Medications and Orthodontic Tooth Movement: What Accelerates and Diminishes Tooth Movement?

The biological aspect of orthodontic tooth movement is influenced by the magnitude and duration of the applied force. This initiates signaling cascades essential for bone remodeling, which involve activating various cell signaling pathways that enhance the metabolism of the periodontal ligament, leading to localized bone resorption and deposition. This process facilitates tooth movement on the pressure side and promotes healing on the tension side.

Facial Reconstruction Using Facial Artery Myomucosal Flap: A Comprehensive Review.

The facial artery myomucosal (FAMM) flap is a type of facial flap that is constructed with the buccal mucosa and submucosa along with a portion of the buccinator muscle, which is connected to nearby blood vessels to maintain its blood supply. It is a versatile and reliable option for head and neck reconstruction, particularly in oral cavity defects. This flap is employed in the reconstruction of the floor of the mouth, alveolar cleft surgery, and tongue defect repair.