Long-term survival with repeated resections of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in a non-cirrhotic liver: case report and brief review of the literature.

A healthy and asymptomatic 55-year-old woman underwent a complete (R0) non-anatomical resection of an incidentally detected solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a non-cirrhotic liver. Six years following the initial R0 non-anatomical resection, intrahepatic recurrence was diagnosed and the patient underwent a second R0 non-anatomical resection. At 12.

Surgical management of acute cholecystitis.

Background: Acute cholecystitis occurs in approximately 1% of patients with known gallstones. It presents as a surgical emergency and usually requires hospitalisation for treatment. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in the elderly.

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness of somatostatin analogues for pancreatic surgery: a Cochrane review.

Background: The use of synthetic analogues of somatostatin following pancreatic surgery is controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis is to determine whether prophylactic somatostatin analogues (SAs) should be used routinely in pancreatic surgery.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials were identified from the Cochrane Library Trials Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index Expanded and reference lists.

Inflammatory pseudotumour of the liver: the residuum of a biliary cystadenoma?

Inflammatory pseudotumour is a rare form of a liver mass. We report the case of a 28-year-old man presenting with obstructive jaundice, in whom an inflammatory pseudotumour arose with the resolution of a mucus secreting cystic liver lesion. The initial features suggested an intrahepatic cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma, which on its involution left a solid mass.

The role of thiols in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Thiol-containing compounds have an essential role in many biochemical reactions due to their ability to be easily oxidised and then quickly regenerated. Main representatives are glutathione, lipoic acid and thioredoxin which are synthesised de novo in mammalian cells. N-acetylcysteine and Bucillamine are synthetic thiols which have been administered in experimental and clinical studies for treatment of conditions associated with oxidative stress.

Nitric oxide synthase distribution and expression with ischemic preconditioning of the rat liver.

This study was undertaken to identify nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms responsible for the generation of cytoprotective NO during liver ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 45 min lobar ischemia followed by 2 h reperfusion. L-arginine or Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was administered to stimulate or block NO synthesis.

Effect of ischaemic preconditioning on hepatic oxygenation, microcirculation and function in a rat model of moderate hepatic steatosis.

IPC (ischaemic preconditioning) may protect the steatotic liver, which is particularly susceptible to I/R (ischaemia/reperfusion) injury. Hepatic steatosis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats with a high-cholesterol (2%) diet for 12 weeks after which rats were subjected to I/R (ischaemia/reperfusion; 45 min of lobar ischaemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion). Rats were divided into three study groups (n=6 each) receiving: (i) sham laparotomy alone, (ii) I/R, and (iii) IPC (5 min of ischaemia, followed by 10 min of reperfusion) before I/R.

Protection of the liver by ischemic preconditioning: a review of mechanisms and clinical applications.

Ischemic preconditioning refers to the endogenous mechanism of protection against a sustained ischemic insult following an initial, brief ischemic stimulus. Ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in liver surgery and transplantation and ischemic preconditioning is a promising strategy for improving the outcome of liver surgery. The preconditioning phenomenon was first described in a canine model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in 1986 and since then has been shown to exist in other organs including skeletal muscle, brain, kidneys, retina and liver.

Effect of ischemic preconditioning on hepatic microcirculation and function in a rat model of ischemia reperfusion injury.

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) may protect the liver from ischemia reperfusion injury by nitric oxide formation. This study has investigated the effect of ischemic preconditioning on hepatic microcirculation (HM), and the relationship between nitric oxide metabolism and HM in preconditioning. Rats were allocated to 5 groups: 1.

The relationship of hepatic tissue oxygenation with nitric oxide metabolism in ischemic preconditioning of the liver.

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) may increase the hepatic tolerance of ischemic injury during liver surgery and transplantation via nitric oxide (NO) formation. This study investigates the effect of IPC on hepatic tissue oxygenation and the role of NO stimulation and inhibition on the preconditioning effect in the rat liver. Study groups had 1) sham laparotomy; 2) 45-min lobar liver ischemia and 2-h reperfusion (IR); 3) IPC with 5-min ischemia and 10-min reperfusion before IR; 4) L-arginine before IR; and 5) Nw-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) + IPC before IR.