Deciphering the binding mechanism of an anti-cancer phytochemical plumbagin with calf thymus DNA using biophysical and techniques.

Plumbagin (PLM), a plant derivative, is well known for a wide range of therapeutic effects in humans including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-microbial. Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of this phytochemical has been studied which demands further insight. DNA being a major target for several drugs was taken to study against PLM to understand its effects on the cellular system.

Coating of chitosan on poly D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid thymoquinone nanoparticles enhances the anti-tumor activity in triple-negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer around the world. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the absence of three receptors: progesterone, estrogen, and human epidermal growth factor-2 receptor (HER2). Various synthetic chemotherapies have gained attention but they caused unwanted side effects.

Safety and quality assessment of street-vended barbecue chicken samples from Faisalabad, Pakistan.

The current study was designed to assess the safety and quality status of street-vended barbecue chicken samples. The samples were collected from four regions of Faisalabad city: Ghulam Mohammad Abad (R), Jhang Road (R), Sargodha Road (R), and Satiana Road (R); and compared with the self-prepared barbecue chicken sample (R). Purposely, all the collected samples were subjected to assess the quality aspects by physicochemical analyses.

Corrigendum: Phenotype-based drug screening: An strategy to classify and identify the chemical compounds modulating zebrafish M-cell regeneration.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.

Phenotype-based drug screening: An strategy to classify and identify the chemical compounds modulating zebrafish M-cell regeneration.

Several disease-modulatory FDA-approved drugs are being used in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. However, information on their toxicity-related profiles is very limited. Therefore, measurement of drug toxicity is essential to increase the knowledge of their side effects.

Identification of compelling inhibitors of human norovirus 3CL protease to combat gastroenteritis: A structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics study.

Human noroviruses (NV) are the most prevalent cause of sporadic and pandemic acute gastroenteritis. NV infections cause substantial morbidity and death globally, especially amongst the aged, immunocompromised individuals, and children. There are presently no authorized NV vaccines, small-molecule therapies, or prophylactics for humans.

Development and Applications of Embedded Passives and Interconnects Employing Nanomaterials.

The advent of nanotechnology has initiated a profound revolution in almost all spheres of technology. The electronics industry is concerned with the ongoing miniaturization of devices and as such requires packaging technologies that will make the devices more compact and resilient. 3D packaging, system in package, and system on chip are the various packaging techniques that utilize nanoscale components for their implementation.

Recent advancement of bioinspired nanomaterials and their applications: A review.

With the advancement in the field of nanotechnology, different approaches for the synthesis of nanomaterials have been formulated, among which the bioinspired or biomimetic nanoplatforms have been utilized for different biomedical applications. In this context, bioinspired or biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized in which the inspiration for synthesis is taken from nature or its components. Innovations in bioengineering tools and bio-conjugation chemistry have enabled scientists to develop novel types of such nanoplatforms.

Temporal Cortex Microarray Analysis Revealed Impaired Ribosomal Biogenesis and Hyperactivity of the Glutamatergic System: An Early Signature of Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease.

Pathogenic aging is regarded as asymptomatic AD when there is no cognitive deficit except for neuropathology consistent with Alzheimer's disease. These individuals are highly susceptible to developing AD. Braak and Braak's theory specific to tau pathology illustrates that the brain's temporal cortex region is an initiation site for early AD progression.

Towards Understanding the Relationship Between ER Stress and Unfolded Protein Response in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Biological stress due to the aberrant buildup of misfolded/unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is considered a key reason behind many human neurodegenerative diseases. Cells adapted to ER stress through the activation of an integrated signal transduction pathway known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by degeneration of the motor system.

Process optimization and antioxidative activity of polyphenols derived from different seaweed species , , and .

The aim of this study was to extract the polyphenols from three major seaweed species such as , and which are found in the coastal province (Guangdong), a longest coastal line in China. It was found that the produced more polyphenols (34.99 mg) as compared to (23.

Conventional and Novel Technologies in the Production of Dairy Bioactive Peptides.

Background: In recent years, researchers have focused on functional ingredients, functional foods, and nutraceuticals due to the rapidly increasing interest in bioactive components, especially in bioactive peptides. Dairy proteins are a rich and balanced source of amino acids and their derived bioactive peptides, which possess biological and physiological properties. In the dairy industry, microbial fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis are promising methods for producing bioactive peptides because of their rapid efficiency, and mild reaction conditions.

Polysaccharides improved the viscoelasticity, microstructure, and physical stability of ovalbumin-ferulic acid complex stabilized emulsion.

