Neurological impairment and malnutrition in children: The role of home enteral nutrition in real life.

Objective: Recent decades have brought an increased survival of children with Neurologic Impairment (NI) but malnutrition and digestive comorbidity remain important challenges to face. We designed the present study to assess the course of nutritional status following standardized Home Enteral Nutrition (HEN) program and to evaluate impact of changing mode of feeding, as a part of overall multidisciplinary management, on digestive co-morbidity as Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), Oropharyngeal Dysphagia (OPD), constipation and airway aspiration.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis on NI children entered into Institutional HEN program due to NI disorders between January 2011 and 2019.

Lung ultrasound in the diagnosis and monitoring of 30 children with coronavirus disease 2019.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a new global pandemic and is responsible for millions of infections and thousands of deaths in the world. The lung ultrasound (LUS) is a noninvasive and easily repeatable tool and can be carried out by the pediatrician at the bedside of children with a consequent reduction in the risk of transmission of the virus.

Objective: We hypothesized that ultrasound findings in these patients would (1) be associated with their disease severity and (2) change over time in alignment with clinical outcome.

Coeliac disease screening among a large cohort of overweight/obese children.

Coeliac disease (CD) is a chronic, gluten-dependent enteropathy with a prevalence of approximately 1% in Western countries. Up to now, CD has been described only in sporadic cases of obesity. Our study aimed to evaluate retrospectively CD prevalence in a large series of overweight/obese children and adolescents.

Long-term outcome of home parenteral nutrition in patients with ultra-short bowel syndrome.

Objective: The patients with ultra-short bowel syndrome (U-SBS) have been considered potential candidates for a preemptive/rehabilitative intestinal transplantation owing to the high risk of death from the underlying disease. We hypothesized that children with U-SBS, in the absence of intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD), could also have a good rate of survival on home parenteral nutrition (HPN).

Methods: A prospective database from the "Bambino Gesù" Artificial Nutrition and Intestinal Failure Program was used to evaluate outcomes and morbidities of consecutive patients with ≤ 10 cm of small bowel enrolled since 2000.

Celiac disease in pediatric patients with autoimmune hepatitis: etiology, diagnosis, and management.

Celiac disease (CD) is defined as a permanent intolerance to ingested wheat gliadins and other cereal prolamins, occurring in genetically susceptible people. Persistent elevation of serum aminotransferase activity is expression of liver damage related to CD, which occurs in two distinctive forms. The most frequent is a mild asymptomatic liver injury, with a moderate increase of serum aminotransferase activities and a mild inflammatory portal and lobular infiltrate on liver biopsy (celiac hepatitis), reversible on a gluten-free diet (GFD).

Wrist circumference is a clinical marker of insulin resistance in overweight and obese children and adolescents.

Background: Excess fat is one of the main determinants of insulin resistance, representing the metabolic basis for developing future cardiovascular disease. The aim of the current study was to find an easy-to-detect clinical marker of insulin resistance which can be used to identify young subjects at increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Methods And Results: Four-hundred and seventy-seven overweight/obese children and adolescents (mean age 10.