Dual-targeting CRISPR-CasRx reduces C9orf72 ALS/FTD sense and antisense repeat RNAs in vitro and in vivo.

The most common genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an intronic GC repeat expansion in C9orf72. The repeats undergo bidirectional transcription to produce sense and antisense repeat RNA species, which are translated into dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). As toxicity has been associated with both sense and antisense repeat-derived RNA and DPRs, targeting both strands may provide the most effective therapeutic strategy.

Longitudinal Follow-Up of Clinical Superficial Ovine Caseous Lymphadenitis.

Caseous lymphadenitis is an infectious disease that has a significant economic impact on sheep breeding. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of season, animals' age, sex, body score and shearing on the clinical incidence of caseous lymphadenitis, relapses and abscess location in sheep from Settat province, Morocco. In this longitudinal study, 274 clinically healthy sheep were recruited in six flocks among 1451 inspected sheep and followed during 12 months to cover four seasons.

Diagnostic Challenges in Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis With Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertensive Emergency, and Excess Alcohol Consumption.

A 72-year-old male with a history of excessive alcohol intake (35+ units of alcohol daily) presented to the emergency department with bilateral vision loss, periorbital swelling, headache, and sinus congestion with bloody nasal discharge. He was newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and presented with severe diabetic ketoacidosis and a hypertensive emergency (blood pressure of 240/90 mmHg). Despite initial normal brain and orbital imaging, the clinical presentation was complicated by multiple life-threatening conditions and a prior immunocompetent status, thereby delaying the early suspicion of mucormycosis.

Potential Role of the Tie2/ Angiopoietin System in Hepatitis C Virus- Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: The Tie2/Ang pathway was found to be involved in forming tumor blood vessels in various tumors. The goal of this study was to evaluate the value of Tie2/Ang pathway as a novel biomarkers for the early detection of chronic hepatitis C virus (CHC)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). And the possibility of their future application in HCC treatment.

Determination of optimum probiotic dosage for the culture of whiteleg shrimp, in an indoor system.

Determining the optimum application dosage of probiotic in biofloc system is often challenging because the microbial community seems to exert similar effects irrespective of their dosages. It is however noted that certain dosages promote higher yield in shrimp culture more effectively. Principal component analysis was adopted to identify these optimum dosages where 1-way ANOVA could not clearly identify due to the effects of microbial community.

Cytomorphological changes of oral mucosal cells among smokeless tobacco users in low and middle-income country settings: new findings from Pakistan.

Background: Chronic tobacco use, in any form, induces significant cellular alterations in the oral mucosa. This study investigates four distinct cytomorphological changes in oral mucosal cells among smokeless tobacco users, examining their association across different genders and age groups.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study involved collecting mucosal samples from smokeless tobacco (naswar/snuff) users through consecutive sampling.

Recurrent Hypophosphatemia Following a Single Dose of Parenteral Iron Administration.

Although parenteral iron is widely used to treat iron deficiency anemia (IDA), some side effects have been inadequately explored. Hypophosphatemia is becoming a well-documented, yet poorly understood, side effect of parenteral iron infusion, oftentimes causing serious and/or prolonged complications. In this article, we discuss the case of a 33-year-old female with IDA who suffered debilitating physical and mental symptoms of significant recurrent hypophosphatemia following a single standard dose of parenteral iron administration.

Spiro-meroterpenoids, Syzygioblanes D-H, Isolated from Indonesian Medicinal Plant .

Syzygioblanes A-C (-), isolated from the Indonesian traditional herbal medicine (), are meroterpenoids with a spiro ring formed through a [4 + 2] cycloaddition of the flavanone desmethoxymatteucinol with cyclic sesquiterpenoids. Our ongoing phytochemical investigation of resulted in the isolation of five additional spiro-meroterpenoids, syzygioblanes D-H (-), which are hybrids of the same flavanone with eudesmane/cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids. A possible biosynthetic pathway involves enzymatic dearomative hydroxylation of desmethoxymatteucinol followed by [4 + 2] cyclization of the resulting diene with a cyclic sesquiterpene containing an exocyclic methylene to form the unique spiro ring in the syzygioblane molecule.

Recent trends in production and potential applications of microbial amylases: A comprehensive review.

α-amylases are vital biocatalysts that constitute a billion-dollar industry with a substantial and enduring global demand. Amylases hydrolyze the α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in starch polymers to generate maltose and malto-oligosaccharides subunits. Amylases are key enzymes that have promising applications in various industrial processes ranging from pharmaceutical, pulp and paper, textile food industries to bioremediation and biofuel sectors.

High-speed data transmission over a microresonator frequency comb with dispersion compensation for augmented data rates and reach.

Microresonator frequency comb-based high-speed data transmission provides a pathway towards augmented data capacity without increasing the number of laser sources. Their use with intensity-modulated direct detection modulation (IMDD) formats is especially pertinent in data center communications where minimizing cost, latency and complexity is paramount. This however implies that the same extent of digital signal processing techniques commonly used in coherent detection for the management of fiber impairments including chromatic dispersion are not available.

SELF-REPORTED MULTI-MORBIDITY WITH TUBERCULOSIS: DATA FROM THE KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA INTEGRATED POPULATION HEALTH SURVEY (KPIPHS) IN PAKISTAN.

