Chlorpheniramine Maleate Throat Spray for the Treatment of COVID-19-Induced Acute Viral Pharyngitis: Case Series.

Acute viral pharyngitis (AVP) is a common respiratory illness affecting many individuals. Despite symptomatic treatment management of AVP, therapies are lacking to target a broad spectrum of viruses and the inflammatory nature of the disease. Available for many years, Chlorpheniramine Maleate (CPM), is considered a low-cost and safe first-generation antihistamine displaying antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, and as of recently, identified as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent with activity against influenzas A/B viruses and SARS-CoV-2.

Ethnic differences exist in sleepiness 3 Months after ischemic stroke.

Objective/background: To examine the association between ethnicity and 90-day post-stroke subjective sleepiness, an important determinant of quality of life, as measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), among ischemic stroke survivors.

Patients/methods: Mexican American (MA) and non-Hispanic white (NHW) recent ischemic stroke patients were identified from the population-based Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project (2010-2016). Subjects completed a baseline interview and 90-day outcome assessment that included the ESS.

An Update on the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Cardiorenal Syndrome.

Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) encompasses various disorders of the heart and kidneys; dysfunction of one organ leads to acute or chronic dysfunction of the other. It incorporates the intersection of heart-kidney interactions across several mediums, hemodynamically, through the alterations in neurohormonal markers, and increased venous and renal pressure, all of which are hallmarks of its clinical phenotypes. This article explores the epidemiology, pathology, classification and treatment of each type of CRS.

Incidence of Immediate Extubation After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery and Predictors for Reintubation.

Objectives: The objectives were to assess the incidence of immediate tracheal extubation in the operating room after pediatric cardiac surgery and to investigate predictors for subsequent reintubation.

Methods: This is a single institutional retrospective study including all patients who had a cardiac operation with cardiopulmonary bypass from 2011 to 2016. Patients who required preoperative ventilator support, postoperative open chest, or mechanical support were excluded.

Trauma Boot Camp: A Simulation-Based Pilot Study.

Introduction: Interns are often unprepared to effectively communicate in the acute trauma setting. Despite the many strengths of the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) program, the main shortcoming within the course is the deficiency of teamwork and leadership training. In this study, we describe the creation of an interdisciplinary boot camp in which interns' basic trauma knowledge, level of confidence, and teamwork skills are assessed.

Emergency medicine residency boot Camp curriculum: a pilot study.

Introduction: Establishing a boot camp curriculum is pertinent for emergency medicine (EM) residents in order to develop proficiency in a large scope of procedures and leadership skills. In this article, we describe our program's EM boot camp curriculum as well as measure the confidence levels of resident physicians through a pre- and post-boot camp survey.

Methods: We designed a one-month boot camp curriculum with the intention of improving the confidence, procedural performance, leadership, communication and resource management of EM interns.

Association of Hematocrit and Red Blood Cell Transfusion with Outcomes in Infants Undergoing Norwood Operation.

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and hematocrit values with outcomes in infants undergoing Norwood operation. This study included infants ≤2 months of age who underwent Norwood operation with either a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt or a right ventricle-pulmonary artery shunt. Demographics, preoperative, operative, daily laboratory data, and postoperative variables were collected.

Association of haematocrit and red blood cell transfusion with outcomes in infants with shunt-dependent pulmonary blood flow and univentricular physiology.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and haematocrit values with outcomes in infants with univentricular physiology undergoing surgery for a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt.

Material And Methods: This study included infants ≤ 2 months of age who underwent modified Blalock-Taussig shunt surgery at the Arkansas Children's Hospital (2006-2012). Infants undergoing a Norwood operation or Damus-Kaye-Stansel operation with modified Blalock-Taussig shunt were excluded.

Delayed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children after cardiac surgery: two-institution experience.

Objective: There are limited data on the outcomes of children receiving delayed (≥7 days) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after cardiac surgery. The primary aim of this project is to identify the aetiology and outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children receiving delayed (≥7 days) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after cardiac surgery.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all children ≤18 years supported with delayed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after cardiac surgery between the period January, 2001 and March, 2012 at the Arkansas Children's Hospital, United States of America, and Royal Children's Hospital, Australia.

Characteristics and hemodynamic effects of extubation failure in children undergoing complete repair for tetralogy of Fallot.

This study aimed to identify the prevalence, etiology, and outcomes of extubation failure in children after complete repair for tetralogy of Fallot at a single tertiary-care, academic children's hospital. The secondary aim of this study was to determine the cardiorespiratory effects of the transition from positive-pressure ventilation to spontaneous breathing in children with extubation success and extubation failure. For this study, extubation was defined as the need for reintubation within 96 h after extubation.