Trans-Activation of the () Gene by the Oncogene Product Tax of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. The oncogene product Tax of HTLV-I is thought to play crucial roles in leukemogenesis by promoting proliferation of the virus-infected cells through activation of growth-promoting genes. These genes code for growth factors and their receptors, cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, growth signal transducers, transcription factors and cell cycle regulators.

Continuous Circulation of Chikungunya Virus during COVID-19 Pandemic in Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia.

Chikungunya fever is a self-limiting viral illness that is caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV). CHIKV is found in multiple provinces of Indonesia, with clustered local outbreaks. This case series investigates a local chikungunya outbreak during the COVID-19 pandemic, involving two virologically confirmed chikungunya cases found in Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia in 2021 and the contact tracing of 65 people from the same neighborhood (one of which was also virologically confirmed with CHIKV).

Dengue virus population genetics in Yogyakarta, Indonesia prior to city-wide Wolbachia deployment.

Dengue has been endemic in Yogyakarta, Indonesia for decades. Here, we report the dengue epidemiology, entomology, and virology in Yogyakarta in 2016-2017, prior to the commencement of the Applying Wolbachia to Eliminate Dengue (AWED) randomized trial. Dengue epidemiological data were compiled and blood samples from dengue-suspected patients were tested for dengue virus (DENV).

Molecular epidemiology of dengue in North Kalimantan, a province with the highest incidence rates in Indonesia in 2019.

Objectives: Dengue is endemic to Indonesia, a country that has largely varied geographical and demographic conditions across different regions. In 2019, dengue epidemic occurred in North Kalimantan province and recorded as the highest incidence rate in Indonesia. This study aims to investigate the molecular epidemiology of dengue during outbreak in the province and compare the epidemiological characteristics between two cities/towns in North Kalimantan, namely Malinau, an inland town surrounded by a dense rainforest, and Tarakan, an island city.

Comparative cytokine profiling identifies common and unique serum cytokine responses in acute chikungunya and dengue virus infection.

Background: Infection by chikungunya (CHIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) can cause a wide spectrum of clinical features, many of which are undifferentiated. Cytokines, which broadly also include chemokines and growth factors, have been shown to play a role in protective immunity as well as DENV and CHIKV pathogenesis. However, differences in cytokine response to both viruses remain poorly understood, especially in patients from countries where both viruses are endemic.

[6]-Gingerol Inhibits Chikungunya Virus Infection by Suppressing Viral Replication.

Chikungunya (CHIK) is a reemerging arboviral disease caused by chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection. The disease is clinically hallmarked by prolonged debilitating joint pain. Currently, there is no specific antiviral medication nor commercial vaccine available for treatment of the disease, which makes the discovery or development of specific anti-CHIKV compounds a priority.

Outbreak of severe dengue associated with DENV-3 in the city of Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Background: In early 2019, an outbreak of severe dengue was reported in Manado, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. This epidemic raised public concern and recorded the highest number of cases in the last 10 years. This study aimed to determine the clinical spectrum, disease aetiology and virological characteristics associated with this outbreak of severe dengue.

An investig-ation into the epidemiology of chikungunya virus across neglected regions of Indonesia.

Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an important emerging and re-emerging public health problem worldwide. In Indonesia, where the virus is endemic, epidemiological information from outside of the main islands of Java and Bali is limited.

Methodology/principal Findings: Four hundred and seventy nine acutely febrile patients presenting between September 2017-2019 were recruited from three city hospitals situated in Ambon, Maluku; Banjarmasin, Kalimantan; and Batam, Batam Island as part of a multi-site observational study.

Distinct Dengue Disease Epidemiology, Clinical, and Diagnosis Features in Western, Central, and Eastern Regions of Indonesia, 2017-2019.

The people of Indonesia have been afflicted by dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease, for over 5 decades. The country is the world's largest archipelago with diverse geographic, climatic, and demographic conditions that may impact the dynamics of disease transmissions. A dengue epidemiology study was launched by us to compare and understand the dynamics of dengue and other arboviral diseases in three cities representing western, central, and eastern Indonesia, namely, Batam, Banjarmasin, and Ambon, respectively.

Assessment of a multiplex PCR and Nanopore-based method for dengue virus sequencing in Indonesia.

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) infects hundreds of thousands of people annually in Indonesia. However, DENV sequence data from the country are limited, as samples from outbreaks must be shipped across long-distances to suitably equipped laboratories to be sequenced. This approach is time-consuming, expensive, and frequently results in failure due to low viral load or degradation of the RNA genome.

Clinical features and virological confirmation of perinatal dengue infection in Jambi, Indonesia: A case report.

The hyper-endemicity of dengue in Indonesia poses a significant threat of dengue virus (DENV) vertical transmission during pregnancy. A 29-year-old female at 38 weeks of pregnancy presented to hospital with acute fever and later confirmed with DENV infection. Due to signs of fetal distress, the neonate was delivered by emergency caesarean section.

Transcription factor 7-like 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with lipid profile in the Balinese.

Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) protein plays an important role in glucose and lipid metabolisms. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TCF7L2 gene contribute to increased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and body mass index (BMI), and altered lipid concentrations in various population. We investigated whether the TCF7L2 SNPs were associated with obesity, high FPG and altered lipid profile in the Balinese.

Dengue virus serotype distribution based on serological evidence in pediatric urban population in Indonesia.

Background: Dengue is a febrile illness transmitted by mosquitoes, causing disease across the tropical and sub-tropical world. Antibody prevalence data and serotype distributions describe population-level risk and inform public health decision-making.

Methodology/principal Findings: In this cross-sectional study we used data from a pediatric dengue seroprevalence study to describe historical dengue serotype circulation, according to age and geographic location.

Molecular characterization of dengue viruses isolated from patients in Central Java, Indonesia.

Background: Dengue is hyper-endemic in Indonesia. Purwokerto city in Central Java province is routinely ravaged by the disease. Despite the endemicity of dengue in this city, there is still no data on the virological aspects of dengue in the city.

Chikungunya Detection during Dengue Outbreak in Sumatra, Indonesia: Clinical Manifestations and Virological Profile.

Chikungunya fever (CHIK) is an acute viral infection caused by infection with chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The disease affects people in areas where certain species mosquito vectors are present, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. Indonesia has witnessed CHIK disease since the early 1970s with sporadic outbreaks occurring throughout the year.

Dengue in Bali: Clinical characteristics and genetic diversity of circulating dengue viruses.

A high number of dengue cases are reported annually in Bali. Despite the endemicity, limited data on dengue is available for Bali localities. Molecular surveillance study was conducted to explore the clinical and virological characteristics of dengue patients in urban Denpasar and rural Gianyar areas in Bali during the peak season in 2015.

The molecular and clinical features of dengue during outbreak in Jambi, Indonesia in 2015.

Dengue is hyperendemic in Indonesia. In 2015, reported cases of dengue fever doubled those of 2014 in the Jambi municipality of Sumatra. We examined viral aetiology and its relationship with disease outcome in Jambi.