Protective effect of a nanofilled resin-based coating on wear resistance of glass ionomer cement restorative materials.

Background: The effect of nanofilled resin-based coating on the wear resistance of glass ionomer cements (GICs) is still controversial. This study aims to compare the wear resistance of four encapsulated GICs including two conventional and two resin-modified, and to evaluate the effect of G-Coat Plus on the wear resistance of GICs.

Methods: A total of 80 disk-shaped specimens were prepared from two CGICs (riva self cure (SDI) and Equia Forte Fil (GC) and two RM- GICs (Ketac Nano (3 M/ESPE) and Fuji II LC (GC).

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bulk-Fill, Conventional, and Flowable Resin Composites Stored Dry and Wet.

Surface degradation, margin, and bulk fracture are common reasons that necessitate replacement of resin composite restorations. The purpose of this study was to determine filler weight (FW), fracture toughness (FT), Vickers hardness (VHN), sorption/solubility (S/S), and colour change (ΔE) of four resin composites in dry and wet conditions. Four resin composites of shade A2 were investigated: Aura bulk-fill (AB) (SDI), Tetric Evoceram (TE) (Ivoclar), G-ænial Universal Flo (GUF) (GC), and GC Kalore (GCK) (GC).

Microtensile bond strength of glass ionomer cements to a resin composite using universal bonding agents with and without acid etching.

Objectives: To assess the effect of two universal bonding agents on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of encapsulated conventional glass ionomers (CGICs) and resin-modified glass ionomers (RMGICs) to a resin composite, with or without the use of 35% phosphoric acid.

Methods: Four materials were used in this study: Riva Self-cure and Riva Light-cure; SDI and Equia Forte Fil and Fuji II LC; GC. The specimens were prepared in Teflon moulds with half the specimens for each GIC etched using 35% phosphoric acid (Ultra-Etch) and the remainder not etched.

Mathematical validation of measurement of root fracture resistance: an in vitro study.

Background: The aim of this study was to develop a mathematically valid method of assessing fracture resistance of roots. The model developed used mesial roots of lower molars instrumented using stainless steel hand files (SS) and two rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems.

Methods: Eighty human lower molars were selected and randomly divided into four groups (n = 20).

The effect of sodium hypochlorite enamel pretreatment on the shear bond strength of fissure sealant using a resin-modified glass ionomer cement and a fluoride-releasing self-etch resin adhesive.

Background: The relative high caries risk of pits and fissures highlights the importance of protecting these areas. The aim is to determine the effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on the shear bond strength (SBS) of resin-based pit and fissure sealant (RBPFS) material to enamel using resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and fluoride-releasing self-etch resin (FRSE) adhesives.

Materials And Methods: In this study extracted third molar teeth without carious lesions or defects were divided into five experimental groups ( = 20).

The Effect of Nanofilled Resin-Base Coating on the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Resin Composites.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a nanofilled resin-base coating on the physical and mechanical properties of four different types of resin composites.

Materials And Methods:  Disc-shaped specimens of four resin composites (Aura bulk fil [SDI], IPS Impress Direct [Ivoclar], Filtek Z250, and Filtek P60 [3M/ESPE]) were prepared and divided in two groups: either uncoated or coated with G-coat plus ( = 10). The specimens were obtained and stored in distilled water (DW) at 37°C.

The effects of nanofilled resin-based coatings on the physical properties of glass ionomer cement restorative materials.

Objectives: To determine the effect of two resin-based coatings on the water sorption/solubility and colour change of three conventional and two resin modified glass ionomer cement restorative materials.

Methods: Five glass-ionomer cement (GIC) restorative materials and two nanofilled resin-based coatings were studied. Disc-shaped specimens of each material were prepared and divided into three groups, uncoated and coated with either of the two coatings tested (n = 8).

Influence of beverages and surface roughness on the color change of resin composites.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the degree of surface staining and roughness of resin composites (RC) after finishing and polishing with different methods and immersion in three soft drinks.

Methods: A microhybrid, a nanohybrid, and a hybrid composite were selected. The specimens were prepared and divided into three groups of 36 after 24 hours, and designated as either unpolished or polished using Sof-Lex discs or Enhance point.

Influence of Curing Mode on the Surface Energy and Sorption/Solubility of Dental Self-Adhesive Resin Cements.

This study investigated the influence of curing mode (dual- or self-cure) on the surface energy and sorption/solubility of four self-adhesive resin cements (SARCs) and one conventional resin cement. The degree of conversion (DC) and surface energy parameters including degree of hydrophilicity (DH) were determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and contact angle measurements, respectively ( = 5). Sorption and solubility were assessed by mass gain or loss after storage in distilled water or lactic acid for 60 days ( = 5).

Fracture toughness of seven resin composites evaluated by three methods of mode I fracture toughness (K).

This study compared the fracture toughness values of seven resin composites and analyzed the consistency of data values using three methods: compact tension, three point and four point bending for Mode I failure. Seven resin composites were selected: Estellite Sigma Quick, Esthet X HD, Filtek Supreme XTE, Heliomolar, Ice, Rok, and Vit-l-escence. For each material, 18 specimens (n=6 for each test) were prepared.

Impact of bleaching agents on water sorption and solubility of resin luting cements.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of distilled water and home and office bleaching agents on the sorption and solubility of resin luting cements.

