Switch to aflibercept in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: 30-month results.

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate visual function and changes in the central macular thickness of patients with unresponsive neovascular age-related macular degeneration who were switched from ranibizumab (Lucentis®) to aflibercept (Eylea®) treatment at 30 months.

Methods: This retrospective study examined patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration who were switched to aflibercept after ≥6 previous intravitreal ranibizumab injections at 4- to 8-week intervals. All patients were switched to intravitreal aflibercept (2.

Inner Retinal Layer Disease: Multiple Sclerosis.

Objectives: This study was an analysis of the retinal layer thickness in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: A total of 42 patients diagnosed in the neurology clinic with MS according to the McDonald Criteria and 21 healthy individuals were included in the study and 4 groups were created. The first group comprised 21 eyes of 21 MS patients without eye involvement, the second group was made up of 21 eyes of 21 MS patients with a history of optic neuritis, the third group included the other eye of patients in the second group without a history of optic neuritis, and the fourth group was a control group of 21 eyes of 21 healthy individuals.

Dexamethasone intravitreal implant in the crystalline lens: a case report.

This report describes the therapeutic effects and outcomes of an accidental injection of an intralenticular sustained-release dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex®) in three patients with diabetic macular edema. All three patients underwent accidental injections of sustained-release intravitreal dexamethasone implants into the crystalline lens by the same surgeon. After the accidental injection of Ozurdex® into the crystalline lens, a remarkable reduction in the macular edema and an improvement in visual acuity were observed, suggesting that a positive outcome can be achieved without immediate surgery.

Thiol/disulfide homeostasis in retinitis pigmentosa patients.

Purpose: This research is aimed at determination of total oxidant status, total antioxidant status, serum thiol-disulfide, catalase, albumin, ischemia-modified albumin, and ceruloplasmin in patients suffering from retinitis pigmentosa and drawing a comparison with these parameters determined from healthy controls.

Methods: The study involved 35 patients of retinitis pigmentosa and 33 controls who were healthy individuals of comparable gender and age. Native thiol, total thiol, disulfide concentration, disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol, native thiol/total thiol ratios, total oxidant status, total antioxidant status, catalase, ceruloplasmin, albumin, and ischemia-modified albumin were determined from peripheral blood samples and comparison was drawn between the measurements of retinitis pigmentosa and controls.

Anticataractogenic effect of betaine in chick embryo hydrocortisone-induced cataract model.

Background & Objectives: Cataract is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. The aim of the present study was to investigate anticataractogenic effect of betaine in chick embryo hydrocortisone (HC)-induced cataract model.

Methods: The study included 60 fertilized eggs divided into six groups each having 10 eggs: one group treated with only HC (HC group); three treated with both HC and different doses of betaine (HC/B 1.

Comparison of pain during intravitreal dexamethasone, ranibizumab and aflibercept injection.

Background: This study aimed to compare pain scores of patients during intravitreal aflibercept, ranibizumab or dexamethasone implant injection procedures.

Methods: This study included 162 eyes of 162 patients, who received intravitreal ranibizumab, aflibercept or dexamethasone implant injections at our clinic. Following the injection, patients were asked to rate their pain from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain) using a visual analogue pain score survey (VAS).

Relationship between SIRT1 gene expression level and disease in age-related cataract cases.

Background/aim: Age-related cataract is the most important visual impairment all over the world. Epigenetic modifications, especially overexpression of histone deacetylases, have become the focus of interest for cataract development in recent years. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a class II histone deacetylase and a member of the sirtuin family, is one of the best-characterized histone deacetylases and has a pivotal role in age-related diseases.

The novel model: Experimental optical coherence tomography-guided anterior segment imaging chick embryo model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present an experimental optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided anterior segment (AS) imaging chick embryo model. Through this model, we aimed to reveal similarities and differences between human cornea, AS tissues, and chick embryo tissues by quantitative image analysis.

Methods: Ex vivo, the chick embryos' globes were determined by detailed AS camera of spectral-domain (SD)-OCT in 10 fertilized specific pathogen-free eggs on the 20 day.

Comparison of anterior segment measurements using Sirius Topographer and Nidek Axial Length-Scan with assessing repeatability in patients with cataracts.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate anterior segment measurements obtained using CSO Sirius Topographer (CSO, Firenze, Italy) and Nidek Axial Length (AL)-Scan (Nidek CO., Gamagori, Japan).

Methods: A total of 43 eyes of 43 patients were included in this prospective study.

Repeatability and reproducibility of automatic segmentation of retinal layers in healthy subjects using Spectralis optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of automatic segmentation in healthy subjects using a Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) system.

