Laparoscopic treatment of duplicate gallbladder with acute cholecystitis.

Duplication of gallbladder is a rare congenital anomaly of the extrahepatic biliary tract. Patients with duplicate gallbladder who develop symptoms due to gallstones require surgery. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in such cases is challenging due to altered biliary anatomy.

A rare case of post-splenectomy gastric volvulus managed by laparoscopic anterior gastropexy.

We report an extremely rare case of recurrent gastric volvulus after open splenectomy for hereditary spherocytosis. The initial episode was managed by endoscopic derotation. Later, for recurrent symptoms, she was successfully managed by laparoscopic anterior gastropexy.

Laparoscopic-assisted enterolithotomy for gallstone ileus.

Gallstone ileus is a rare complication of cholelithiasis seen usually in elderly population with comorbidities. Most of the cases present as acute intestinal obstruction with the diagnosis being made intraoperatively. There exists controversy regarding appropriate emergency surgical treatment of gallstone ileus as to whether biliary tract surgery should be done during the first operation.

Pancreatic glucagonoma with pancreatic calcification.

Background: Glucagonoma is an uncommon type of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor [NET] which is characterized by diabetes mellitus, necrolytic migratory erythema, depression and deep vein thrombosis. The typical rash is often misdiagnosed and the diagnosis is delayed by 7-8 years. Pancreatic NETs and other pancreatic tumors are known to show calcifications within the tumor but calcification of the remaining normal pancreas is very uncommon.

Adult onset nesidioblastosis treated by subtotal pancreatectomy.

Context: Nesidioblastosis is a rare cause of non insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemic syndrome seen in adults. It is characterized by postprandial hypoglycemia with high insulin and C-peptide levels without any detectable pancreatic lesion. The definitive diagnosis can be made only on histopathological examination of the resected specimen.

Rectal adenocarcinoma in an adult with imperforate anus at birth.

A 43-year-old man with imperforate anus surgically corrected at birth presented with bleeding per rectum and constipation. On investigations, there was an adenocarcinoma at 2 cm from anal verge involving mid and lower rectum. He underwent abdominoperineal resection.