Association of Polymorphism with Periodontitis and Salivary Levels of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α.

Objective:  This investigation aims to investigate the association between HIF-1α genetic polymorphism and periodontitis and examine and contrast the levels of HIF-1α present in the saliva of subjects afflicted with periodontitis and in the control group. Additionally, this study aims to establish diagnostic proficiency of this biomarker in distinguishing between periodontal health and disease.

Materials And Methods:  This study entailed the collection of venous blood samples and unstimulated saliva samples from a total of 160 participants, encompassing 80 individuals diagnosed with periodontitis and 80 periodontitis-free individuals.

Salivary Fractalkine Differentiating Periodontitis from Periodontally Healthy Subjects.

Objective: The chemokine "Fractalkine" (CX3CL1) and its corresponding receptor (CX3CR1), chemokine belonging to the CX3C family, have an essential role in developing several systemic inflammatory disorders. Accordingly, the proliferation, adhesion, and migration of inflammatory cells are all affected by it. In light of this, the present study attempts to address the following questions: (1) Is the salivary level of fractalkine and its receptor associated with periodontitis patients with different severities? (2) Is it possible to distinguish periodontitis from periodontally healthy subjects?

Methods: This study included 30 individuals who had been considered controls, having healthy periodontium, and 90 patients with varying stages of periodontitis.

Novel association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of IKKβ at rs17875746 and rs12676482 and periodontitis.

Background: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IKKβ gene have been associated with susceptibility to various inflammatory illnesses, including periodontitis.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between IKKβ SNPs (at rs17875746 and rs12676482) and periodontitis in an Iraqi Arab population.

Material And Methods: In this case-control study, 94 Iraqi volunteers were split into 2 groups, with the case group including 62 periodontitis patients (37 men and 25 women) and the control group including 32 racially matched healthy people (19 men and 13 women).

The Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 as a Predictor Biomarker for Periodontitis with the Presence and Absence of Smoking: A Case-Control Study.

Background: A major issue is finding a valid biomarker able to diagnose periodontal disease with the presence and absence of risk factors. Indeed, the association between smoking and periodontal diseases and its impact on the manifestation of antimicrobial peptides has been delineated in clinical and epidemiological investigations. The antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin (LL-37) is pivotal in preserving periodontal health.

Salivary IL-17 and IL-10 as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers of Different Stages of Periodontitis in Smoker and Nonsmoker Patients.

Objectives:  The gold standard in the field of periodontal research currently is to find a valid biomarker that can reliably be used for diagnosing periodontal diseases. Given the limitations of the current diagnostic tools that stall to predict susceptible individuals and determine whether active tissue destruction is occurring, there is an increased urge to develop alternative diagnostic techniques that would compensate for the problems inherited in these available methods, such as measuring levels of biomarkers present in oral fluids such as saliva; so the aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic potential of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-10 to differentiate periodontal health from smoker and nonsmoker periodontitis, and to differentiate among different stages (severities) of periodontitis.

Materials And Methods:  An observational case-control study was performed on 175 systemically healthy participants grouped into healthy as controls and periodontitis as cases.

Assessment of NLRP3 Gene Polymorphisms with Periodontitis as Compared with Healthy Periodontium in Iraqi Arabs Patients.

Objectives:  The nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome regulates the maturation and release of the cytokines as well as the activation of caspase in response to danger signals derived from pathogenic infection, tissue damage, andmetabolic changes that have a role in the pathogenesis of different diseases as periodontitis. Yet, the susceptibility to this illness could be determined by population-based genetic differences. The aim of this study was to determine whether periodontitis in Arab populations from Iraq is correlated with NLRP3 gene polymorphisms and measure clinical periodontal parameters and investigate their association with genetic polymorphisms of the NLRP3.

Association between Caspase-1, TNF-α Salivary Level and Their Diagnostic Potential to Discriminate Periodontitis from Healthy Control.

Purpose: Periodontitis is associated with caspase and proinflammatory mediators, such as caspase-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary levels of caspase-1 and TNF-α and determine their accuracy in differentiating periodontitis patients from individuals with a healthy periodontium.

Materials And Methods: This case-control study enrolled 90 subjects, aged 30 to 55, attending the Department of Periodontics at Baghdad's outpatient clinic.