Diagnostic accuracy of smartphone corneal photography for detection of corneal opacities in a resource-limited setting: a community-based study.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of smartphone corneal photography in detecting corneal opacities in a community-based setting.

Methods: A case-control, diagnostic accuracy study was nested in a cluster-randomized trial of a corneal ulcer prevention intervention in Nepal. Smartphone corneal photography was performed annually on community members self-reporting a potential risk factor for a corneal infection.

Risk factors for corneal abrasions in Nepal: a community-based study.

Background: South Asia is experiencing rapid urbanization, which may be changing the risk factor profile for ocular trauma. The objective of this study was to compare risk factors for traumatic corneal abrasions in rural versus urban Nepal, and to assess if any risk factors were associated with a poor outcome.

Methods: In a prospective, cross-sectional, community-based study performed as part of a cluster-randomized trial, community health workers from Nepal were trained to diagnose and treat traumatic corneal abrasions.

Relationship Between Intraocular Pressure and Age: A Population-Based Study in Nepal.

Prcis: Intraocular pressure (IOP) decreased with age in a population-based study in Nepal, from a mean of 14.1 mm Hg among those 60-64 years old to 13.0 mm Hg among those 80 years old or older.

Anterior Segment OCT for Detection of Narrow Angles: A Community-Based Diagnostic Accuracy Study.

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of anterior segment OCT (AS-OCT) screening for detecting gonioscopically narrow angles.

Design: Population-based cross-sectional study.

Participants: A stratified random sample of individuals aged ≥ 60 years, selected from a door-to-door census performed in low-lying Nepal.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve the Follow-up Rate for Children With Visual Disabilities in an Eye Hospital in Nepal: Nonrandomized Study.

Background: Monitoring ocular morbidity among pediatric patients requires regular follow-up visits. We found that the follow-up rate was poor among children in our setting. Therefore, we intended to assess the effectiveness of 2 interventions-(1) counseling and (2) SMS text messaging and phone calls-to improve the follow-up rates.

Risk factors for corneal ulcers: a population-based matched case-control study in Nepal.

Background/aims: We aimed to examine risk factors for corneal ulcer in a rural and peri-urban setting in Nepal.

Methods: This population-based matched case-control study was nested in a cluster randomised trial in 24 village development committees in Nepal. Incidence density sampling was used to match incident corneal opacity cases to controls, matching on time of opacity, age, sex and location.

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Glaucoma Presenting to Bharatpur Eye Hospital: An Observational Study.

Introduction: Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Glaucoma will affect 79.6 million individuals by 2020, according to projections.

Sutureless Glue Free Versus Sutured Limbal Conjunctival Autografts in Primary Pterygium Surgery.

Introduction: Surgical excision is the definitive treatment for pterygium. Following excision, conjunctival autograft is usually preferred. Various methods for grafting with sutures, glue or autologous serum from the recipient bed are in use.

X-linked Juvenile Retinoschisis in a Young Female.

X-linked juvenile retinoschisis has recessive inheritance which occurs due to RS1 gene mutation. We report an instance in a female managed with systemic and topical carbonic-anhydrase inhibitors. 18-year female presented with bilateral blurred vision for two years.

Village-integrated eye workers for prevention of corneal ulcers in Nepal (VIEW study): a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Background: Corneal ulcers are a common cause of blindness in low-income and middle-income countries, usually resulting from traumatic corneal abrasions during agricultural work. Antimicrobial prophylaxis of corneal abrasions can help prevent corneal ulcers, but delays in the initiation of therapy are frequent. We aimed to assess whether a community-based programme for corneal ulcer prevention would reduce the incidence of corneal ulceration.

Posterior Scleritis Simulating Choroidal Melanoma: A Case Report.

Nodular posterior scleritis (NPS) is rare; however, it is critical to differentiate it from similar intraocular pathologies to prevent inappropriate and potentially irreversible treatment. Multimodal imaging is beneficial in the diagnosis of NPS. This report describes the diagnosis and management of a case of NPS with corticosteroid therapy that led to complete resolution.

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Coats' disease: a case report.

Background: Coats' disease was originally defined as a unilateral idiopathic exudative retinopathy in young males, characterized by abnormal retinal vascular telangiectasia with intraretinal and subretinal lipid exudation. The retinal detachment is usually exudative. Herein, we describe a case of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with detectable retinal break in a patient with Coats' disease.

Central retinal artery occlusion in optic disk melanocytoma.

Optic disk melanocytoma (ODM) is a rare benign tumor of the optic disk. We report a rare occurrence of profound visual loss due to central retinal artery occlusion associated with ODM in a 78-year-old female with no significant medical history. The clinical findings were supplemented by ancillary investigations.

Improving the Follow-up Rate for Pediatric Patients (0-16 years) of an Eye Hospital in Nepal: Protocol for a Public Health Intervention Study.