Methods: A total of 18 disc-shaped specimens were prepared from each of four resin cements: G-CEM LinkAce, Panavia F, Rely X Unicem, and seT. Specimens were cured according to the manufacturers' instructions and randomly divided into three groups of six, where they were treated with either an office or home bleaching agent or immersed in distilled water (control).

The Comparison of Sorption and Solubility Behavior of Four Different Resin Luting Cements in Different Storage Media.

Statement Of The Problem: Structural integrity and dimensional stability are the key factors that determine the clinical success and durability of luting cements in the oral cavity. Sorption and solubility of self-adhesive resin luting cements in food-simulating solutions has not been studied sufficiently.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the sorption and solubility of 2 conventional and 2 self-adhesive resin-based luting cements immersed in four different storage media.

Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of Early Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin versus PRGF/Endoret Membranes.

Objectives. The mechanical properties of membranes are important factors in the success of treatment and clinical handling. The goal of this study was to compare the mechanical properties of early leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) versus PRGF/Endoret membrane.

Characterization of the bioactive and mechanical behavior of dental ceramic/sol-gel derived bioactive glass mixtures.

Dental ceramics can be modified by bioactive glasses in order to develop apatite layer on their surface. One of the benefits of such modification is to prolong the lifetime of the fixed dental prosthesis by preventing the formation of secondary caries. Dental ceramic/sol-gel derived bioactive glass mixture is one of the options for this modification.

Effect of calcium chloride on physical properties of calcium-enriched mixture cement.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding 10% calcium chloride (CaCl2) on the setting time, solubility and the pH of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement. Setting time was assessed in accordance with American Dental Association specification N°57. Solubility was measured at 24 and 72 h, 7 and 14 days in hydrated and dehydrated conditions by calculating weight change.

Effect of home bleaching on the mechanical properties of resin luting cements using Hertzian indentation test.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of immersion time and 10% carbamide peroxide treatment using a Hertzian indentation test after placing resin-based cements into 37°C distilled water, with and without 10% carbamide peroxide.

Methods: Disc-shaped specimens (10-mm diameter × 1-mm thick), were prepared from five resin-based cements; seT PP, Maxcem Elite, RelyX Unicem, Panavia F, and G-Cem. The specimens of each material were randomly divided into three groups of six.

Cure mechanisms in materials for use in esthetic dentistry.

The current paper reviews the curing mechanisms found in resin-based materials used in dentistry. Historical aspects of dental products and the associated curing mechanisms are reviewed. In comparison with common industrial procedures, curing methods employed for dental materials are relatively limited because of the need to polymerize quickly in the oral cavity at an ambient temperature.

The effect of aging on the fracture toughness of esthetic restorative materials.

Purpose: To compare the fracture toughness (KIc) of tooth-colored restorative materials based on a four-point bending; to assess the effect of distilled water and a resin surface sealant (G-Coat Plus) on the resistance of the materials to fracture.

Methods: Specimens were prepared from six materials: Quix Fil; Dyract (Dentsply), Freedom (SDI), Fuji VII (GC), Fuji IX (GC); Fuji II LC (GC). Fuji II LC and Fuji IX were tested both with and without applying G-Coat Plus (GC).

Comparison of the effect of storage media on shear punch strength of resin luting cements.

Objectives: To measure the shear punch strength of eight resin-containing luting cements before and after immersion in acidic solution and ethanol at different temperatures (37 degrees C and 60 degrees C).

Method: Specimens were prepared from six resin luting cements; Set (SDI), Panavia F (Kuraray), RelyX Veneer (3M/ESPE), VarioloinkII (Ivoclar), Maxcem (Kerr), Nexus2 (Kerr) and two Resin-modified glass-ionomer luting cements (RM-GICs); GC Fuji Plus (GC Corporation), RelyX Luting 2 (3M/ESPE). For each material a total of 114 disc-shaped specimens were prepared.

Comparison of the effect of storage media on hardness and shear punch strength of tooth-colored restorative materials.

Purpose: To measure the surface hardness and shear punch strength of six tooth-colored restorative materials before and after immersion in acidic and alkaline solutions.

Methods: Specimens were prepared from three resin composites; Ceram X, Filtek Supreme, Point 4, two polyacid-modified resin composites; Dyract, F2000, and one resin-modified glass-ionomer cement; Fuji II LC, immersed in distilled water for 24 hours at 60 degrees C, polished with silicon carbide papers up to 2000-grit and subjected to baseline measurement for Vickers hardness or shear punch strength. Further specimens were transferred to one of four aqueous media at 60 degrees C for a further 2 weeks; distilled water, 0.

Subsurface degradation of resin-based composites.

Objectives: To determine the depth of a degraded subsurface layer produced in dental composites as a result of exposure to lactic acid or NaOH, by observing the penetration of AgNO(3) solution.

Methods: Specimens were prepared from four resin composites; Point 4 (Kerr), Premise (Kerr), Filtek Supreme (3M/ESPE), Ceram X (Dentsply), and two polyacid-modified resin composites; Dyract (Dentsply) and F2000 (3M/ESPE). The specimens were immersed in distilled water for 1 week, transferred to one of three aqueous media at 60 degrees C for 2 weeks; distilled water, 0.