Retention in care among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a low-resource setting.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the retention in care among a cohort of Egyptian people living with HIV (PLWHIV).

Method: The study was conducted on PLWHIV attending Kasr Alainy HIV and Viral Hepatitis Centre, Cairo, Egypt, from January 1, 2019, to March 31, 2023. PLWHIV were considered not retained in care if there was no documented clinical visit or HIV viral load (VL) or CD4 count test for more than 6 months from their last recorded visit or test.

Skeletal Manifestations of Gaucher's Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Gaucher's disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the storage of glucosylceramide in macrophages ("Gaucher cells"), mainly in the reticuloendothelial system. GD type 1 (GD1) is the most common phenotype that usually manifests with hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenias, and bone involvement. Skeletal manifestations are the most debilitating characteristic and result in significant morbidities.

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on response to anti-tuberculosis therapy in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Background: We aimed to assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) concentrations in extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients and to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on their treatment course.

Methods: Serum 25(OH)D3concentrations were measured in 47 newly diagnosed EPTB patients and 42 controls. Vitamin D-deficient EPTB patients were randomly assigned to receive 50,000 IU of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) orally once a week for 6 weeks (total 300,000 IU), followed by maintenance doses of 1000 IU a day besides anti-TB drugs or the first line anti-TB treatment only.

Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation (Nora's Lesion) Of the Second Proximal Phalanx Encasing the Flexor Tendon of the Foot: A Case Report.

Introduction: Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation (BPOP) is a rare benign lesion commonly referred to as Nora's lesion. It typically affects adults in their 20s-30s. Due to its aggressive local invasion, it can be confused with some malignant tumors, including chondrosarcoma.

Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination: An updated systematic review of cases.

Key Clinical Message: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare but possible complication that may occur after COVID-19 vaccination. In this systematic review, we found that GBS presented in patients with an average age of 58. The average time for symptoms to appear was 14.

Value of ultrasound assessment for traumatic nerve injury of the upper limb.

Aim Of Work: The type of traumatic peripheral nerve injury is a key factor for determining optimal treatment. Proper assessment of peripheral nerve injury facilitates appropriate treatment, significantly affects prognosis, and reduces disabilities. This study evaluated ultrasonography (US) to assess upper limb traumatic nerve injuries and compared the US with electrodiagnostic studies as the gold standard.

Incidence of hepatitis C virus infection among people living with HIV: An Egyptian cohort study.

Background: Egypt used to have one of the highest hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prevalence rates worldwide, with an estimated HCV prevalence of around 4.5% to 6.7%.

Vertebral Osteomyelitis Secondary to a Retroperitoneal Abscess in an Adolescent Male: A Case Report.

Pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO) is included in a spectrum of spine infections called spondylodiscitis. It is commonly caused by hematogenous seeding. The annual incidence of spondylodiscitis is 2.

COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and associated factors among people living with HIV in the Middle East and North Africa region.

Background: Identifying coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine acceptance and associated factors among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the Middle East and North Africa region is important to meet the need for broad-scale vaccination against COVID-19.

Objectives: To investigate the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate and factors among PLHIV in the Middle East and North Africa region.

Method: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among PLHIV currently living in Egypt, Tunisia and Saudi Arabia between March 2021 and August 2021.

Hemoglobin Drop and the Need for Transfusion in Primary Knee Arthroplasty.

Background Blood loss is still a serious adverse effect of total knee replacement (TKR), resulting in Hemoglobin drop and a higher need for blood transfusions. Multiple modalities are used to reduce intra-operative blood loss and hemoglobin drop for this procedure, such as placing a drain intraoperatively and Tranexamic acid (TXA) administration. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with hemoglobin loss and blood transfusion increased demand.

HIV-related stigma and discrimination by healthcare workers in Egypt.

Background: HIV-related stigma and discrimination (SAD) have imposed serious adverse health consequences on people living with HIV (PLHIV), including limited access to medical care and delayed diagnosis, which in turn limits the prevention and control of the disease. This study was conducted to explore the stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors of healthcare workers (HCWs) towards HIV patients and PLHIV.

Methods: A cross-sectional study targeted HCWs who attended the United Conference of Hepatogastroenterology and Infectious Diseases that was held on 25-28 September 2019 in Cairo governorate.

Current status of hepatitis C virus among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Egypt.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection is increasing due to their similar routes of transmission. Co-infection poses a big challenge. Information on the prevalence of HCV infection in Egyptian HIV individuals is scarce.

Real-life experience of treating HCV co-infection among HIV-infected population in Egypt: single-center experience.

Background: Liver disease has emerged as a leading cause of death among PLHIV coinfected with HCV.

Methods: A retrospective study involving all HCV viremic patients coinfected with HIV who presented to HCV/HIV multidisciplinary clinics located at Embaba fever hospital. Patients were assigned to receive DAAs according to the national treatment guidelines.

HCV/HIV coinfected Egyptian patients: a cross-sectional study of their main characteristics and barriers to HCV treatment initiation.

Background: This study investigates different barriers preventing a cohort of Egyptian HIV/HCV coinfected patients from accessing HCV treatment, despite being available and free of charge, aiming to improve the long-term outcomes of coinfected patients and decreasing their liver-related morbidity and mortality.

Methods: This study included HIV patients who were referred to Kasr Alainy Viral Hepatitis Center to receive HCV treatment and who had to continue pretreatment assessment in order to receive direct acting antiviral agents free of charge. Patients who did not attend within 90 d were questioned via a telephone interview.

Novel Z-Scheme/Type-II CdS@ZnO/g-CN ternary nanocomposites for the durable photodegradation of organics: Kinetic and mechanistic insights.

Visible-light-driven photocatalysis is a green and efficient strategy for wastewater treatment, where graphitic carbon nitride-based semiconductors showed excellent performance in this regard. Consequently, we report on the development of a green and facile one-pot room-temperature ultrasonic route for the preparation of novel ternary nanocomposite of cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-CN NSs). The proposed materials had been characterized by several physicochemical techniques such as PXRD, XPS, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, PL, and DRS.

Impact of interleukin IL-6 rs-1474347 and IL-10 rs-1800896 genetic polymorphisms on the susceptibility of HCV-infected Egyptian patients to hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is considered leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to examine the association of IL-6 and IL-10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with the progression of chronic HCV (CHC) infection to cirrhosis and HCC. For comparative purposes, four groups were enrolled; chronic HCV group (CHC, n = 22), HCV-related liver cirrhosis group (HCV-LC, n = 22), HCV-related HCC group (HCV-HCC, n = 54), and an apparently healthy control group (controls, n = 48).

The Role of Serum Procalcitonin Level as an Early Marker of Ascitic Fluid Infection in Post Hepatitic Cirrhotic Patients.

Aims & Background: The early diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) has been considered important in the overall patient's survival. Ascitic fluid culture examination performance, in the emergency setting, is time-consuming and not always available, so there is a need for easy to apply, rapid and reliable markers for diagnosis of patients with ascites. The present prospective study aimed to determine the early diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels in decompensated cirrhotic patients (DCPs) with SBP.