Associations of body composition at birth and accretion from 0 to 5 years with kidney function and volume at the 10-year follow-up: the Ethiopian Infant Anthropometry and Body Composition birth cohort.

Background: Fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) in early life are associated with later obesity and cardiometabolic disease.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the associations of FM and FFM at birth and conditional FM and FFM accretion from 0 to 5 y with kidney outcomes at the 10-y follow-up.

Methods: The Ethiopian Infant Anthropometry and Body Composition birth cohort included term infants born in Jimma town, with a birth weight ≥1500 g, and having no congenital malformations.

Association between birth length, linear growth velocities, and primary school achievement at age 10 years: evidence from the Ethiopian iABC birth cohort.

Background: Childhood is a period marked by dynamic growth. Evidence of the association between childhood linear growth and school achievement comes mostly from cross-sectional data. We assessed associations between birth length, childhood linear growth velocities, and stunting with school achievement.

Associations of fat and fat-free mass at birth and accretion from 0 to 5 years with cognitive function at later childhood: the Ethiopian infant anthropometry and body composition birth cohort.

Early childhood growth is associated with cognitive function. However, the independent associations of fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) with cognitive function are not well understood. We investigated associations of FM and FFM at birth and 0-5 years accretion with cognitive function at 10 years.

Less known but greatly feared: Cervical cancer in Ethiopia community awareness.

To improve a community's awareness and attitude towards cervical cancer, strong evidence is needed to inform contextually appropriate policies. This study aims to explore community awareness about cervical cancer from the perspective of women, men and health extension workers (HEWs). The research was conducted from May to July 2021 in Jimma, Ethiopia.

Associations of early childhood body mass index trajectories with body composition and cardiometabolic markers at age 10 years: the Ethiopian infant anthropometry and body composition (iABC) birth cohort study.

Background: Variability in body mass index (BMI) (kg/m) trajectories is associated with body composition and cardiometabolic markers in early childhood, but it is unknown how these associations track to later childhood.

Objectives: We aimed to assess associations of BMI trajectories from 0 to 5 y with body composition and cardiometabolic markers at 10 y.

Methods: In the Ethiopian infant anthropometry and body composition (iABC) birth cohort, we previously identified 4 distinct BMI trajectories from 0 to 5 y: stable low BMI (19.

COVID-19's shadow on families: A structural equation model of parental stress, family relationships, and child wellbeing.

The present study seeks to contribute to developmental science in emergencies by investigating associations between COVID-19 pandemic-related stressors, parents' stress, family relationships, and child wellbeing. In doing so, we build on recent research that generalizes the assumptions of the Family Stress Model beyond direct economic stressors of households to macro-contextual stressors that operate at the societal level. In the case of our study, these stressors relate to the COVID-19 pandemic, such as health risks and confinement-related stresses.

Association of linear growth velocities between 0 and 6 years with kidney function and size at 10 years: A birth cohort study in Ethiopia.

Background: Risk of noncommunicable diseases accrues from fetal life, with early childhood growth having an important role in adult disease risk. There is a need to understand how early-life growth relates to kidney function and size.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association of linear growth velocities among children between 0 and 6 y with kidney function and size among children aged 10 y.

Associations of weight and body composition at birth with body composition and cardiometabolic markers in children aged 10 y: the Ethiopian infant anthropometry and body composition birth cohort study.

Background: Although birth weight (BW) has been associated with later cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, the role of birth fat mass (BFM) and birth fat-free mass (BFFM) on cardiometabolic health is unclear.

Objectives: To examine associations of BW, BFM, and BFFM with later anthropometry, body composition, abdominal fat, and cardiometabolic markers.

Methods: Birth cohort data on standardized exposure variables (BW, BFM, and BFFM) and follow-up information at age 10 y on anthropometry, body composition, abdominal fat, and cardiometabolic markers were included.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of adolescent nutrition in Ethiopia: Transforming adolescent lives through nutrition (TALENT) initiative.

