Identification of as A Potential Non-Invasive Breast Cancer Biomarker in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using The Systems Biology Approach.

Objective: Breast cancer (BC) still remains an imperative clinical issue, despite advances in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment modalities of this malignancy. Hence, progress has been made to identify non-invasive, high sensitive and specific biomarkers. Since immune system affects development of breast cancer, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) -a subpopulation of immune cells- can be considered as a promising tool in the field of BC biomarker research.

Crosstalk between Tumor Cells and Immune System Leads to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Induction and Breast Cancer Progression.

Herein, we review the current findings of how a variety of accessory cells could participate in shaping the tumor microenvironment and supporting the mechanisms by which cancer cells undertake the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT, a complex of phenotypic changes, promotes cancer cell invasion and creates resistance to chemotherapies. Among the accessory cells present in the EMT, immune cells (both native and adaptive) can reciprocally influence the tumor cells features, promote EMT and negatively regulate the anticancer immune response.

Identification and Validation of Stage-Associated PBMC Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Using MS-Based Proteomics.

It is well-described that the transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can be altered in the context of many malignancies to allow them avoid the effective immune response, which leads to cancer invasiveness. Here, we used an MS-based strategy to discover biomarkers in the PBMCs of breast cancer (BC) patients and validated them at different stages of BC. PBMCs were isolated from the breast cancer patients and were cultured alone or co-cultured with breast cancer cell lines.

Two Novel Tri-Aryl Derivatives Attenuate the Invasion-Promoting Effects of Stromal Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Breast Cancer.

Background: The concept of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) to promote carcinoma progression has been recognized as a venue for research on novel anticancer drugs. Triaryl template-based structures are one of the pivotal structural features found in a number of compounds with a wide variety of biological properties including anti-breast cancer. Among the various factors triggering EMT program, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), NF-κB as well as the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) have been widely investigated.

Human Urine Proteomics: Analytical Techniques and Clinical Applications in Renal Diseases.

Urine has been in the center of attention among scientists of clinical proteomics in the past decade, because it is valuable source of proteins and peptides with a relative stable composition and easy to collect in large and repeated quantities with a noninvasive procedure. In this review, we discuss technical aspects of urinary proteomics in detail, including sample preparation, proteomic technologies, and their advantage and disadvantages. Several recent experiments are presented which applied urinary proteome for biomarker discovery in renal diseases including diabetic nephropathy, immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, lupus nephritis, membranous nephropathy, and acute kidney injury.