Using Weighted Goal Programming Model to Achieve Genetic Gain in a Beluga Sturgeon Breeding Program.

We estimated the desired genetic gains for important traits in Beluga sturgeon (Huso huso) using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and weighted goal programming (WGP). Two questionnaires were distributed to 122 private Beluga sturgeon farmers in Iran in two stages. The initial stage involved the first questionnaire, which aimed to gather information on the environmental and management aspects of the farms.

Seminal Plasma-Derived Exosome Preserves the Quality Parameters of the Post-Thaw Semen of Bulls with Low Freezeability.

Sperm cryopreservation is a useful storage technique in artificial insemination. Nanoparticles and nanovesicles such as exosomes are widely used in sperm cryopreservation procedures to alleviate cold-induced injury inflicted during sperm freezing. The objective of the present study was to examine the impact of varying concentrations of exosomes derived from seminal plasma added to a freezing extender on the quality of post-thawed bull sperm.

An analysis of the efficacy of universal PCR and BACTEC 9120 BD for identifying bacteremia in pediatrics.

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) are serious diseases in pediatrics and can increase the rate of morbidity and mortality. Blood culture is time consuming and can have false negative results in some case such as the intracellular or fastidious bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the PCR against automated blood culture with BACTEC.

Tuberculosis in Human Bones from 4000 Years Ago, Iran.

Background: Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is a contagious and infectious disease; in the first stage, it destroys the lungs and in the next stage other body organs, such as the spine and long bones. This disease is transmitted through an infected person and due to the weakness of the immune system, the infection intensifies. Tuberculosis has two stages: low activity and high activity.

Distinguishing optical and acoustic phonon temperatures of supported 2D materials by nanosecond time-resolved Raman scattering.

Upon laser irradiation, 2D materials experience a cascading energy transfer from electrons to optical phonons (OPs) and then to acoustic phonons (APs), resulting in a significant thermal non-equilibrium among energy carriers. This non-equilibrium presents challenges for Raman-based thermal characterization, as Raman scattering measures only OP temperature rise, while APs are the primary energy carriers. Despite recent efforts to address this issue, OP-AP thermal non-equilibrium in supported 2D materials remains poorly resolved.

Fractional CO2 Laser Versus Microneedling Combined with Narrowband Ultraviolet and Topical Steroid for Treating Non-Segmental Vitiligo in Treatment-Resistant Localizations: A Comparative Randomized Clinical Trial Study.

Vitiligo poses a significant challenge, particularly in treatment-resistant areas such as acral regions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combining fractional CO2 laser and microneedling with conventional therapies for non-segmental vitiligo in resistant areas. A randomized clinical trial with a paired design was conducted on 84 individuals with non-segmental vitiligo and treatment-resistant lesions.

Tracking of Infectious Diseases and Deadly Injuries through Signs Observed in Excavated Human Skeletons of 2000 BC/Iron Age in Iran.

Background: Throughout history, many wars have occurred for various reasons, and many empires and kings have fallen or many people killed by wars. Wars were not always due to the conquest of the country. in the Iron Age, societies were governed by tribes at the head of the tribe, and war was only for to seize property, slaves, and food.

Oral Infections in Ancient Human Skulls in 2000 BC/Iron Age, Iran.

Background: Oral infections have been seen in humans since ancient times. Excessive penetration of this infection can cause human death. Most of these infections are gum cysts and abscesses.

Apoptotic-Related MiRNAs Correlated with Functional and Flow Cytometric Parameters in Asthenozoospermic Holstein Bulls After Freeze-Thaw Process.

Many cellular processes in spermatozoa, including apoptosis and motility, are regulated by miRNA. Different miRNAs and molecular pathways are involved in asthenozoospermia (AS) conditions, which are thought to be one of the causes of infertility with reduced sperm motility. Thirty-two semen samples from four Holstein bulls with normozoospermia (NS), total motility ≥ 70%, and progressive motility ≥ 60%, and 32 semen samples from four bulls with AS, total motility ≤ 40%, and progressive motility ≤ 32% were used to investigate the function of apoptosis-related miRNAs in the AS group.

Enhancing long-term survival prediction with two short-term events: Landmarking with a flexible varying coefficient model.

