Publications by authors named "Ragnar Nesvag"

Article Synopsis
  • Adolescence is a crucial time when mental health issues like anxiety and depression can start to appear, and the COVID-19 pandemic's strict public health measures may have worsened these conditions for teens.* -
  • The study investigated how public health restrictions and experiences with quarantine impacted mental distress in a group of 7,787 Norwegian adolescents aged 16 to 18 from April 2020 to February 2021.* -
  • Findings showed that higher stringency of public health measures and recent or frequent quarantines were linked to increased mental distress, with no significant moderating effects from factors like sex or pre-existing mental health issues.*
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Clinical forecasting models have potential to optimize treatment and improve outcomes in psychosis, but predicting long-term outcomes is challenging and long-term follow-up data are scarce. In this 10-year longitudinal study, we aimed to characterize the temporal evolution of cortical correlates of psychosis and their associations with symptoms.

Design: Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from people with first-episode psychosis and controls (n = 79 and 218) were obtained at enrollment, after 12 months (n = 67 and 197), and 10 years (n = 23 and 77), within the Thematically Organized Psychosis (TOP) study.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Psychotropic and somatic medications are both used in treating severe mental disorders (SMDs). Realistic estimates of the prevalence of use across medication categories are needed. We obtained this in a clinical cohort of patients with SMD and healthy controls (HCs).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Recent reports have described challenges in retaining and recruiting psychiatrists in public mental health care. To improve the work situation for doctors, the Norwegian Psychiatric Association (NPA) conducted surveys to explore job satisfaction among its members. The purpose of this study is to explore how doctors in mental health services perceive their work, and factors affecting their job satisfaction.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

To identify factors associated with change in mental distress at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, relative to pre-pandemic levels, and with changes during the following 1.5 years. The prospective Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study collected eight waves of data during the pandemic (March 2020-September 2021) in 105,972 adult participants used for this analyses.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals with pre-existing mental health problems may have experienced additional stress, which could worsen symptoms or trigger relapse. Thus, this study aimed to investigate if the number of consultations with general practitioners (GPs) among individuals with a pre-existing common mental health problem during the pandemic differed from pre-pandemic years.

Methods: Data on consultations with GPs among 18-65-year-olds registered with common mental health problems in 2017-2021 were retrieved from the Norwegian Control and Payment of Health Reimbursements Database.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: There is a concern that exposure to psychosocial stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic may have led to a higher incidence of mental disorders. Thus, this study aimed to compare trends in incidence rates of depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and eating disorders in primary- and specialist health care before (2015-2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021).

Methods: We used aggregated population registry data to calculate incidence rates of mental disorders from primary- (The Norwegian Control and Payment of Health Reimbursements Registry (KUHR)) and specialist (The Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR)) health care.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Psychotic-like experiences (PLE) have been associated with the subsequent emergence of psychotic disorders as well as several other domains of psychopathology. In this twin study, we estimated the genetic and environmental correlations between PLE and 10 personality disorders (PD).

Methods: Diagnoses of 10 PDs according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) and PLE from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) were retrieved for 2793 young adult twins from the Norwegian Twin Registry.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Hypothesis: Around 5%-7% of the adult population are estimated to have lifetime psychotic experiences (PEs), which are associated with psychosis risk. PEs assessed with Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) are associated with psychosis but also non-psychotic disorders, which could be partly explained by CAPE indirectly capturing emotional symptoms. We investigated the psychometric properties of a shorter version, CAPE-9, and whether CAPE-9 scores are associated with lifetime psychotic or non-psychotic mental disorders after controlling for current anxiety and depressive symptoms.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The role of doctors is changing, and mental health care is increasingly dominated by professional groups other than doctors. In this qualitative study, we investigated how psychiatrists perceive their role and position in mental health care.

