Crystal structure of the cytotoxic macrocyclic trichothecene Isororidin A.

The highly cytotoxic macrocyclic trichothecene Isororidin A (CHO) was isolated from the fungus Myrothesium verrucaria endophytic on the wild medicinal plant `Datura' (Datura stramonium L.) and was characterized by one- (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectroscopy. The three-dimensional structure of Isororidin A has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography at 0.

Imaging of cerebrovascular complications from blunt skull base trauma.

Cerebrovascular complications from blunt trauma to the skull base, though rare, can lead to potentially devastating outcomes, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis and management. Due to the insidious clinical presentation, subtle nature of imaging findings, and complex anatomy of the skull base, diagnosing cerebrovascular injuries and their complications poses considerable challenges. This article offers a comprehensive review of skull base anatomy and pathophysiology pertinent to recognizing cerebrovascular injuries and their complications, up-to-date screening criteria and imaging techniques for assessing these injuries, and a case-based review of the spectrum of cerebrovascular complications arising from skull base trauma.

Efficacy of transvenous embolization of CSF-venous fistula in spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Case-series.

Background: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a debilitating neurological condition which can be caused by a cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistula. Transvenous embolization is a promising technique to provide minimally invasive yet durable treatment.

Methods: A retrospective single-center case series was performed on all patients who underwent transvenous embolization of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-venous fistula.

Middle meningeal artery pseudoaneurysm and pterygoid plexus fistula following percutaneous radiofrequency rhizotomy: illustrative case.

Background: Percutaneous treatment for trigeminal neuralgia is a safe and effective therapeutic methodology and can be accomplished in the form of balloon compression, glycerol rhizotomy, and radiofrequency thermocoagulation. These procedures are generally well tolerated and demonstrate minimal associated morbidity. Moreover, vascular complications of these procedures are exceedingly rare.

Prevalence of SLEC-negative spontaneous intracranial hypotension in patients with spinal nerve root sleeve diverticula on MRI.

Purpose: While there is thought to be an association between spinal nerve root diverticula (NRD) and spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) without a spinal longitudinal epidural collection (SLEC), it remains unclear what the overall prevalence of SLEC-negative SIH is in patients with NRD on MRI.

Methods: Spine MRI imaging reports from our single institution were electronically screened for instances of NRD over a 9-year period (2016-2023). From these cases, patients with brain MRIs consistent with SIH were also identified.

Direct percutaneous puncture versus transarterial embolization for head and neck paragangliomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Embolization of head and neck paragangliomas (HNPs) is a well-established treatment strategy and adjunctive therapy. However, the optimal mode of intervention, whether by direct percutaneous puncture (DP) or via transarterial embolization (TAE), remains unclear.

Methods: The aim of this study was to complete a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of DP versus TAE for HNP embolization.

A pictorial review of imaging findings associated with upper cervical trauma.

The diagnosis of cervical spine injury in the emergency department remains a critical skill of emergency room physicians as well as radiologists. Such diagnoses are often associated with high morbidity and mortality unless readily identified and treated appropriately. Both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) often are crucial in the workup of spinal injury and play a key role in arriving at a diagnosis.

A case of spontaneous basal ganglia hemorrhage with contralateral extension utilizing the canal of Gratiolet.

Background: Intracranial hemorrhage accounts for 10-20% of stroke etiologies annually. Basal ganglia is the most common site for intracranial hemorrhage accounting for 50% of all cases. Bilateral spontaneous basal ganglia hemorrhages (BGH) are rare with few reported cases.

Confirmation of Intracranial Neuroendocrine Metastasis Using Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare neoplasms with an exceedingly low incidence of intracranial metastasis. We present a 79-y-old woman with a biopsy-proven pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor who presented with an intracranial mass in the posterior fossa that was avid on Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, facilitating the rare diagnosis of intracranial NET metastasis. The case highlights the utility of advanced imaging techniques in differentiating intracranial NET metastasis from other etiologies.

Management of postoperative cervical pseudomeningocele with percutaneous aspiration and epidural blood patch.

Introduction: While epidural blood patch can be an effective management option in lumbar pseudomeningoceles in certain clinical settings, its utility in the cervical spine is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous aspiration and autologous blood patch for post-operative durotomy related pseudomeningoceles within the cervical spine.

Methods: A single institution retrospective review detailing 3 patients with durotomy related pseudomeningocele following posterior cervical spine surgery was completed.

Native Endophytic as a Biocontrol Agent against Common Bean Rust Caused by .

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of endophytic bacterium to control common bean rust disease under greenhouse conditions. Endophytic bacterium ASU15 was isolated from fresh asymptomatic common bean, identified using biochemical and molecular characteristics. In vitro, the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of (1 × 10, 1 × 10 and 1 × 10), as well as fungicide ortiva (0.

Trichosporon jirovecii infection of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii).

