Systemic Therapy Update on Lutetium-PSMA-617 for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: ASCO Rapid Recommendation.

.

Evaluation of the Durability of the Immune Humoral Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients With Cancer Undergoing Treatment or Who Received a Stem Cell Transplant.

Importance: The durability of the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer undergoing treatment or who received a stem cell transplant is unknown and may be associated with infection outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (anti-RBD) and neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses to COVID-19 vaccines longitudinally over 6 months in patients with cancer undergoing treatment or who received a stem cell transplant (SCT).

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this prospective, observational, longitudinal cross-sectional study of 453 patients with cancer undergoing treatment or who received an SCT at the University of Kansas Cancer Center in Kansas City, blood samples were obtained before 433 patients received a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273), after the first dose of the mRNA vaccine, and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after the second dose.

Overall survival based on oncologist density in the United States: A retrospective cohort study.

Medically underserved areas (MUA) or health professional shortage areas (HPSA) designations are based on primary care health services availability. These designations are used in recruiting international medical graduates (IMGs) trained in primary care or subspecialty (e.g.

Metastatic Plasmacytoid Bladder Cancer Harboring a CDH-1 Mutation and Producing High Levels of CA 19-9. A Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) is a rare and aggressive variant of urothelial cancers. Herein, we report a patient with CDH-1 mutated PUC who presented with disseminated peritoneal metastasis and high levels of CA 19-9. CASE REPORT A 65-year-old female presented to the hospital with vomiting, obstructive jaundice, and acute renal failure.

Thirty-day readmissions due to Venous thromboembolism in patients discharged with syncope.

A recent study found that approximately 1 in every 6 patients hospitalized for the 1st episode of syncope had an underlying pulmonary embolism (PE). As current guidelines do not strongly emphasize evaluation for PE in the workup of syncope, we hypothesize that there might be a higher rate of 30-day readmission due to untreated venous thromboembolism (VTE). The objective of this study is to measure the 30-day readmission rate due to VTE and identify predictors of 30-day readmission with VTE among syncope patients.

Reversal of the Warburg phenomenon in chemoprevention of prostate cancer by sulforaphane.

Inhibition of metabolic re-programming represents an attractive approach for prevention of prostate cancer. Studies have implicated increased synthesis of fatty acids or glycolysis in pathogenesis of human prostate cancers. We have shown previously that prostate cancer prevention by sulforaphane (SFN) in Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model is associated with inhibition of fatty acid metabolism.

Trends of Inpatient Venous Thromboembolism in United States Before and After the Surgeon General's Call to Action.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States (US). The increasing rates of VTE in the US resulted in the surgeon general issuing a call to action to reduce VTE in 2008. The objective of our study was to analyze the national trends of inpatient VTE in the US from 2004 to 2013 (5 years before and after 2008).

Adjuvant Therapy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer and Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

This article summarizes the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and upper urinary tract.

A prolonged response to platinum-based therapy in a patient with metastatic urothelial carcinoma harboring a single rearranged and truncated NF2 gene.

Tumor genome sequencing has become an invaluable resource in determining targets for new therapies. In this report, we describe the case of a patient with metastatic urothelial carcinoma with sarcomatoid features. Sarcomatoid differentiation is a rare histologic subtype that confers a more aggressive course.

High-dose interleukin 2 in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid features.

Background: High-dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2) is used in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and has an overall response rate (ORR) of 12-20% and a complete response rate (CR) of 8% in unselected populations with predominantly clear cell type renal cell carcinoma. Nearly 10-15% of patients with renal cell carcinoma exhibit sarcomatoid differentiation, a feature which correlates with a median overall survival (OS) of 9 months and overall poor prognosis. We report a single institution experience with 21 patients with mRCC with sarcomatoid features post-nephrectomy who were treated with HD IL-2.

Complete biochemical response after pulmonary metastasectomy in prostate adenocarcinoma.

Background: Prostate cancer most commonly metastasizes to bones or lymph nodes, and metastatic prostate cancer is suggestive of disseminated disease. Metastatic disease is usually not amenable to surgery.

Case Presentation: The current report presents a unique case of in which the excision of a solitary pulmonary metastasis resulted in undetectable prostate-specific antigen.