Background: Ethiopia has undergone rapid economic growth over the last two decades that could influence the diets and nutrition of young people. This work systematically reviewed primary studies on adolescent nutrition from Ethiopia, to inform future interventions to guide policies and programs for this age group.

Method: A systematic search of electronic databases for published studies on the prevalence of and interventions for adolescent malnutrition in Ethiopia in the English language since the year 2000 was performed using a three-step search strategy.

A multi-country phase 2 study to evaluate the suitcase lab for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in seven Sub-Saharan African countries: Lessons from the field.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to severe health systems collapse, as well as logistics and supply delivery shortages across sectors. Delivery of PCR related healthcare supplies continue to be hindered. There is the need for a rapid and accessible SARS-CoV-2 molecular detection method in low resource settings.

Complication experience during pregnancy and place of delivery among pregnant women: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Unlike other causes such as abortion, obstetric complications like hemorrhage, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which are difficult to resolve for women who give birth out of health facilities are persisted or increased to be the cause of maternal mortality in Ethiopia. Direct obstetric complications resulted in the crude direct obstetric case fatality rate in this country. This study aimed to assess the relationship between Complication Experience during Pregnancy and Place of Delivery among Pregnant Women.

A disease concept model for STXBP1-related disorders.

Objective: STXBP1-related disorders are rare genetic epilepsies and neurodevelopmental disorders, but the impact of symptoms across clinical domains is poorly understood. Disease concept models are formal frameworks to assess the lived experience of individuals and their families and provide a basis for generating outcome measures.

Methods: We conducted semistructured, qualitative interviews with 19 caregivers of 16 individuals with STXBP1-related disorders and 7 healthcare professionals.

Risky Sexual Behavior across Extremes of Wealth in sub-Saharan Africa: A Meta-Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys.

Background: Risky sexual behavior increases the risk of contracting sexually transmitted disease including HIV and other reproductive health problems. There have been varying assumptions and different reported result explaining the relationship between risky sexual behavior and wealth. This review was intended to examine the disparity of risky sexual behavior among the two extremes of wealth in sub-Saharan African countries.

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of institutional and community-based studies.

Background: Worldwide cardiovascular disease is the major cause of disability and premature death. This is due to the ascending trend of consuming an unhealthy diet and obesity which increases the risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus this study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of the cardiovascular disease in Ethiopia.

Social, economic and cultural influences on adolescent nutrition and physical activity in Jimma, Ethiopia: perspectives from adolescents and their caregivers.

Objective: To explore influences on adolescent diet and physical activity, from the perspectives of adolescents and their caregivers, in Jimma, Ethiopia.

Design: Qualitative design, using focus group discussions (FGD).

Setting: A low-income setting in Jimma, Ethiopia.

Prosthetic Rehabilitation on Edentulous Patients with Microstomia: About Three Cases.

Limited oral opening is an acquired or congenital abnormal condition that compromises patient esthetics, nutrition, and quality of life. In addition, it may hinder conventional prosthetic procedures of edentulous patients, make it challenging, and present difficulties at all its stages. This clinical report presents different clinical treatment options suitable to be chosen by the prosthodontic carer in the case of reduced oral aperture.

Predictors of unmet need for family planning among all women of reproductive age in Ethiopia.

Introduction: Contraception is a good indicator of the extent to which couples have access to reproductive health services. Survey data on unmet need can provide overall direction by helping to pinpoint the obstacles in society and weaknesses in services that need to be overcome. This study is significant as it provides strong policy recommendations for the design and implementation of economic and non-economic interventions into family planning utilization by all eligible women.

Genotyping of Pulmonary Isolates from Sudan Using Spoligotyping.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem worldwide due to its high risk of person-to-person transmission, morbidity and mortality [1]. Sudan has a high burden of tuberculosis. Spoligotyping (spacer oligonucleotide typing) a rapid method for genotyping of using the principle of reverse hybridization.