One hundred and twenty-nine isolates of Trichosporon jirovecii were isolated from the melanized exoskeleton as well as eyestalks, gills, muscle and haemolymph of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) collected from the River Nile, during summer 2015. Isolates were similar morphologically, biochemically and genetically. Also, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis exhibited no polymorphism among the tested isolates.

Talaromyces pinophilus strain AUN-1 as a novel mycoparasite of Botrytis cinerea, the pathogen of onion scape and umbel blights.

This study aimed to investigate the mycoparasitism of Botrytis cinerea, the pathogen of scape and umbel blights of onion seed crops, by endophytic Talaromyces pinophilus. The dual culture test showed that the antagonistic potentiality of T. pinophilus against B.

Effect of Age on Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation Draining Vein Stenosis.

Objective: The pathogenesis of venous intimal hyperplasia and venous outflow stenosis associated with cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) draining veins is poorly understood. We sought to determine the relationship between venous stenosis and age.

Methods: All patients with an AVM seen at our institution between 1990 and 2016 who underwent a diagnostic cerebral angiogram were retrospectively reviewed.

Correlation Between Contrast Time-Density Time on Digital Subtraction Angiography and Flow: An in Vitro Study.

Background And Purpose: Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) provides an excellent anatomic characterization of cerebral vasculature, but hemodynamic assessment is often qualitative and subjective. Various clinical algorithms have been produced to semiquantify flow from the data obtained from DSA, but few have tested them against reliable flow values.

Methods: An arched flow model was created and injected with contrast material.

Cerebral Aneurysm Size and Distal Intracranial Hemodynamics: An Assessment of Flow and Pulsatility Index Using Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Angiography.

Background: The relationship between cerebral aneurysm size and risk of rupture is well documented, but the impact of aneurysms on distal intracranial hemodynamics is unknown.

Objective: To examine the relationship between aneurysm size and distal intracranial hemodynamics prior to treatment.

Methods: Patients seen at our institution between 2006 and 2015 with cerebral aneurysms within the internal carotid artery (ICA) segments (proximal to ICA terminus) were retrospectively reviewed.

Evaluating Student Attitudes: Perceptions of Interprofessional Experiences Following Participation in a Student-Run Free Clinic.

It is increasingly evident that patient health outcomes are improved when they are treated by an effective interdisciplinary healthcare team. Many also endorse that learning to function collaboratively in interdisciplinary settings should start at the onset of one's medical education. Student-run free clinics, such as the University of Central Florida College of Medicine's (UCF COM) KNIGHTS (Keeping Neighbors In Good Health Through Service) Clinic, provide opportunities for students to work in concert with other healthcare professionals.

The Effect of Volunteering at a Student-Run Free Healthcare Clinic on Medical Students' Self-Efficacy, Comfortableness, Attitude, and Interest in Working with the Underserved Population and Interest in Primary Care.

Introduction: The number of primary care physicians in the United States continues to lag behind the number of uninsured people. There has been a growing demand for medical students to improve their self-efficacy, comfortableness, attitude, and interest in working with the underserved and in primary care. This study aims to discern whether volunteering at a student-run, free healthcare clinic has a positive impact on these five variables of interest or not.

The Effect of Medical Student Volunteering in a Student-Run Clinic on Specialty Choice for Residency.

Introduction:  Student-run free clinics (SRFCs) are a recent popular addition to medical school education, and a subset of studies has looked at the influence of SRFC volunteering on the medical student's career development. The majority of the research done in this area has focused on understanding if these SRFCs produce physicians who are more likely to practice medicine in underserved communities, caring for the uninsured. The remainder of the research has investigated if volunteering in an SRFC influences the specialty choice of medical school students.

Role of Gamma Knife® Radiosurgery for the Treatment of Brain Metastases from Gynecological Cancers.

Objective: Gamma Knife (GK) (Elekta Instruments, Stockholm, Sweden) radiosurgery is well established for treatment of brain metastases. There are limited data on patients treated with GK from gynecological cancers. The authors sought to determine the effectiveness of the GK in patients with brain metastases from gynecological cancers.

Assessment of protein silver nanoparticles toxicity against pathogenic Alternaria solani.

Mycogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was carried out in the present investigation using an aqueous extract of endophytic non-pathogenic Alternaria solani F10 (KT721914). The mycosynthesized AgNPs were characterized by means of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The surface plasmon resonance found at 430 nm confirmed the formation of stable AgNPs for several weeks at room temperature.

Anthropogenic impacts on the distribution and biodiversity of benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality of the Langat River, Peninsular Malaysia.

A study of the impacts of anthropogenic activities on the distribution and biodiversity of benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality of the Langat River (Peninsular Malaysia) was conducted. Four pristine stations from the upstream and 4 stations at the downstream receiving anthropogenic impacts were selected along the river. For 4 consecutive months (March-June 1999), based on the Malaysian DOE (Malaysia Environmental Quality Report 2000, Department of Environment, Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment Malaysia.