Emerging role of vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for retinal venous occlusions and need for public health measures for its prevention.

Purpose: To estimate levels of serum vitamin D in patients of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and compare with age- and sex-matched controls.

Methods: A prospective case-control study of 54 patients of RVO and 54 age- and sex-matched attendants of patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Delhi was performed. Patients on vitamin D supplementations and RVO due to infective or immunological causes or patients of glaucoma were excluded.

Low Dose Atropine in Preventing the Progression of Childhood Myopia: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To study the efficacy of low dose atropine (0.01%) eye drops in preventing myopia progression in children by comparing the mean change in spherical equivalent (diopter) and axial length (mm) over a period of one year to a control group and study its effect on near vision, pupil size, keratometry and pachymetry.

Methods: 200 eyes of 100 myopic children were randomized into two groups based on a computer-generated random number table.

Epiploic Appendagitis: A Riddle for Right Lower Quadrant Pain!

Epiploic appendagitis (EA) is inflammation of epiploic appendages, which are pedunculated fatty structures, extend from the cecum to the rectosigmoid junction, and are covered by the peritoneum. Torsion, infarction, and inflammation of it present with acute lower abdominal pain and localized tenderness in a well-looking patient. It poses as diagnostic conundrum due to its rarity and not picked by conventional radiography.

Inverted Meckel's diverticulum: a case report.

Background: Inverted Meckel's diverticulum refers to the condition in which the diverticulum inverts on itself. The reasons for such an inversion are poorly understood due to the rarity of the condition. We present a case of inverted Meckel's diverticulum, an uncommon finding, as a cause of recurrent intussusception.

Negative pressure wound therapy in grade 1 and 2 diabetic foot ulcers: A randomized controlled study.

Background And Aims: Foot ulcers are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among diabetics in India. Early diagnosis and timely management is vital in preventing the progression of the disease which may require amputation. Conventional methods take a long time for healing.

Emerging Spectrum of Perforation Peritonitis in Developing World.

Gastrointestinal perforations constitute a major cause of patients with acute abdomen pain coming to the surgery emergency room. Incidence, site of perforation, and age is different in the developing world and is showing new trends. The etiological spectrum in the developing world is different from the western world.

Role of Salivary Biomarkers in Predicting Significant Traumatic Brain Injury: An Exploratory Study.

Objectives: The highest rates of traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related morbidity and mortality occur in young children and adolescents. The objective of this study was to describe the levels of 3 biomarkers (S100B, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neuron-specific enolase) in saliva of children with TBI requiring inpatient admission at a pediatric trauma center and compare these levels in children without TBI.

Methods: A convenience sample of 24 children aged 0 to 18 years, presenting with acute isolated TBI, was enrolled prospectively.

Acute Intestinal Obstruction Due to Ileocolic Intussusception in an Adult; A Rare Presentation of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor.

BACKGROUND Intussusception is not very common in adults, and acute intestinal obstruction with intussusception due to inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is extremely rare. IMT is an uncommon lesion and has no single defined cause. It predominantly affects the pediatric age group and commonly involves the lungs.

Cystic Lymphangioma of the Greater Omentum: A Case of Partial Spontaneous Regression and Review of the Literature.

Unlabelled: . Omental cysts are a part of cystic lymphangiomas and are benign proliferations of ectopic lymphatics without a communication with the normal lymphatic system. They commonly involve the neck in the pediatric population and are uncommon at other sites and occur rarely in adults.

Measurement of salivary cortisol level for the diagnosis of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency in children.

Objective: To compare serum total, serum free and salivary cortisol in critically ill children.

Design: Prospective observational cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary pediatric critical care unit at Ronald McDonald Children's Hospital at Loyola University Medical Center.

Profiling of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) proteins in insulin signaling pathway.

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) enzyme plays a vital role in the insulin signaling pathway as well as in other pathways that are involved in the growth, migration, and survival of cells. In the insulin signaling pathway, PI3K proteins that include p50α, p85α, p85β, p55γ, p110α, p110β, and p110γ are associated with the critical node-2. This study has used bioinformatic tools to understand phylogenetics, conservation patterns, conserved domains, orientation of residues, and interactions among PI3K proteins.

Measurement of the glucocorticoid receptor: relevance to the diagnosis of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency in children.

Diagnosis and management of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI) in children continues to remain difficult and controversial in that no consensus for either exists among pediatric critical care physicians. Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency is defined as a corticosteroid response that is inadequate for the severity of the illness experienced by the patient. Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency manifests as an insufficient corticosteroid mediated down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines, due to either corticosteroid tissue resistance and/or inadequate circulating levels of cortisol.

Extensive sinovenous thrombosis and hemorrhagic infarction during therapy for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Sinovenous thrombosis (SVT) is a well-recognized and serious complication in children treated for acute leukemia. This frequently occurs during or immediately upon completion of induction therapy and is commonly attributed to asparaginase therapy.Headache is the first and most common clinical symptom to occur during the early development of SVT.

Surfactant administration prior to one lung ventilation: physiological and inflammatory correlates in a piglet model.

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that surfactant, when given prophylactically during one lung ventilation (OLV), improves physiological stability and reduces inflammation.

Methods: Prospective controlled animal study. After 30 min of mechanical ventilation, surfactant was administered to the left lung of the treatment group.