Background: With the rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in a country that is already facing high tuberculosis (TB) burden, TB multi-morbidity is likely to pose a significant public health challenge in Pakistan. Data were analysed to determine the prevalence of TB and explore the distribution and determinants of multi-morbidity associated with TB in the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa -a province of Pakistan.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data gathered as part of the KPIPHS survey conducted in 2016-17 in both the rural and urban areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Machine learning for stroke in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction but without atrial fibrillation: A post-hoc analysis of the WARCEF trial.

Background: The prediction of ischaemic stroke in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but without atrial fibrillation (AF) remains challenging. Our aim was to evaluate the performance of machine learning (ML) in identifying the development of ischaemic stroke in this population.

Methods: We performed a post-hoc analysis of the WARCEF trial, only including patients without a history of AF.

Artificial intelligence-powered dentistry: Probing the potential, challenges, and ethicality of artificial intelligence in dentistry.

Introduction: Healthcare amelioration is exponential to technological advancement. In the recent era of automation, the consolidation of artificial intelligence (AI) in dentistry has rendered transformation in oral healthcare from a hardware-centric approach to a software-centric approach, leading to enhanced efficiency and improved educational and clinical outcomes.

Objectives: The aim of this narrative overview is to extend the succinct of the major events and innovations that led to the creation of modern-day AI and dentistry and the applicability of the former in dentistry.

Base-Promoted Coupling of HFIP in Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric Ring Opening of Cyclic Diaryliodoniums.

We report a Cu-catalyzed asymmetric ring-opening reaction of cyclic diaryliodoniums with 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), enabling the construction of axially chiral biaryl compounds containing HFIP ether. HFIP is highly polar and exceptionally stable; thus, it is commonly used as a solvent due to its poor nucleophilicity. However, its use as a nucleophilic reagent has been rare.

Introducing medical students to cultural psychiatry: perspectives and reflections on developing and delivering an elective module.

Cultural sensitivity, competence and curiosity are essential for clinicians. To promote these, we developed an elective module in cultural psychiatry for medical students, consisting of eight seminars. In seminar eight, we used film clips to teach mental state examination.

Orbital Lymphoma Presenting As Recurrent Orbital Cellulitis: A Diagnostic Challenge.

Orbital cellulitis is an infection of the orbital tissue behind the orbital septum. We report a case of a 71-year-old Malay lady, a passive smoker for 20 years, presenting with recurrent orbital cellulitis at the same site. She initially presented with right periorbital swelling, redness, and reduced vision worsening over two weeks, along with a firm swelling over the right temple.

Incident dementia in ischaemic stroke patients with early cardiac complications: A propensity-score matched cohort study.

Introduction: The risk of dementia in patients with stroke-heart syndrome (SHS) remains unexplored.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis using the TriNetX network, including patients with ischaemic stroke from 2010 to 2020. These patients were categorised into two groups: those with SHS (heart failure, myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation, or Takotsubo cardiomyopathy within 30 days post-stroke) and those without SHS.

Initial blood pressure and adverse cardiac events following acute ischaemic stroke: An individual patient data pooled analysis from the VISTA database.

Background: Adverse cardiac events following ischaemic stroke (stroke-heart syndrome, SHS) pose a clinical challenge. We investigated the association between initial blood pressure at stroke presentation and the risk of SHS.

Methods: We utilised data from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive (VISTA).

V-Shaped Heterostructure Nanocavities Array with CM and EM Coupled Enhancement for Ultra-Sensitive SERS Substrate.

The field of semiconductor surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates has experienced significant advancements, leading to a wide range of applications in several fields. However, the quest for new ultra-sensitive semiconductor SERS materials is still of utmost importance. In this regard, an efficient and novel substrate, FTCNQ/MoS heterostructure is introduced, assisted by V-shaped aluminum anodic oxide (AAO) nanocavities with different depths.

Antibiotic use in infants in the 6 weeks after delivery in seven low- and middle-income countries: findings from the A-PLUS trial.

Objectives: Antibiotic use is increasing in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC); however, few studies have examined the rates of use in a population. The use of antibiotics for liveborn infants in LMIC was examined.

Design: The study, a planned prospective, observational secondary analysis of the A-PLUS randomised controlled trial of azithromycin, was conducted in Global Network sites in seven countries: Bangladesh, Pakistan, India (two sites), Kenya, Zambia, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Guatemala.

In vitro and computational investigation of antioxidant and anticancer properties of Streptomyces coeruleofuscus SCJ extract on MDA-MB-468 triple-negative breast cancer cells.

This study aimed to explore the antioxidant potential of the ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces coeruleofuscus SCJ strain, along with its inhibitory effects on the triple-negative human breast carcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-468). The ethyl acetate extract's total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified, and its antioxidant activity was investigated using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assays. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of the organic extract from Streptomyces coeruleofuscus SCJ on MDA-MB-468 cancer cells was assessed via the crystal violet assay.

The influence of economic determinants on CO emissions in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries.

CO emissions in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries are precisely influenced by economic determinants, requiring a comprehensive perspective. The BRI can augment its prospects for sustainable development by acknowledging the obstacles it faces and promoting global collaboration. Examining the CO emission (COe) in BRI countries in response to economic determinants such as financial development (FD), income distribution (ID), foreign direct investment (FDI), economic complexity index (ECI), and economic growth (EG) will determine the study's long-term and short-term impacts.