This study explored the mechanism underlying the interactions between polysaccharides and ovalbumin-ferulic acid (OVA-FA) and the effect of polysaccharides on OVA-FA-stabilized emulsions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to study the polysaccharide OVA-FA interactions mechanism and to resolve the changes in the protein secondary structure and crystal structure. OVA-FA-polysaccharide-stabilized emulsions were studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and their rheological properties and stability were determined.

Integration of Different Graphene Nanostructures with PDMS to Form Wearable Sensors.

This paper presents a substantial review of the fabrication and implementation of graphene-PDMS-based composites for wearable sensing applications. Graphene is a pivotal nanomaterial which is increasingly being used to develop multifunctional sensors due to their enhanced electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics. It has been able to generate devices with excellent performances in terms of sensitivity and longevity.

Targeting Cytotoxin-Associated Antigen A, a Virulent Factor of -Associated Gastric Cancer: Structure-Based In Silico Screening of Natural Compounds.

Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequent cancer and the third major cause of mortality worldwide. , a bacterial infection linked with GC, injects the cytotoxin-associated antigen A (CagA; an oncoprotein) into host cells. When the phosphorylated CagA protein enters the cell, it attaches to other cellular components, interfering with normal cellular signaling pathways.

Identification of Potent Natural Resource Small Molecule Inhibitor to Control by Targeting Its Outer Membrane Protein U: An In Silico Approach.

causes the diarrheal disease cholera which affects millions of people globally. The outer membrane protein U (OmpU) is the outer membrane protein that is most prevalent in and has already been recognized as a critical component of pathogenicity involved in host cell contact and as being necessary for the survival of pathogenic in the host body. Computational approaches were used in this study to screen a total of 37,709 natural compounds from the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) database against the active site of OmpU.

Ultrasound based modification and structural-functional analysis of corn and cassava starch.

In this study, the starch molecules were modified with ultrasonication at two different time intervals by using starch molecules from corn and cassava. This research aimed to examine the effect of the high power ultrasound of 40 kHz voltage and frequency with short time duration on structural and physical properties of corn and cassava starch. Morphology of ultrasonically treated starch granules was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compared with untreated samples.

The increasing hunger concern and current need in the development of sustainable food security in the developing countries.

Background: COVID-19 has affected millions of people worldwide. Recently, international agencies have revealed that poverty and hunger could kill more people than COVID-19 victims. Many global workforces have lost their jobs during this pandemic situation.

Investigating the structural properties and in vitro digestion of rice flours.

The physicochemical properties, swelling power, solubility, and digestibility of flour from four rice varieties (black, brown, white, and waxy rice flour) were analyzed. The results showed that the black and brown rice had high-amylose percentage (21.8% and 20.

Effect of herbal formulation intake on health indices in albino Wistar rat model.

Dyslipidemia management activity of ginger-, garlic-, and lemon-based herbal mixture was tested as paste and herbal extract in hypercholesterolemic adult male albino rats. Atherogenic diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats was treated by supplementing the diet with 2.5% herbal paste (4.

Pulsed electric field assisted modification of octenyl succinylated potato starch and its influence on pasting properties.

The physicochemical properties and structural changes of potato starch esterified with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) assisted with pulsed electric field (PEF) were investigated. Results showed that PEF treatment during esterification resulted in a significant modification of pasting properties. The pasting temperature at 2-6 kV/cm reduced by 7.

From the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Treatment of mental disorders in COVID-19 survivors.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore the possible benefits of traditional Chinese medicine on the pathogenesis of psychological and mental health of COVID-19 survivors.

Methods: A literature search was conducted to confirm the effects of COVID-19 on psychological and mental health of survivors. In addition to this, on the basis of signs and symptoms, TCM were used on treat mental disorder as per suggested clinical and animal experimental data plus relevant records in classical Chinese medicine books written by Zhang Zhongiing during Han Dynasty.

Vaginal Microbiota and HPV Infection: Novel Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Strategies.

Cervical cancer is a global public health concern. The complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors is critical for the progress of cervical cancer. Growing evidence suggests that microbes, human papillomavirus (HPV), and the immune system interact closely with each other to govern homeostasis of the vaginal environment and the health of the lower genital tract of females.

Impact of pulsed electric field treatments on the growth parameters of wheat seeds and nutritional properties of their wheat plantlets juice.

This study was designed to explore the impacts of the pulsed electric field (PEF; 2 to 6 kV/cm; a number of pulses 25 and 50) on wheat ( L.) seeds before imbibition to improve the germination, growth, and their nutritional profile in juice form. It was observed that the PEF treatment at 6 kV/cm at 50 pulses increased water uptake, germination of seeds, and growth parameters of seedlings.