dysfunction, including cardiovascular and lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunctions. Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a dangerous cardiovascular complication of SCI often overlooked by healthcare professionals. AD is characterized by a sudden increase in blood pressure (BP) that can result in severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.

REPORT-SCS: minimum reporting standards for spinal cord stimulation studies in spinal cord injury.

Electrical spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has emerged as a promising therapy for recovery of motor and autonomic dysfunctions following spinal cord injury (SCI). Despite the rise in studies using SCS for SCI complications, there are no standard guidelines for reporting SCS parameters in research publications, making it challenging to compare, interpret or reproduce reported effects across experimental studies.To develop guidelines for minimum reporting standards for SCS parameters in pre-clinical and clinical SCI research, we gathered an international panel of expert clinicians and scientists.

Cardiovascular Effects of Spinal Cord Stimulation: The Highs, the Lows, and the Don't Knows.

Background And Objectives: There are many potential etiologies of impaired cardiovascular control, from chronic stress to neurodegenerative conditions or central nervous system lesions. Since 1959, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been reported to modulate blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and HR variability (HRV), yet the specific stimulation sites and parameters to induce a targeted cardiovascular (CV) change for mitigating abnormal hemodynamics remain unclear. To investigate the ability and parameters of SCS to modulate the CV, we reviewed clinical studies using SCS with reported HR, BP, or HRV findings.

Combining spinal neuromodulation and activity based neurorehabilitation therapy improves sensorimotor function in cerebral palsy.

Motor dysfunction in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) such as the inability to initiate voluntary movements, walking with compensatory movement patterns, and debilitating spasticity is due to the aberrant neural connectivity between the brain and spinal cord. We tested the efficacy of noninvasive spinal cord neuromodulation (SCiP™, SpineX Inc.) with activity-based neurorehabilitation therapy (ABNT) in improving the sensorimotor function in six children with CP.

sPinal cOrd neUromodulatioN to treat Cerebral palsy in pEdiatrics: POUNCE Multisite Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) affects up to 4 children in 1,000 live births, making it the most common motor disorder in children. It impairs the child's ability to move voluntarily and maintain balance and posture, and results in a wide range of other functional disorders during early development impairments in various sensory modalities, e.g.

The Microbiological Burden of Short-Term Catheter Reuse in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Prospective Study.

Despite the risk of developing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), catheter reuse is common among people with spinal cord injury (SCI). This study examined the microbiological burden and catheter surface changes associated with short-term reuse. Ten individuals with chronic SCI reused their catheters over 3 days.

Motor and autonomic concomitant health improvements with neuromodulation and exercise (MACHINE) training: a randomised controlled trial in individuals with spinal cord injury.

Introduction: Motor and autonomic dysfunctions are widespread among people with spinal cord injury (SCI), leading to poor health and reduced quality of life. Exercise interventions, such as locomotor training (LT), can promote sensorimotor and autonomic recovery post SCI. Recently, breakthroughs in SCI research have reported beneficial effects of electrical spinal cord stimulation (SCS) on motor and autonomic functions.

Effect of epidural spinal cord stimulation on female sexual function after spinal cord injury.

Sexual dysfunction is a common consequence for women with spinal cord injury (SCI); however, current treatments are ineffective, especially in the under-prioritized population of women with SCI. This case-series, a secondary analysis of the Epidural Stimulation After Neurologic Damage (E-STAND) clinical trial aimed to investigate the effect of epidural spinal cord stimulation (ESCS) on sexual function and distress in women with SCI. Three females, with chronic, thoracic, sensorimotor complete SCI received daily (24 h/day) tonic ESCS for 13 months.

Spinal Cord Stimulation Prevents Autonomic Dysreflexia in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Series.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in severe cardiovascular dysfunction due to the disruption of supraspinal control. Autonomic dysreflexia (AD), an uncontrolled rise in blood pressure in response to peripheral stimuli including common bowel routine, digital anorectal stimulation (DARS), reduces the quality of life, and increases morbidity and mortality. Recently, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has emerged as a potential intervention to mitigate unstable blood pressure following SCI.

