The Mpox Threat: Challenges and Implications of Clade Ib for Afghanistan's Healthcare Stability.

The global spread of the Mpox virus represents a significant public health challenge, particularly for regions with fragile healthcare systems. Afghanistan, already grappling with severe healthcare deficits, faces the added threat of Mpox, a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus. The recent emergence of Clade Ib, a new strain associated with rising outbreak cases, exacerbates concerns as Afghanistan's healthcare infrastructure continues to deteriorate due to reduced international aid, healthcare worker shortages, and an ongoing socio-political crisis.

Demography of Haemorrhoids in Jamhuriat Hospital, Kabul.

Background: Hemorrhoids, common benign anorectal conditions, are associated with various factors, such as low fiber intake, constipation, and pregnancy. Treatment typically involves procedures such as banding and surgery.

Objective: This retrospective investigation aimed to assess the frequency and demography of hemorrhoids in Kabul, Afghanistan.