Progressive Non-familial Adult onset Cerebellar Degeneration: An Unusual Occurrence with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.

Progressive non-familial adult onset cerebellar degeneration has been rarely associated with hypothyroidism and is known to be reversible after therapy. We report a case of cerebellar atrophy in a 31 year old female whose detailed evaluation had revealed sub-clinical hypothyroidism secondary to autoimmune thyroiditis with a very high anti-TPO (anti-thyroid peroxidase) antibody levels. MRI (Magnetic Resonanace Imaging) of brain showed diffuse bilateral cerebellar atrophy.

Role of fatty-acid synthesis in dendritic cell generation and function.

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional APCs that regulate innate and adaptive immunity. The role of fatty-acid synthesis in DC development and function is uncertain. We found that blockade of fatty-acid synthesis markedly decreases dendropoiesis in the liver and in primary and secondary lymphoid organs in mice.

Dendritic cells limit fibroinflammatory injury in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.

Unlabelled: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most common etiology of chronic liver dysfunction in the United States and can progress to cirrhosis and liver failure. Inflammatory insult resulting from fatty infiltration of the liver is central to disease pathogenesis. Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells with an emerging role in hepatic inflammation.

Dendritic cell populations with different concentrations of lipid regulate tolerance and immunity in mouse and human liver.

Background & Aims: Immune cells of the liver must be able to recognize and react to pathogens yet remain tolerant to food molecules and other nonpathogens. Dendritic cells (DCs) are believed to contribute to hepatic tolerance. Lipids have been implicated in dysfunction of DCs in cancer.

Bariatric surgery and the central nervous system.

Bariatric procedures are now known to have an effect on hunger as well as on metabolism. The role of central nervous pathways in causing these effects after bariatric surgery is now being elucidated. A brief overview of these pathways has been presented for the sake of bariatric surgeons.

Diabetic and bariatric surgery: a review of the recent trends.

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective treatment for diabetes associated with morbid obesity.

Methods: A Pubmed search was made for all articles on bariatric surgery and diabetes from 2009 to present (March 2011) in order to identify the recent advances in this field. Herein we review the recent data available on the long-term effects of bariatric surgery on diabetes.

GIP and bariatric surgery.

Bariatric surgery is the most effective modality of achieving weight loss as well as the most effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin and is implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and T2DM. Its role in weight loss and resolution of T2DM after bariatric surgery is very controversial.

Animal models in bariatric surgery--a review of the surgical techniques and postsurgical physiology.

Bariatric surgery is considered the most effective current treatment for morbid obesity. Since the first publication of an article by Kremen, Linner, and Nelson, many experiments have been performed using animal models. The initial experiments used only malabsorptive procedures like intestinal bypass which have largely been abandoned now.