Machine learning-assisted cancer diagnosis in patients with paraneoplastic autoantibodies.

Purpose: Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) are a group of rare disorders triggered by an immune response to malignancy, characterized by diverse neurological, muscular, and systemic symptoms. This study aims to leverage machine learning to develop a predictive model for cancer diagnosis in patients with paraneoplastic autoantibodies.

Methods: Demographic data included age and sex, and presenting symptoms were recorded.

Genetic analysis and heterosis breeding of seed yield and yieldattributing traits in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.).

This study aimed to assess the genetic basis and combining ability of 10 morphological traits in Indian mustard. The experiment involved eight parent lines and 28 crosses derived from a half-diallel mating design. Combining ability analysis is vital for identifying parents and hybrids with favorable genetic effects to enhance breeding efficiency.

Research note: Protective effects of compound mycotoxin detoxifier in broiler chicken fed aflatoxins-contaminated diets.

This study was planned and executed to investigate the effects of two levels of compound toxin binder (CTB) on growth performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and the ileal selected microflora population in broiler chickens. A total of 240 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were divided into four treatments and six replicates (10 chickens per replicate). Experimental groups included; 1, negative control (NC; no aflatoxins (AFs) and no additives); 2, positive control (PC; 490 µg/kg AFs); 3, low levels of compound toxin binder (LCTB), PC + 1 g/kg available CTB (Navacidox); and 4, high levels of compound toxin binder (HCTB), PC + 2 g/kg Navacidox.

Unlocking Biochar's Potential: Innovative Strategies for Sustainable Remediation of Heavy Metal Stress in Tobacco Plants.

Tobacco, being a globally cultivated crop, holds significant social and economic importance. Tobacco plants are susceptible to the adverse effects of heavy metals (HMs), particularly cadmium (Cd), which hinders root development, disrupts water balance, and impedes nutrient absorption. Higher concentrations of HMs, especially Cd, naturally accumulate in tobacco leaves due to complex interactions within the plant-soil continuum.

High dynamic range widefield fundus photography with transcranial illumination: a contrast agent-free method for non-mydriatic choroidal imaging.

The choroid, a critical vascular layer beneath the retina, is essential for maintaining retinal function and monitoring chorioretinal disorders. Existing imaging methods, such as indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), face significant limitations, including contrast agent requirements, restricted field of view (FOV), and high costs, limiting accessibility. To address these challenges, we developed a nonmydriatic, contrast agent-free fundus camera utilizing transcranial near-infrared (NIR) illumination.

A novel technique for external iliac artery reconstruction in renal transplant patients with extensively atherosclerotic lower limb vasculature.

We describe a 54-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus, ischemic myopathy, pulmonary hypertension, and end-stage renal disease who was admitted for heart failure and listed for a dual cardiac-renal transplantation. Extensive calcification in the iliac arteries prevented clamping. Proximal endovascular balloon control of the left iliac artery was achieved using contralateral access; distal control was established by passing a Fogarty catheter distally through an iliac arteriotomy, later used for anastomosis of the cadaveric conduit.

Lactulose Versus Naloxone for Opioid-Induced Constipation in Intensive Care.

Objectives: Constipation caused by opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is prevalent among critically poisoned patients and can result in complications that prolong hospitalization and, in rare cases, cause bowel perforatio This research aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of lactulose and naloxone in the treatment of OIC in the intensive care unit for poisoning.

Materials And Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial of patients with opioid poisoning who experienced constipation for 14 months. Patients were divided into two groups: one receiving lactulose (30 cc daily) and the other receiving naloxone (8 mg three times a day).

Iatrogenic Botulism After Cosmetic Use of Botulinum Toxin-A: A Case Series.

Botulism symptoms after cosmetic botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) injections happen very rarely, and it needs careful attention since it can be life-threatening. Hence, it is advised to meticulously check the technique, dose, and authenticity of the BTX-A before injections to reduce the adverse effects.

Effect of A1470T Polymorphism on Lactate and Potassium Concentrations After Caffeine Ingestion During Acute Resistance Exercise.

Background: The monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) plays a crucial role in regulating lactate and pyruvate transport across cell membranes, which is essential for energy metabolism during exercise. The A1470T (rs1049434) polymorphism has been suggested to influence lactate transport, with the T (major) allele associated with greater transport efficiency. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the polymorphism on lactate and potassium (K) concentrations in response to resistance exercise (RE) following caffeine (CAF) ingestion.

Cultural adaptation, validation and standardization of the developmental screening tools ASQ:SE-2 in Iranian children.

The Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional, Second Edition (ASQ) is a parental-report tool designed to assess the social-emotional development of young children. Its adaptation and validation in diverse cultural contexts are vital for its effective application. This study aimed to culturally adapt, validate, and standardize the ASQ for Iranian children.

Unilateral Anterior Scleritis Following the Booster Shot of Inactivated COVID-19 (Sinopharm) Vaccine in a 52-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report.