Methods: A total of 60 eyes from 60 patients were included in this prospective study. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images were generated using the Spectralis OCT system.

Lens opacities in children using methylphenidate hydrochloride.

Purpose: To assess clinical findings of eye examination in children having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) administered with methylphenidate hydrochloride.

Methods: Fifty-seven consecutive patients diagnosed of ADHD and administered with oral methylphenidate hydrochloride treatment for at least one year were involved in this study (Group 1). Sixty healthy subjects (Group 2) having demographic features similar to group 1 were involved as a control group.

Effect of smoking on the thickness of retinal layers in healthy smokers.

Purpose: To compare the thicknesses of the retinal layers in smokers with those of nonsmoking healthy subjects using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: One hundred and eight subjects were included in the study. Two groups were separated as smokers and nonsmokers.

Corneal endothelial cell density in healthy Caucasian population.

Aim: To reveal the changes of corneal endothelial characteristics with aging among Caucasian population.

Methods: Non-contact specular microscopy was performed in 564 eyes of 282 healthy Caucasian Turkish patients. Endothelial cell density (MCD), mean cell area (MCA), coefficient of variation (CV) in cell size, percentage of hexagonal cells, and central corneal thickness (CCT) were measured.

Comparison of central corneal thickness estimated by an ultrasonic pachymeter and non-contact specular microscopy.

Purpose:: To compare central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements of healthy individuals obtained with ultrasonic pachymetry (UP) and non-contact specular microscopy (NCSM).

Method:: In total, 148 eyes of 74 subjects with no ocular or systemic diseases were included in the study. Central corneal thickness measurements of all patients performed with UP and NCCM were compared.

The Relation of White-on-White Standard Automated Perimetry, Short Wavelength Perimetry, and Optic Coherence Tomography Parameters in Ocular Hypertension.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the demographics, clinical properties, and the relation between white-on-white standard automated perimetry (SAP), short wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP), and optical coherence tomographic (OCT) parameters of patients with ocular hypertension.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-one eyes of 61 patients diagnosed with ocular hypertension in the Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital ophthalmology unit between January 2010 and January 2011 were included in this study. All patients underwent SAP and SWAP tests with the Humphrey visual field analyser using the 30.

Corneal melanosis successfully treated using topical mitomycin-C and alcohol corneal epitheliectomy: a 3-year follow-up case report.

We report a case of primary acquired corneal melanosis without atypia associated with corneal haze in a patient with a history of limbal malignant melanoma and the effect of mitomycin-C. A 75-year-old woman with a history of limbal malignant melanoma presented with loss of vision in right eye. Corneal examination showed a patchy melanotic pigmentation with a central haze.

Evaluation of Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Renal Artery Resistive Index in Patients With Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome: A Prospective Case-Control Study.

Purpose: To investigate the significance of renal artery resistance and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) parameters in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES).

Materials And Methods: In this prospective case-control study, 37 patients were involved and grouped as PES (n=19) and control groups (n=18). Ophthalmological evaluation included visual acuity, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness measurement, and optic disc evaluation.

Lesson of the month 2: Chronic erythematous painless plaque on the eyelid co-presenting with multiple ulcerated nodules on the extremities.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by the Leishmania species, transmitted by the bite of an infected sandfly. The typical cutaneous lesion is a painless ulcer with a raised, indurated margin and often covered with an adherent crust. The lesions are mostly located on exposed sites such as the face and the extremities.

Effect of four different intraocular lenses on posterior capsule opacification.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of 4 different intraocular lenses (IOLs) on posterior capsule opacification (PCO) by comparing the neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy rates.

Methods: This retrospective study included 4970 eyes of 4013 cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation between January 2000 and January 2008 by the same surgeon at one clinic. Four different IOLs were assessed.

Unilateral uveitis, cataract and retinal detachment following low-voltage electrical injury.

A 39-year-old woman presented with a gradual worsening of vision in the right eye 1 month after a low-voltage household electrical injury. A slit-lamp examination showed non-granulomatous anterior uveitis with nuclear cataract and an ultrasound examination also showed total retinal detachment. In this letter, we present a rare complication of electrical injury demonstrated as unilateral uveitis, cataract and retinal detachment in a 39-year-old woman.

Management of the large upper eyelid defects with cutler-beard flap.

Background. To assess Cutler-Beard procedure results in patients after wide excision of malignant eyelid tumours. Materials and Methods.

Diplopia due to Dacryops.

Dacryops is a lacrimal ductal cyst. It is known that it can cause globe displacement, motility restriction, and proptosis because of the mass effect. Diplopia due to dacryops has not been reported previously.