No pain, no strain: Targin® mitigates pain and constipation following spinal cord injury.

Background: Opioids effectively reduce chronic pain, but present significant side effects including opioid-induced constipation. Oxycodone/naloxone decreases pain and constipation in cancer patients, however its effect on spinal cord injury population remains understudied.

Methods: We assessed whether oxycodone/naloxone reduces pain, constipation, and severity of autonomic dysreflexia in an individual with spinal cord injury.

Effects of non-invasive spinal cord stimulation on lower urinary tract, bowel, and sexual functions in individuals with chronic motor-complete spinal cord injury: Protocol for a pilot clinical trial.

Introduction: Electrical spinal cord neuromodulation has emerged as a leading intervention for restoring autonomic functions, such as blood pressure, lower urinary tract (LUT), bowel, and sexual functions, following spinal cord injury (SCI). While a few preliminary studies have shown the potential effect of non-invasive transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) on autonomic recovery following SCI, the optimal stimulation parameters, as well as real-time and long-term functional benefits of tSCS are understudied. This trial entitled "Non-invasive Neuromodulation to Treat Bladder, Bowel, and Sexual Dysfunction following Spinal Cord Injury" is a pilot trial to examine the feasibility, dosage effect and safety of tSCS on pelvic organ function for future large-scale randomized controlled trials.

May I Have This Dance: A Case-Series on the Acute Cardiometabolic Demand of Wheelchair Dancing in Recreational Dancers with Spinal Cord Injury.

Objectives: This case-series investigated energy expenditure, cardiovascular responses, and psychosocial outcomes during two wheelchair dancing routines with different tempos.

Methods: Three individuals with chronic, non-traumatic spinal cord injuries [males, mean age 42 (13) years, C3-T12, AIS D, schwannoma=1, poliomyelitis=1, ependymoma=1] performed slow (rumba, 80 bpm) and fast (salsa, 170 bpm) wheelchair dance routines. Physiological [heart rate, blood pressure, relative oxygen consumption (VO2), metabolic task equivalent] and psychosocial parameters [ratings of perceived exertion, enjoyment and Brunel Mood Score] were measured pre, during, and post-dancing.

When the whole is greater than the sum of its parts: a scoping review of activity-based therapy paired with spinal cord stimulation following spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in both motor and autonomic impairments, which can negatively affect independence and quality of life and increase morbidity and mortality. Despite emerging evidence supporting the benefits of activity-based training and spinal cord stimulation as two distinct interventions for sensorimotor and autonomic recovery, the combined effects of these modalities are currently uncertain. This scoping review evaluated the effectiveness of paired interventions (exercise + spinal neuromodulation) for improving sensorimotor and autonomic functions in individuals with SCI.

Are local analgesics effective in reducing autonomic dysreflexia in individuals with spinal cord injury? A systematic review.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Objectives: To systematically review the evidence on the use of local analgesics, specifically lidocaine or bupivacaine, to prevent autonomic dysreflexia (AD) during iatrogenic procedures or bowel and bladder care routines in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: A keyword search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Cochrane Reviews, PsycInfo, Embase, and Web of Science databases identified all English-language studies evaluating the efficacy of local analgesics in reducing AD.

Rectal Application of Lidocaine Reduces the Severity of Autonomic Dysreflexia following Experimental Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in devastating cardiovascular dysfunction. Noxious stimuli from the rectum during bowel routine often trigger life-threatening blood pressure surges, termed autonomic dysreflexia (AD). Rectal application of anesthetic lidocaine jelly has been recommended during bowel care to reduce AD severity by mitigating sensory input.

Cannabis health survey on usage in women with spinal cord injury and knowledge among physicians: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) report using cannabis to self-manage chronic pain and spasticity. However, its safety and efficacy are not well understood. As more women with SCI are pursuing motherhood, clinicians must consider the possibility of maternal cannabis use and its impact on fetal development.