Nasal carriage of virulent and multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a possible comorbidity of COVID-19.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) associated with COVID-19 has not been well documented. This cross-sectional study evaluated the association between nasal S.

Challenges in conducting population-based seroepidemiology survey of COVID-19 in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Population-based study is known to be a very essential type of study during and after a pandemic or epidemic, as it provides crucial information on the incidence, prevalence, and risk factors of the disease in question. There has been limited information about the challenges faced in conducting such surveys in Nigeria. In this paper, we will share our experience, and describe the challenges faced in conducting a population-based seroepidemiological study of COVID-19 in Lagos, Nigeria.

Preliminary Study on Open Labelled Randomized Controlled Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Phosphate for the Treatment of Persons Infected with 2019 Coronavirus Disease in Nigeria.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a causative agent of COVID-19 is a leading cause of ill-health and deaths worldwide. Currently, COVID-19 has no known widely approved therapeutics. Thus, the need for effective treatment.

Assessment of intralesional injection of botulinum toxin type A in hypertrophic scars and keloids: Clinical and pathological study.

Keloids and hypertrophic scars are cosmetic problems with significant morbidity. Many clinical modalities were tried in order to modulate the disfigurement related to these pathologic scars. To evaluate the clinical and histopathological effects of Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection on keloids and hypertrophic scars.

Evaluating serum level of thymidylate synthase in post burn keloid patients before and after intralesional injection of 5-fluorouracil.

Background: Keloids are fibrous lesions formed at the site of trauma due to types I and III collagen irregular production. The presence of thymidylate synthase (TS) is a must for DNA synthesis and repairs causing cell death. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a fluorinated pyrimidine analogue acting as an anti-metabolic agent that inhibits thymidylate synthase and interferes with ribo-nucleic acid (RNA) synthesis.

An Open Prospective Study on Whether Intracytoplasmic Morphologically Selected Sperm Injection (IMSI) Offers a Better Outcome Than Conventional Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI).

Objective To differentiate the in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes between the two procedures, intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in terms of relation to chemical pregnancy percentage, clinical pregnancy, live birth, miscarriage, and fertilization rates, respectively. Patients and methods This Open Prospective clinical trial was conducted during the period between Jan 2016 and Dec 2017 at one IVF unit. A total of 446 ICSI cycles and 79 IMSI cycles were conducted.

Safety and efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin in the treatment of erectile dysfunction refractory to phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Results of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: There has been recent interest in the use of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) in the field of Andrology, whereby it has been investigated in the treatment of penile retraction and premature ejaculation.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intracavernosal BoNT-A injection in the treatment of patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) refractory to oral phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE5Is).

Patients And Methods: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled prospective comparative study conducted at one center and involved 70 patients with ED refractory to PDE5Is.

Urethral instillation of chlorhexidine gel is an effective method of sterilisation.

: To examine the effectiveness of preoperative urethral sterilisation with chlorhexidine gel in rendering the urethra as sterile as the skin of the genital area, with the skin sterilised as per the International Society for Sexual Medicine guidelines for penile prosthesis implantation. : A total of 111 male patients undergoing sterile andrological surgical procedures were divided into a control group ( = 61) and a chlorhexidine gel group ( = 50). Patients in the chlorhexidine group received urethral instillation with 6 mL of chlorhexidine preoperatively and on table.

Study of autologous platelet-rich-plasma versus its combination with intense pulsed light in treatment of melasma.

Melasma is a common acquired hypermelanosis of variably successful therapies with frequent relapse. Platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) is a promising treatment in melasma, alone or combined with other treatments. We evaluated efficacy of autologous PRP in melasma treatment and the effect of combined intense pulsed light (IPL).

Risks of cardio-vascular diseases among highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated HIV seropositive volunteers at a treatment centre in Lagos, Nigeria.

Introduction: highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a decline in HIV-induced morbidity and mortality in recent years. However, it has been opined that this has led to elevated risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This study assessed the risks of CVDs among HAART experienced individuals living with HIV.

Performance assessment of SD Bioline TB MPT64 assay for the diagnosis of complex in Lagos, Nigeria.

This study assessed the performance of SD Bioline MPT64 immunochromatographic test for the identification of complex (MTBC) in Nigeria.A total of 157 mycobacterial isolates, comprising 120 (76.4%) MTBC (, 112; , 5; , 3) and 37 (23.

The Impact and Management of Gynaecomastia in Klinefelter Syndrome.

Gynecomastia is defined as a palpable enlargement of the male breast, secondary to an increase in the glandular and stromal breast tissue. Gynecomastia is encountered in up to 80% of Klinefelter syndrome cases. The pathophysiology involves testosterone/estrogen imbalance.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α- 308 G/A gene polymorphism (rs1800629) in Egyptian patients with alopecia areata and vitiligo, a laboratory and in silico analysis.

