Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Pleural Needle Biopsy for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma.

: Ultrasound (US) has been progressively spreading as the most useful technique for guiding biopsies and fine-needle aspirations that are performed percutaneously. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) represents the most common malignant pleural tumour. Thoracoscopy represents the gold standard for diagnosis, although conditions hampering such diagnostic approach often coexist.

The Unveiled Triad: Clinical, Radiological and Pathological Insights into Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DLPD) characterized by complex interstitial lung damage with polymorphic and protean inflammatory aspects affecting lung tissue targets including small airways, the interstitium, alveolar compartments and vascular structures. HP shares clinical and often radiological features with other lung diseases in acute or chronic forms. In its natural temporal evolution, if specific therapy is not initiated promptly, HP leads to progressive fibrotic damage with reduced lung volumes and impaired gas exchange.

Advancing the PD-L1 CPS test in metastatic TNBC: Insights from pathologists and findings from a nationwide survey.

Pembrolizumab has received approval as a first-line treatment for unresectable/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) with a PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) of ≥ 10. However, assessing CPS in mTNBC poses challenges. Firstly, it represents a novel analysis for breast pathologists.

Transbronchial needle aspiration in severe cardiac failure patient: 'The old bull knows best'.

Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration (cTBNA) remains a basic technique that must be part of the bronchoscopists expertise. In cases where EBUS is not available, cTBNA must be kept in mind: 'the old bull knows best'.

Unusual Periaortic Mediastinal Recurrence of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma: When Making Diagnosis Is Really Necessary.

We report an unusual mediastinal recurrence along descending thoracic aorta during oncologic follow-up in a 47-year-old female smoker issued by lung adenocarcinoma with a history of left lower lobectomy and lingulectomy en bloc followed by adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III A-N2. Regional recurrence occurring along the staple line was suspected and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) combined to PET/CT allowed to reach definitive tissue diagnosis. High focal hypermetabolic activity on PET/CT at the site of suspect recurrence was necessary to check the lesion sampling by EBUS-TBNA.

Different Therapeutic Strategies in 2 Young Patients with Advanced ALK-Rearranged Lung Adenocarcinoma: "The Light at the End of the Tunnel".

Malignant pleural effusion represents a prognostic negative factor on survival conferring stage IV disease. The median of survival is 5 months and a 5-year survival of about 3%. We describe the therapeutic success obtained from different strategies in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors in 2 young women showing malignant pleural effusion secondary to advanced ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma.

Endobronchial hamartoma in a young COVID-19 symptomatic woman. Radical endoscopic treatment with a disposable bronchoscope. Case Report.

Pulmonary hamartomas represent the most frequent family of benign lung tumors that typically involve the lung parenchyma and only rarely grow as endobronchial tumors. The elective treatment of endobronchial hamartoma is the bronchoscopic resection, and in those cases in which tumor extension and localization makes it not possible, surgical treatment must be evaluated. Patients with symptomatic COVID-19, hospitalized, frequently undergo a chest CT scan and in some cases, occasional findings may emerge, requiring diagnostic investigations such as bronchoscopy and interventional pulmonology procedures.

Emergency rigid bronchoscopy and immunotherapy: successful combination in dramatic respiratory debut of pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Malignant central airway obstruction is a life-threatening condition that often causes respiratory failure. In many cases, treatment of tumor in rigid bronchoscopy must be performed urgently, soothing respiratory symptoms and improving patient quality of life, in many cases reducing time to and allowing application of oncologic therapies. Immuno-oncologic therapies target the immune system selectively and are therefore much less toxic than standard chemotherapies, sometimes leading to outstanding results in advanced cancers for which there were no effective treatments until a few years ago.