Immunotherapy in genitourinary malignancies.

Treatment of cancer patients involves a multidisciplinary approach including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Traditionally, patients with metastatic disease are treated with combination chemotherapies or targeted agents. These cytotoxic agents have good response rates and achieve palliation; however, complete responses are rarely seen.

Tyrosine Kinase and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibitors in the Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: Practical Clinical Implications of Pharmacologic Features.

The development of multiple vascular endothelial growth factor- and mammalian target of rapamycin-targeted therapies in advanced renal cell carcinoma has resulted in significant clinical benefit. However, the availability of multiple treatment options has led to a more complicated clinical decision-making process. Prognostic factors have been incorporated into the inclusion criteria for pivotal clinical trials and have thus provided some guidance regarding the selection and sequencing of therapy.

Annual Hospital Volume of High Dose Interleukin-2 and Inpatient Mortality in Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients.

Background: Immunotherapy using high dose interleukin-2 (HD IL2) in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and melanoma is associated with severe toxicities. The association between annual hospital volume of HD IL2 and inpatient mortality is not well studied. In this study we aim to quantify the impact of annual hospital volume of HD IL2 on inpatient mortality using National Inpatient Sample (NIS) data.

Broccoli-Derived Sulforaphane and Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer: From Bench to Bedside.

Sulforaphane (SFN) is a metabolic by product of cruciferous vegetables and is the biologically active phytochemical found in high concentrations in broccoli. It has been studied extensively for its anticancer efficacy and the underlying mechanisms using cell culture and preclinical models. The immediate precursor of SFN is glucoraphanin, a glucosinolate which requires metabolic conversion to SFN.

5α-Reductase inhibition coupled with short off cycles increases survival in the LNCaP xenograft prostate tumor model on intermittent androgen deprivation therapy.

Purpose: Intermittent androgen deprivation therapy in patients with prostate specific antigen progression after localized prostate cancer treatment is an alternative to standard continuous androgen deprivation therapy. Intermittent androgen deprivation therapy allows for testosterone recovery during off cycles. This stimulates regrowth and differentiation of the regressed prostate tumor, lessens the side effects of continuous androgen deprivation therapy and potentially prolongs survival.

Renal medullary carcinoma: case report of an aggressive malignancy with near-complete response to dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin chemotherapy.

Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) is a rare but aggressive malignancy affecting young individuals with sickle cell trait. Renal medullary carcinoma commonly presents with advanced or metastatic disease and is associated with a rapidly progressive clinical course and an extremely short overall survival measured in weeks to few months. Due to the rarity of RMC, there is no proven effective therapy and patients are often treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.

The potential roles of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-MET pathway inhibitors in cancer treatment.

MET is located on chromosome 7q31 and is a proto-oncogene that encodes for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. HGF, also known as scatter factor (SF), is the only known ligand for MET. MET is a master regulator of cell growth and division (mitogenesis), mobility (motogenesis), and differentiation (morphogenesis); it plays an important role in normal development and tissue regeneration.

Improving intermittent androgen deprivation therapy: lessons learned from basic and translational research.

Intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (IADT) is an alternative to continuous androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer patients with nonmetastatic disease. ADT is associated with numerous side effects such as hot flashes, sexual dysfunction, anemia, fatigue, loss of muscle mass, osteoporosis, metabolic syndrome and premature cardiovascular disease. IADT was developed with the intention of improving the quality of life and to delay progression of prostate cancer to castration resistance.

Targeted inhibition of ATR or CHEK1 reverses radioresistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells with distal chromosome arm 11q loss.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), is the eighth most common cancer in the U.S..

Upregulation of the ATR-CHEK1 pathway in oral squamous cell carcinomas.

The ATR-CHEK1 pathway is upregulated and overactivated in Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) cells, which lack functional ATM protein. Loss of ATM in AT confers radiosensitivity, although ATR-CHEK1 pathway overactivation compensates, leads to prolonged G(2) arrest after treatment with ionizing radiation (IR), and partially reverses the radiosensitivity. We observed similar upregulation of the ATR-CHEK1 pathway in a subset of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines with ATM loss.