Patients with cardiovascular diseases who experience disease-related short-term events, such as hospitalizations, often exhibit diverse long-term survival outcomes compared to others. In this study, we aim to improve the prediction of long-term survival probability by incorporating two short-term events using a flexible varying coefficient landmark model. Our objective is to predict the long-term survival among patients who survived up to a pre-specified landmark time since the initial admission.

MicroRNA analysis of medium/large placenta extracellular vesicles in normal and preeclampsia pregnancies.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, affecting 2%-8% of pregnancies worldwide, and is the leading cause of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. The disease is characterized by oxidative and cellular stress and widespread endothelial dysfunction. While the precise mechanisms are not entirely understood, the pathogenesis of PE is closely linked to placental dysfunction and, to some extent, syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicle release (STB-EVs).

Endovascular thrombectomy plus medical care versus medical care alone for large ischaemic stroke: 1-year outcomes of the SELECT2 trial.

Background: Multiple randomised trials have shown efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy in patients with large ischaemic stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term (ie, at 1 year) evidence of benefit of thrombectomy for these patients.

Methods: SELECT2 was a phase 3, open-label, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded endpoint assessment, conducted at 31 hospitals in the USA, Canada, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, and New Zealand.

Targeting Efficient Features of Urate Oxidase to Increase Its Solubility.

With the demand for mass production of protein drugs, solubility has become a serious issue. Extrinsic and intrinsic factors both affect this property. A homotetrameric cofactor-free urate oxidase (UOX) is not sufficiently soluble.

Major Stressful Life Events and the Risk of Pancreatic, Head and Neck Cancers: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Major stressful life events have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, breast cancer and the development of various chronic illnesses. The stress response generated by our body results in a variety of physiological and metabolic changes which can affect the immune system and have been shown to be associated with tumor progression. In this study, we aim to determine if major stressful life events are associated with the incidence of head and neck or pancreatic cancer (HNPC).

Regression analysis of multivariate recurrent event data allowing time-varying dependence with application to stroke registry data.

In multivariate recurrent event data, each patient may repeatedly experience more than one type of event. Analysis of such data gets further complicated by the time-varying dependence structure among different types of recurrent events. The available literature regarding the joint modeling of multivariate recurrent events assumes a constant dependency over time, which is strict and often violated in practice.

Defining desired genetic gains for Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) breeding objective using participatory approaches.

The objective of this study was to define desired genetic gains from economically important traits of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) using participatory approaches. Two questionnaires were sent out to 100 Pacific white shrimp farmers in all five Iranian shrimp farming provinces. Questionnaire A (Q-A) includes management factors and farming environments.

A cross-sectional analysis of syncytiotrophoblast membrane extracellular vesicles-derived transcriptomic biomarkers in early-onset preeclampsia.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder affecting 2%-8% of pregnancies worldwide. Biomarker(s) for the disorder exists, but while these have excellent negative predictive value, their positive predictive value is poor. Extracellular vesicles released by the placenta into the maternal circulation, syncytiotrophoblast membrane extracellular vesicles (STB-EVs), have been identified as being involved in PE with the potential to act as liquid biopsies.

Exploring the Efficacy of Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser as an Add-on Combination to Conventional Therapies for Treatment-Resistant Vitiligo (A Review Article).

Vitiligo, a dermatological disorder that leads to depigmented skin patches, presents a significant challenge, particularly in resistant areas such as acral regions. Fractional CO2 laser therapy holds promise as an adjunct to conventional treatment, enhancing repigmentation. This review comprehensively explores its efficacy and safety in resistant-to-treatment vitiligo.

Multimorbidity phenotypes in ankylosing spondylitis and their association with disease activity and functional impairment: Data from the prospective study of outcomes in ankylosing spondylitis cohort.

Objectives: To examine the association of multimorbidity phenotypes at baseline with disease activity and functional status over time in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: Patient-reported AS morbidities (comorbidities, N = 28 and extra-musculoskeletal manifestations, EMMs, N = 3) within 3 years of enrollment with a prevalence ≥1 %, were included from the Prospective Study of Outcomes in Ankylosing Spondylitis (PSOAS) cohort. We defined multimorbidity as ≥2 morbidities (MM2+) and substantial multimorbidity as ≥5 morbidities (MM5+).