Variation of field enhancement factor near the emitter tip.

The field enhancement factor at the emitter tip and its variation in a close neighbourhood determines the emitter current in a Fowler-Nordheim like formulation. For an axially symmetric emitter with a smooth tip, it is shown that the variation can be accounted by a cosθ˜ factor in appropriately defined normalized co-ordinates. This is shown analytically for a hemiellipsoidal emitter and confirmed numerically for other emitter shapes with locally quadratic tips.

Enhanced production of alkaline thermostable keratinolytic protease from calcium alginate immobilized cells of thermoalkalophilic Bacillus halodurans JB 99 exhibiting dehairing activity.

The thermoalkalophilic Bacillus halodurans JB 99 cells known for production of novel thermostable alkaline keratinolytic protease were immobilized in calcium alginate matrix. Batch and repeated batch cultivation using calcium alginate immobilized cells were studied for alkaline protease production in submerged fermentation. Immobilized cells with 2.