Nephrectomy: indications, complications and mortality in 154 consecutive patients.

Objective: To gain information about the indications for and complications of conventional nephrectomy as practiced in a teaching hospital of Pakistan.

Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent nephrectomy during five years period from January 2001 to December 2005 were studied with regards to clinical presentation, indication for nephrectomy, histopathological report, post-operative complications and mortality. The indications for nephrectomy were divided into benign and malignant conditions.

Diffuse bilateral thalamic astrocytoma.

Diffuse astrocytoma with bilateral thalamic involvement is extremely rare. We present a case of 10 years old female who presented with decreased mentation, dysarthria, decreased performance at school and later on with seizures. MRI scans were performed twice and were reported as Leigh's disease and hemimegalencephaly respectively.

Periosteal desmoid.

Periosteal desmoid is a benign tumor like reactive fibrous lesion developed by repeated micro trauma. We describe the case of a 14 year old boy with pain in his right knee who underwent plain radiography followed by radionuclide bone scan. The final diagnosis was that of periosteal desmoid.

Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor.

Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor (IDSRCT) is a unique, highly aggressive neoplasm that chiefly affects male adolescents and young adults and most frequently presents as a large abdominal mass with widespread peritoneal involvement at the time of diagnosis. We present two cases of IDSRCT in a young male and a female. Both typically presented with diffuse peritoneal involvement.

Congenital anterior urethral diverticulum in an adolescent boy with obstructive urinary symptoms.

A case of anterior urethral diverticulum in a 12 years old boy who presented with obstructive urinary symptoms is described. The diagnosis was made on retrograde urethrography. Open diverticulectomy and urethroplasty was done with complete excision of obstructing anterior valve.

Life threatening hypokalemia and quadriparesis in a patient with ureterosigmoidostomy.

We report quadriparesis as a result of severe hypokalemia and acidosis in a 15-years-old young man who had undergone ureterosigmoidostomy for bladder extrophy 3 months earlier. The patient was initially mistakenly diagnosed to be a case of Guillain-Barre syndrome. On investigations acidosis and profound hypokalemia were present.

Cerebral venous system anatomy.

Cerebral venous system can be divided into a superficial and a deep system. The. superficial system comprises of sagittal sinuses and cortical veins and these drain superficial surfaces of both cerebral hemispheres.

Clinico-pathological features of bladder carcinoma: experience from a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan.

Unlabelled: Bladder carcinoma is most common urological malignancy in Pakistan. The objective of the study was to determine the clinico-pathological characteristics of histologically confirmed bladder carcinoma at a tertiary care hospital of South Punjab, Pakistan.

Methods: In two hundreds and twenty one patients (172 male and 49 female) bladder carcinoma was diagnosed from Jan 1998 to June 2005.

Evaluation of erectile dysfunction with color Doppler sonography.

Objective: To assess the role of Color Doppler Sonography in the evaluation of erectile dysfunction.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Radiology Department, Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi from 5-6-2002 to 2-9-2003. All consecutive patients presenting with erectile dysfunction and undergoing penile color Doppler evaluation with injection PGE1 20 mcg were included in this study.

Role of focused appendiceal computed tomography in clinically equivocal acute appendicitis.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of FACT (focused appendiceal computed tomography) in evaluation of acute appendicitis.

Methods: The study was conducted in Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, over a period of one year. Sixty-three patients with clinically equivocal acute appendicitis underwent thin-section non-enhanced helical CT.

Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis: a mimic of carcinoma of prostate.

Background: Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis is an unusual benign inflammatory process of prostate. Clinically it mimics prostatic carcinoma, requiring pathological examination for diagnosis.

Case Presentation: A 60-year-old patient presented with 6 months history of increasing difficulty in micturition.

Value of routine renal and abdominal ultrasonography in patients undergoing prostatectomy.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of urological and non-urological abnormalities detected on routine renal and abdominal ultrasonography in patients undergoing surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and to see if they affected the intended decision for prostate surgery.

Methods: Medical records of 250 patients who underwent open or endoscopic surgery for BPH at Nishtar Hospital, Multan, Pakistan between May 2003 and December 2004 were studied. All patients had abdominal ultrasonography performed during routine preoperative workup.

Increased blood loss during posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis in an adolescent with Fontan physiology.

A 15-year-old patient with Fontan physiology experienced major blood loss during posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis. Contributing factors for the increased blood loss and potentially useful measures to limit blood loss in patients with Fontan physiology are discussed.

Metanephric adenoma: a rare benign renal tumour.

Metanephric adenoma is a rare benign renal tumour. We are reporting one histologically proven such case in a 23 year old male from Afghanistan. He presented with severe right flank pain since 3 weeks.

Cerebral deep venous thrombosis: case report and literature review.

The case of a 28 years old woman presenting with headache, drowsiness and vomiting of a short duration, is presented. She was diagnosed as deep cerebral venous thrombosis on the basis of MRI findings. Treatment with heparin gave completed recovery.

Role of magnetic resonance imaging in lumbar spondylosis.

Objective: To assess the frequency of various MRI findings in patients with lumbar spondylosis and determine their association with symptoms of patients.

Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Radiology Department,The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January to December, 2002.

Clinico-pathological features of bladder carcinoma in women in Pakistan and smokeless tobacco as a possible risk factor.

Background: Bladder carcinoma is one of the common urological malignancies occurring worldwide in both sexes. Use of smokeless tobacco by women is common in rural areas of Pakistan. The clinico-pathological features of bladder carcinoma in women and association of smokeless tobacco as a possible risk factor for bladder carcinoma has not been well described in the literature.

Vesical calculus formation on permanent sutures.

Bladder calculi are uncommon in adults and usually result from either obstruction or foreign objects. The present case report describes an elderly man presenting with recurrent urinary tract infections. Investigations revealed a bladder calculus that had formed on a permanent suture material used previously in bladder surgery (diverticulectomy) 5-years ago.

Pre- and postoperative immunonutrition in patients undergoing liver transplantation: a pilot study of safety and efficacy.

Background & Aims: Malnutrition is common in patients with end-stage liver disease and is a risk factor for post-transplant morbidity. The goal of this study was to assess the safety of an immune-enhancing diet in patients undergoing liver transplantation and to investigate its effects on nutritional status.

Methods: Fifteen consecutive patients received oral Impact (0.

Simulation of corrosion product activity for nonlinearly rising corrosion on inner surfaces of primary coolant pipes of a typical PWR under flow rate transients.

For nonlinear accelerating corrosion, calculation of activated corrosion products on inner surfaces of primary coolant pipes have been done in a typical pressurized water reactor (PWR) under flow rate perturbations. Computer program CPAIR-P (Corrosion Product Activity In Reactors) (Deeba et al., 1999) has been modified to accommodate for time-dependent corrosion rates.

Transcatheter embolization of acute non-variceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of transcatheter embolization of nonvariceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Design: Descriptive analytical study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Radiology Department, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from October 1999 to August 2004.

Role of intravenous urography and transabdominal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma.

Introduction: The present study was carried out to compare the efficacy of transabdominal ultrasonography and intravenous urography in the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma in those patients presenting painless hematuria.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of 100 patients who had both ultrasonography and intravenous urography were studied. The reported findings of these investigations were correlated with those of cystoscopy.

Lhermitte-Duclos disease (dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma).

This case report describes an adult male presenting with ataxia. Dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma, the Lhermitte-Duclos disease, was diagnosed on neuroimaging. Diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology of surgically removed lesion.