Purpose & Methods: Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of the TNF-α gene can cause variations in the gene regulatory sites and act as risk factors for some autoimmune disorders as alopecia areata (AA) and vitiligo. This study aimed to detect the serum TNF-α (sTNF) level (by ELISA) and the rs1800629 (by real-time PCR) among AA and vitiligo Egyptian patients and to determine their relation with disease duration and severity. In silico analysis of this SNP to study the molecular regulation of the mutant genotypes was also done.

Value of silicone gel in prevention of cobblestoning following punch minigrafting in vitiligo.

Background: Cobblestoning is the most common complication of minipunch grafting.

Objective: To assess the value of silicone gel application following minipunch grafting and the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in cases with cobblestoning.

Methods: Minipunch grafting was performed in two similar vitiligo lesions in 27 cases with stable vitiligo.

Lung function: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11-12 years and their parents.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of lung function in Australian children aged 11-12 years and their parents, and explore the degree of intergenerational concordance.

Design: Cross-sectional study (the Child Health CheckPoint) nested in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC).

Setting: Assessment centres in seven Australian cities and eight regional towns, February 2015 to March 2016.

Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum in the Treatment of Peyronie's Disease-A Review of the Literature and a New Modified Protocol.

Introduction: Peyronie's disease (PD) is a common condition that results in penile deformity, which makes sexual intercourse difficult or impossible, and causes psychological, emotional, and relationship difficulties for the man affected and his partner. Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH; Xiapex, Xiaflex) is the first licensed non-surgical treatment option for PD. The safety and efficacy have been demonstrated in two large phase III randomized controlled trials (IMPRESS I and IMPRESS II).

Botulinum Neurotoxin and Its Potential Role in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction.

Introduction: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has been used to treat several striated and smooth muscle disorders. During the past year, human and animal studies conducted in Egypt and Canada by two different groups of investigators have suggested a possible role for the intracavernosal injection of BoNT-A in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED).

Aim: To discuss BoNT-A and its current medical uses, the rationale for its new potential use in the treatment of ED, and the available evidence and concerns.

Safety and effectiveness of collagenase clostridium histolyticum in the treatment of Peyronie's disease using a new modified shortened protocol.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH; Xiapex , Xiaflex ) in the treatment of Peyronie's disease (PD) using a new modified treatment protocol that aims at reducing the number of injections needed and reducing patient visits, thus reducing the duration and cost of treatment.

Patients And Methods: A prospective study of 53 patients with PD who had treatment with CCH at a single centre using a new modified protocol. The angle of curvature assessment after an intracavernosal injection of prostaglandin E1, the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and Peyronie's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ) were completed at baseline and at week 12 (4 weeks after the last injection).

Changing in the Epidemiology of Tinea Capitis among School Children in Egypt.

Background: Tinea capitis remains a prevalent health problem among school-aged children.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of tinea capitis among primary school students, in Fayoum, Egypt with identification of etiological agents in both public and private primary schools.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in twelve primary schools.

Efficacy, acceptability and cost effectiveness of four therapeutic agents for treatment of scabies.

The aim of this study is to evaluate four drug regimens for treatment of scabies as regard their efficacy, acceptability and cost effectiveness. Two hundred cases with ordinary scabies were randomized into four groups. First group received ivermectin 200 μg/kg body weight single oral dose, repeated after one week.

Proficiency testing for HIV, tuberculosis and malaria diagnosis in clinical laboratories in Nigeria.

Background: Proficiency testing (PT) is a means of verifying the reliability of laboratory results, but such programmes are not readily available to laboratories in developing countries. This project provided PT to laboratories in Nigeria.

Objectives: To assess the proficiency of laboratories in the diagnosis of HIV, tuberculosis and malaria.

Epidemiological comparative study of pediculosis capitis among primary school children in Fayoum and Minofiya governorates, Egypt.

Pediculosis is a frequent public health problem. The pattern and prevalence of Pediculosis is dependent on many socio-demographic and economic factors. It is common in schoolchildren especially primary level; it may affect their learning performance.

Multiple fractional erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser sessions for upper facial rejuvenation: clinical and histological implications and expectations.

Background: Fractional photothermolysis is a modern resurfacing technique, in which microscopic zones of thermal injury are created, stimulating turnover of both epidermis and dermis. Fractional laser rejuvenation has been developed to overcome the drawbacks of traditional ablative laser.

Objectives: To objectively evaluate the effectiveness of multiple sessions of fractional Er:YAG laser rejuvenation for aging upper face clinically, histologically and immunohistochemically.

Fractional versus ablative erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser resurfacing for facial rejuvenation: an objective evaluation.

Background: Laser is one of the main tools for skin resurfacing. Erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) was the second ablative laser, after carbon dioxide, emitting wavelength of 2940 nm. Fractional laser resurfacing has been developed to overcome the drawbacks of ablative lasers.

Testicular histopathology as a predictor of a positive sperm retrieval in men with non-obstructive azoospermia.

Unlabelled: WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: The management of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) involves testicular sperm extraction (TESE or microdissection TESE) combined with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Sperm retrieval is successful in up to 50% of men with NOA; however, there is no single clinical finding or investigation that can accurately predict a positive outcome. Several studies have concluded that testicular biopsy is the best predictor of a successful TESE.