Use of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound of the Testes after Non-Surgical Sterilization of Male Dogs with CaCl in Alcohol.

Sterilization by intratesticular injection of chemical agents is a non-surgical alternative to neutering male companion animals. We used contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to monitor vascular alterations to testes immediately after the intratesticular injection of CaCL2 in alcohol. We evaluated the CEUS features of normal and damaged testes in 20 dogs after the intratesticular injection of CaCl2.

Pre- and Probiotics to Increase the Immune Power of Colostrum in Dogs.

Wide differences in Ig concentration in canine colostrum have been reported. Thus, some litters can be at risk of passive immune transfer failure. Present study evaluated if supplementation with MOS, FOS, and along pregnancy increases colostrum quality.

Ejaculation Effect on Canine Prostatic Specific Esterase Serum Concentration.

Canine prostatic diseases are usually asymptomatic in their onset and often identified in advanced stages. Canine prostatic specific esterase (CPSE) represents an early serum marker for prostatic diseases, also in asymptomatic dogs. The present study aimed to identify the effects of ejaculation on serum CPSE.

Effects of intratesticular vs intraepididymal calcium chloride sterilant on testicular morphology and fertility in dogs.

Background: Both stray and free-roaming owned dogs contribute to the serious global dog overpopulation problem. Many dog owners are unwilling to have their pet castrated for various reasons, including a reluctance to have their dog's behavior changed. A non-surgical method of sterilizing both stray and owned dogs would help to prevent unwanted litters.

The Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Vitamin E, Selenium, Zinc, Folic Acid, and N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Sperm Motility and Membrane Properties in Dogs.

Sub-fertility represents a common challenge in canine reproduction. Different protocols, supplementing daily given quantities of micronutrients, were investigated to improve poor sperm concentration and/or function, which represent breeding major constraining factors in the canine species. Little information is available for dogs concerning the effect of a daily supplementation with a complex of vitamin E, zinc, selenium, folic acid, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on semen quality.

Ejaculation effect on blood testosterone and prostatic pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound in dogs.

Local vessels ultrasonography evaluates prostatic physio-pathologic states. Testosterone promotes tissue and vascular growth. Knowing variables on prostatic vasculature is crucial to correctly apply Pulsed-Wave exam.

A dose-finding, long-term study on the use of calcium chloride in saline solution as a method of nonsurgical sterilization in dogs: evaluation of the most effective concentration with the lowest risk.

Background: Canine overpopulation is a global issue with serious health and welfare implications. Nonsurgical methods of sterilization could yield positive impacts on this problem, but no long-term data on such methods are available. The objective of the current investigation was to determine the effects of intratesticular injections of calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2) in saline in dogs over a one year period.

Alcohol diluent provides the optimal formulation for calcium chloride non-surgical sterilization in dogs.

Background: Surgical castration is widely used to sterilize male dogs, but has significant impacts on time to perform the operation, recovery of the animals as well as cost, which can limit population control programs. Previous research has shown intratesticular injection of calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2) in saline to be a promising alternative to surgery. However, long-term azoospermia was not maintained at dosages low enough to avoid side effects.

Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy on prostate volume and vascularity in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a pilot study in a canine model.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a result of urogenital aging. Recent studies suggest that an age-related impairment of the blood supply to the lower urinary tract plays a role in the development of BPH and thus may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of BPH. The canine prostate is a model for understanding abnormal growth of the human prostate gland.