Material And Method: Seven psychiatrists were given in-depth interviews based on an interview guide.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Long-term use of opioids may have undesirable consequences. We have investigated long-term opioid use in patient groups that were prescribed opioids for various indications (chronic pain, palliative care, other (white prescriptions, not generally covered by the Norwegian National Insurance Scheme)) as well as the groups' concomitant use of some other addictive medications.

Material And Method: Persons registered in the Norwegian Prescription Database with at least one filled prescription of an opioid in the period 2011-19 were included.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Individuals suffering from schizophrenia have a reduced life expectancy with cardiovascular disease (CVD) as a major contributor. Low educational attainment is associated with schizophrenia, as well as with all-cause and CVD mortality. However, it is unknown to what extent low educational attainment can explain the increased mortality in individuals with schizophrenia.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To investigate the mortality in both in- and outpatients with personality disorders (PD), and to explore the association between mortality and comorbid substance use disorder (SUD) or severe mental illness (SMI).

Methods: All residents admitted to Norwegian in- and outpatient specialist health care services during 2009-2015 with a PD diagnosis were included. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated in patients with PD only and in patients with PD and comorbid SMI or SUD.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Individuals with schizophrenia or substance use disorder have a substantially increased mortality compared to the general population. Despite a high and probably increasing prevalence of comorbid substance use disorder in people with schizophrenia, the mortality in the comorbid group has been less studied and with contrasting results. We performed a nationwide open cohort study from 2009 to 2015, including all Norwegians aged 20-79 with schizophrenia and/or substance use disorder registered in any specialized health care setting in Norway, a total of 125,744 individuals.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Mental disorders frequently begin early in life and significantly impact young adults' ability to carry out developmental tasks, but there's limited understanding of mental disorder prevalence and progression into young adulthood.
  • A study assessing young adult Norwegian twins found that the prevalence of any mental disorder in their twenties was 19.8% for men and 32.4% for women, with notable rates for specific disorders such as anxiety and major depressive disorder (MDD).
  • The study revealed that while mental disorder prevalence decreases from the twenties to the thirties/forties, individuals with mental disorders in their twenties are at a higher risk of experiencing similar disorders a decade later, indicating lasting effects on their personal and professional development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Aims: Individual differences in DSM-IV personality disorders (PDs) are associated with increased prevalence of substance use disorders. Our aims were to determine which combination of PDs trait scores best predict cannabis use (CU) and cannabis use disorder (CUD), and to estimate the size and significance of genetic and environmental risks in PD traits shared with CU and CUD.

Design: Linear mixed-effects models were used to identify PD traits for inclusion in twin analyses to explore the genetic and environmental associations between the traits and cannabis use.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: We aimed to investigate morphometric correlates of auditory hallucinations in bipolar disorder (BD) by comparing cortical thickness and cortical surface area in bipolar disorder patients with (BD+) and without (BD-) a lifetime history of auditory hallucinations. Based on previous findings in schizophrenia patients, we hypothesized that the cortex would be thinner in the auditory cortex in BD+ compared to BD-.

Methods: Bipolar disorder spectrum (n = 157) patients and healthy controls (n = 279) underwent 1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Until now, data have not been available to elucidate the genetic and environmental sources of comorbidity between all 10 DSM-IV personality disorders (PDs) and cocaine use. Our aim was to determine which PD traits are linked phenotypically and genetically to cocaine use. Cross-sectional data were obtained in a face-to-face interview between 1999 and 2004.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Antipsychotic drug use among children and adolescents is increasing, and there is growing concern about off-label use and adverse effects. The present study aims to investigate the incidence, psychiatric co-morbidity and pharmacological treatment of severe mental disorder in Norwegian children and adolescents.

Methods: We obtained data on mental disorders from the Norwegian Patient Registry on 0-18 year olds who during 2009-2011 were diagnosed for the first time with schizophrenia-like disorder (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision codes F20-F29), bipolar disorder (F30-F31), or severe depressive episode with psychotic symptoms (F32.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_sessionurhp5fs0ohhjhlu6vbnb4blupin376tj): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once