Background: The follow-up of pediatric patients ensures regular ocular morbidity monitoring and better treatment outcome. Hiralal Santudevi Pradhan Institute of Ophthalmic Science (Bharatpur Eye Hospital [BEH]) noticed that the follow-up rate was only 22% among its pediatric patients. Several factors like lack of awareness and forgetfulness among patients may contribute to a lower number of follow-up visits.

Comparative Study of Dry Eye Indices Following Cataract Surgery.

Background: This study aims to assess dry eye indices following cataract surgery.

Materials And Methods: A single center descriptive and comparative study was performed. A total of 100 eyes of 100 cases fulfilling the inclusion criteria from 1st June 2017 to 30th May 2018 were enrolled.

Association of visual impairment with disability: a population-based study.

Objective: To determine the relationship between visual impairment and other disabilities in a developing country.

Methods: In this cross-sectional ancillary study, all individuals 50 years and older in 18 communities in the Chitwan region of Nepal were administered visual acuity screening and the Washington Group Short Set (WGSS) of questions on disability. The WGSS elicits a 4-level response for six disability domains: vision, hearing, walking/climbing, memory/concentration, washing/dressing, and communication.

Outcomes of the Perplexed Surgical Management of Retinal Detachment in Eyes with Coloboma.

Purpose: To determine the anatomical and visual outcomes of retinal detachment in eyes with chorioretinal coloboma managed by pars plana vitrectomy, endolaser photocoagulation and silicone oil (SO) tamponade.

Methods: Retrospective review of 29 eyes of 29 patients with retinal detachment associated with chorioretinal coloboma. All the cases were managed by vitrectomy procedures concluding with SO tamponade.

Evolution of Lightning Maculopathy: Presentation of Two Clinical Cases and Brief Review of the Literature.

Lightning is a naturally occurring atmospheric phenomenon. Though uncommon, it is a potentially devastating and underreported natural calamity. Lightning accounts for the second leading cause of weather-related death in most parts of the world.

Cluster-randomised trial of community-based screening for eye disease in adults in Nepal: the Village-Integrated Eye Worker Trial II (VIEW II) trial protocol.

Introduction: The majority of blindness worldwide could be prevented or reversed with early diagnosis and treatment, yet identifying at-risk and prevalent cases of eye disease and linking them with care remain important obstacles to addressing this burden. Leading causes of blindness like glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration have detectable early asymptomatic phases and can cause irreversible vision loss. Mass screening for such diseases could reduce visual impairment at the population level.

Chemotherapy-Induced Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: Case Report.

The use of anticancer chemotherapy (ACC) has resulted in longer patient survival but has also increased drug-related adverse effects. A 22-year-old female receiving cisplatin-based intravenous chemotherapy for high risk variant of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) presented with complaints of sudden painless loss of vision in her right eye for a duration of 4 hours. Ocular findings were suggestive of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO).

Knowledge and Practices in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Corneal Infections by Nepalese Pharmaceutical Shop Workers.

Medical shops in Nepal are a main point of treatment for many diseases including ophthalmic conditions. We sought to evaluate pharmaceutical shop worker knowledge of corneal ulcers and abrasions. A pharmaceutical shop worker from each of 117 different pharmacies surrounding Bharatpur, Nepal, was presented four different eye photographs (i.

Anatomical and Visual Outcome of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Managed with Scleral Buckling at a Tertiary Eye Centre in Nepal.

Objective: To study the anatomical status and visual outcome of scleral buckling surgery in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) at tertiary eye care center in Nepal.

Method: This is a prospective, noncomparative, consecutive, interventional study of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment managed with scleral buckling surgery performed in Lumbini Eye Institute, Nepal. All the patients underwent surgery by a single experienced surgeon and had at least 3 months follow up.

Outcomes of Silicone Oil Removal in Complex Retinal Detachment.

Introduction: Pars plana vitrectomy in combination with intraocular tamponade with silicone oil is a standard technique in the treatment of complex retinal detachment. Although the use of silicone oil has improved the results of retinal detachment surgery, its removal is recommended due to the ocular complications related to its long term use. However, retinal redetachment can occur after silicone oil removal.

Reviving the lost art of scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: evaluation of risk factors of detachments, poor physiological outcomes, and perspective from a developing country.

Purpose: To evaluate the primary anatomic and physiological success of scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and factors influencing its outcomes.

Methods: This is a prospective analytical study of 92 eyes that underwent scleral buckling at the Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center, in Lumbini, Nepal. Parameters evaluated which could influence the outcome of the surgery included the lens status, duration of symptoms, locations of breaks, the extent of retinal detachment, and preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Factors Affecting the Outcome of Scleral Buckling Surgery for Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Introduction: Scleral buckle surgery retains a special place in treatment of retinal detachment despite development of new and advanced vitreoretinal surgical techniques. The outcome of any retinal detachment surgery depends on correct selection of patient, type and nature of detachment, and the expertise. This study aims to evaluate various other parameters that determine the outcome of scleral buckle surgery.