Preoperative risk factors for postoperative cardiac arrest following primary total hip and knee arthroplasty: A large database study.

Background: Cardiac arrest (CA) has been identified as a potential complication following Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) and Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). This retrospective, case-controlled study aims to identify risk factors in order to improve the management of patients undergoing THA or TKA with known preoperative comorbidities.

Methods: CPT codes were used to investigate the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database for patients who underwent THA or TKA from 2010 to 2017.

Distal Esophageal Impedance Measured by High-resolution Esophageal Manometry With Impedance Suggests the Presence of Barrett's Esophagus.

Background/aims: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is characterized by intestinal metaplasia in the distal esophagus. The aims of this study are to: (1) Compare baseline distal esophageal impedance (DEI) using high-resolution esophageal manometry with impedance (HREMI) in patients with BE, esophagitis, and healthy volunteers and (2) Correlate length of low impedance on HREMI in patients with BE to the length of endoscopic BE.

Methods: Patients with BE or esophagitis who underwent HREMI were included.

Multiple Rapid Swallows (MRS) Complements Single-Swallow (SS) Analysis for High-Resolution Esophageal Manometry (HREM).

Background: Multiple rapid swallows (MRS) during HREM assess post-deglutitive inhibition, LES relaxation, and subsequent esophageal contraction.

Aims: (1) To determine the relationship between MRS and single-swallow (SS) responses and (2) to determine if MRS provides information for symptomatic patients.

Methods: Healthy volunteers (HVs) and patients underwent HREM [30-s landmark, ten 5-mL SS, MRS (5 consecutive 2-mL swallows every 2-3 s)] and were analyzed with ManoView software version 3 with CC version 3.

Active presynaptic ribosomes in the mammalian brain, and altered transmitter release after protein synthesis inhibition.

Presynaptic neuronal activity requires the localization of thousands of proteins that are typically synthesized in the soma and transported to nerve terminals. Local translation for some dendritic proteins occurs, but local translation in mammalian presynaptic nerve terminals is difficult to demonstrate. Here, we show an essential ribosomal component, 5.

Elevated methane levels in small intestinal bacterial overgrowth suggests delayed small bowel and colonic transit.

Limited research exists regarding the relationship between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), small bowel transit (SBT), and colonic transit (CT). Furthermore, symptom analysis is limited between the subtypes of SIBO: hydrogen producing (H-SIBO) and methane producing (M-SIBO). The primary aims of this study are to: compare the SBT and CT in patients with a positive lactulose breath test (LBT) to those with a normal study; compare the SBT and CT among patients with H-SIBO or M-SIBO; compare the severity of symptoms in patients with a positive LBT to those with a normal study; compare the severity of symptoms among patients with H-SIBO or M-SIBO.

Gastric Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy (G-POEM) for the Treatment of Refractory Gastroparesis: Early Experience.

Background: Gastric per oral endoscopic myotomy (G-POEM) of the pylorus is a technique that is recently being used to treat gastroparesis. Our aim was to report our experience in performing G-POEM for refractory gastroparesis of different etiologies and determine symptom improvement.

Methods: Thirteen patients undergoing G-POEM are reported.

Post-Fundoplication Dumping Syndrome: A Frequent "Rare" Complication.

Gastroparesis, caused by delayed emptying of the stomach, has been shown to be associated with Nissen fundoplication. However, symptomatic rapid emptying of the stomach is rare after Nissen fundoplication, and its treatment is often challenging. We report 2 patients with dumping-like syndrome post-fundoplication with marked improvement of symptoms after dietary management and medical treatment.

Review: The Role of Cannabinoids on Esophageal Function-What We Know Thus Far.

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) primarily consists of cannabinoid receptors (CBRs), endogenous ligands, and enzymes for endocannabinoid biosynthesis and inactivation. Although the presence of CBRs, both CB and CB, as well as a third receptor (G-protein receptor 55 [GPR55]), has been established in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, few studies have focused on the role of cannabinoids on esophageal function. To date, studies have shown their effect on GI motility, inflammation and immunity, intestinal and gastric acid secretion, nociception and emesis pathways, and appetite control.

Mirtazapine for symptom control in refractory gastroparesis.

Introduction: Gastroparesis symptoms can be severe and debilitating. Many patients do not respond to currently available treatments. Mirtazapine has been shown in case reports to reduce symptoms in gastroparesis.

Biofeedback therapy for chronic constipation in a patient with Prader-Willi syndrome.

Constipation is a common feature of Prader-Willi syndrome. Research exploring the prevalence, cause and treatment options for constipation is limited and lacks objective measurements such as anorectal manometry. We report a case of a 16-year-old lady with Prader-Willi syndrome presenting with rectal pain and constipation for 2 years despite multiple medications and weekly enemas.

The Alzheimer's questionnaire: a proof of concept study for a new informant-based dementia assessment.

The aim of this pilot study is to determine the feasibility and clinical utility of a brief, informant-based screening questionnaire for Alzheimer's disease (AD) that can be administered in a primary care setting. The Alzheimer's Questionnaire (AQ) was administered to the informants of 188 patients in 3 dementia clinics (50 cognitively normal, 69 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 69 AD). Total score for the AQ is based upon the sum of clinical symptom items in which the informant responds as being present.

Anti-M: Report of two cases and review of literature.

Anti-M is a fairly common naturally occurring antibody with rarely causing hemolytic transfusion reactions or hemolytic disease of the newborn. Most anti-M are not active at 37 degrees C and can generally be ignored in transfusion practice. However, we did not find this antibody to be fairly common and detected only two cases of anti-M in the past three years.