The only way to mitigate the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was vaccines. While effective in decreasing the rate and severity of the disease, there also have been considerable adverse events. Since the birth of vaccines, adverse reactions accompanied the immunity, and COVID-19 vaccines are no exceptions.

Diagnostic potential of lncRNAs-ANRIL and MIAT in the blood of patients with cerebral venous thrombosis.

Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) have been implicated as possible circulating stroke indicators. This study focused on the expression status of antisense non-coding ribonucleic acid in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) and myocardial infarction associated transcript (MIAT) in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). In this study, fifty patients with CVT and one hundred age/gender-matched individuals as controls were included.

Echocardiographic analysis of abdominal aorta dimensions and their associations with demographic characteristics in a healthy population.

Introduction: Determining the normal diameter of the abdominal aorta in different populations and its relationship with other demographic factors is crucial for diagnosing and managing abdominal aortic diseases. This study aimed to assess the size of the abdominal aorta in a healthy Iranian population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included healthy individuals.

A-SIMA/A-MAP: a comprehensive toolkit for NMR-based metabolomics analysis.

Introduction: Metabolomics is the comprehensive study of small molecules in biological systems. It has recently garnered attention for its wide variety of applications such as diseases, drug treatments, agriculture, and more. As the interest in metabolomics grow, meeting the demands of cutting-edge research requires software tools that not only advance analytical capabilities, but also prioritize user-friendly features.

Effect of panretinal photocoagulation versus intravitreal bevacizumab injection on optic disc microcirculation in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Background: This retrospective study aimed to compare optic disc vasculature changes in 1 and 3 months after treatment with either panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) or Intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: A total of 50 eyes of 29 diabetic patients without severe complications were included in this comparative case series. Of these, twenty-eight eyes (15 patients) were assigned to the PRP group, while twenty-two eyes (14 patients) were treated with the biosimilar (IVB) (Stivant CinnaGen Co.

Chinese herbal medicine for obstructive sleep apnoea: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Purpose: Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) may have a place in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), but the evidence has not been systematically assessed. The objective of this study is to evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of CHM for OSA.

Methods: CENTRAL, EMBase, PubMed, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang and Chongqing VIP were searched from database inception to the 13th of August 2023.

Insights into the paradoxical effect of smoking on vasculitis: a comprehensive review.

Vasculitis is a group of uncommon diseases characterized by inflammation of blood vessels, which contributes to the organ ischemia and damage. Cigarette smoke contains a high concentration of various toxins, which have the potential to affect the immune response and development of autoimmune/autoinflammatory rheumatic diseases including vasculitis. Smoking influences both innate and adaptive immune systems and plays binary functions in modulating immunity by either aggravating pathogenic immune responses or attenuating defensive immunity.

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for an acute type A aortic dissection following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

An 86-year-old male with multiple medical comorbidities was referred for an elective transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis with an ejection fraction of 35%. A self-expanding valve was deployed successfully, but intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) confirmed an acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD), necessitating immediate intervention. Multiple intraoperative imaging modalities were utilized for deployment of a conformable GORE TAG (cTAG) stent graft for thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR).

A development of a gelatin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel system for dual-release transdermal delivery of lidocaine hydrochloride.

This study introduces a dual-release transdermal drug delivery system using a hydrogel matrix of cross-linked gelatin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC). Designed for immediate drug release from microneedles (MNs) and sustained release from microcapsules (MCs), this system utilizes lidocaine hydrochloride as the model drug. The fabrication process involved casting the hydrogel into MN molds, with MCs embedded in the backing layer, establishing a dual-release mechanism.

Nuclear Expression of Dynamin 2 Is Associated With Tumor Aggressiveness in Bladder Cancer Patients: A Bioinformatics and Experimental Approach.

Background: Dynamin 2 (DNM2) is aberrantly expressed in different malignancies and exerts a function in tumor progression.

Aims: This study, for the first time, aimed to evaluate the clinical and prognostic value of DNM2 in the pathophysiology of bladder cancer using bioinformatics analysis and experimental evaluation.

Methods And Results: We analyzed gene expression of DNM2 in bladder tumor by GEPIA2 and GENT2 platforms.

Synthesis and characterization of fluorenone derivatives with electrical properties explored using density functional theory (DFT).

This study provides thorough computational and experimental assessments of four types of novel synthesized thiosemicarbazones. The compounds were effectively synthesized using a condensation reaction between thiosemicarbazide and fluorenone, producing a remarkable range of 70-88%. Additional chemical structures were examined utilizing spectroscopic methods, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), NMR spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy.

Affordable ultra-widefield smartphone PedCam for comprehensive pediatric retinal examination.

Widefield fundus photography is critical for the detection, documentation, and management of pediatric eye diseases. Existing clinical pediatric fundus cameras offer a limited field of view (FOV) and suboptimal image contrast, hindering comprehensive peripheral retina examination. Additionally, the high cost and lack of portability of commercial devices restrict their use in resource-limited settings.