Successful Management of HPV-Associated Vulvar Cancer During Pregnancy: A Case Report and Treatment Approach.

BACKGROUND Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-associated Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinomas (VSCC) present more frequently in young women than HPV- independent tumors. Due to its association with HPV infection, the incidence of vulvar cancer is increasing in young women; however, during pregnancy, it is still extremely rare. CASE REPORT We present the case of a 36-year-old pregnant woman at 23 weeks of pregnancy, diagnosed with HPV 16-associated VSCC, Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB.

Characteristics of physical violence against pregnant women - analysis of medico-legal data and literature review.

Objectives: Pregnancy is a period which is especially sensitive to physical violence and its aftermath. Subjecting a pregnant woman to violence can have negative effects on both the mother as well as the child. In Poland, there are programs, such as the Blue Card, aimed at protection against violence, however the phenomenon is underestimated.

Analysis of the Polymorphisms and Expression Levels of the BCL2, BAX and c-MYC Genes in Patients with Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the biggest problems in gynecological oncology and is one of the most lethal cancers in women worldwide. Most patients with OC are diagnosed at an advanced stage; therefore, there is an urgent need to find new biomarkers for this disease. Gene expression profiling is proving to be a very effective tool for exploring new molecular markers for OC patients, although the relationship between such markers and patient survival and clinical outcomes is still elusive.

Correction: Pakuła et al. Deciphering the Molecular Mechanism of Spontaneous Senescence in Primary Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells. 2020, , 296.

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Using a Modified Polysaccharide as a Hemostatic Agent Results in Less Reduction of the Ovarian Reserve after Laparoscopic Surgery of Ovarian Tumors-Prospective Study.

: The study investigated whether the method of achieving hemostasis affects the ovarian reserve in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery due to ovarian tumors or cysts. : Patients with unilateral tumors or ovarian cysts, who qualified for laparoscopic tumor enucleation, were randomly selected to receive modified polysaccharides or bipolar coagulation. Ovarian reserve was analyzed by anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level.

Pro-cancerogenic effects of spontaneous and drug-induced senescence of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: a comparative analysis.

Background: Clinical outcomes of cancer cell senescence are still elusive. Here, we reveal and compare pro-cancerous activity of spontaneously and drug-inducible senescent ovarian cancer cells. Experiments were performed on tumors and tumor-derived primary epithelial ovarian cancer cells (pEOCs) that were obtained from chemotherapy-naïve patients and from patients who received carboplatin (CPT) and paclitaxel (PCT) before cytoreduction.

Malignant Ascites Promote Adhesion of Ovarian Cancer Cells to Peritoneal Mesothelium and Fibroblasts.

Although malignant ascites (MAs) are known to contribute to various aspects of ovarian cancer progression, knowledge regarding their role in the adhesion of cancer cells to normal peritoneal cells is incomplete. Here, we compared the effect of MAs and benign ascites (BAs) on the adhesion of A2780 and OVCAR-3 cancer cells to omentum-derived peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) and peritoneal fibroblasts (PFBs). The results showed that MAs stimulated the adhesion of A2780 and OVCAR-3 cells to PMCs and PFBs more efficiently than did BAs, and the strongest binding occurred when both cancer and normal cells were exposed to the fluid.

Patient-Specific Variables Determine the Extent of Cellular Senescence Biomarkers in Ovarian Tumors In Vivo.

The mechanisms and clinical significance of the cellular senescence of tumor cells are a matter of ongoing debate. Recently, the triggers and molecular events underlying spontaneous, replicative senescence of primary epithelial ovarian cancer cells were characterized. In this study, we reanalyzed tumors obtained from ovarian cancer patients with respect to the expression of the senescence biomarkers SA-β-Gal and γ-H2A.

Deciphering the Molecular Mechanism of Spontaneous Senescence in Primary Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells.

Spontaneous senescence of cancer cells remains a puzzling and poorly understood phenomenon. Here we comprehensively characterize this process in primary epithelial ovarian cancer cells (pEOCs). Analysis of tumors from ovarian cancer patients showed an abundance of senescent cells in vivo.

Performance of Selected Models for Predicting Malignancy in Ovarian Tumors in Relation to the Degree of Diagnostic Uncertainty by Subjective Assessment With Ultrasound.

Objectives: The study's main aim was to evaluate the relationship between the performance of predictive models for differential diagnoses of ovarian tumors and levels of diagnostic confidence in subjective assessment (SA) with ultrasound. The second aim was to identify the parameters that differentiate between malignant and benign tumors among tumors initially diagnosed as uncertain by SA.

Methods: The study included 250 (55%) benign ovarian masses and 201 (45%) malignant tumors.

Ovarian steroid cell tumor as an example of severe hyperandrogenism in 45-year-old woman.

Approximately, 5% of ovarian tumors have hormonal activity. Steroid cell tumors (SCTs) represent about 0.1% of all ovarian tumors.

Senescence-related deterioration of intercellular junctions in the peritoneal mesothelium promotes the transmesothelial invasion of ovarian cancer cells.

Mechanisms of transmesothelial invasion of ovarian cancer are still poorly understood. Here we examined whether this phenomenon may be determined by an expression of intercellular junctions in peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs). Analysis of ovarian tumors showed that cancer cells are localized below an intact layer of PMCs.

The expression of Platelet-derived Growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) and their correlation with overall survival of patients with ovarian cancer.

Objectives: The main aim of the study was to investigate the expression of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptors alpha (PDGFR-alpha) and beta (PDGFR-beta) in malignant and benign ovarian tumors. We performed an analysis of the correlation of PDGFRs expression and stage of the disease, tumor grade and histopathological type of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Additionally, we evaluated patient prognosis according to PDGFR expression.

The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Initiated by Malignant Ascites Underlies the Transmesothelial Invasion of Ovarian Cancer Cells.

The role of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ovarian cancer cell progression is unquestioned. In this report, we describe that malignant ascites, fluid that accumulates in the peritoneal cavity in a large group of patients with ovarian cancer, stimulate EMT in two representative ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780, SKOV-3). In addition, we identify the ascites-derived mediators of EMT and signaling pathways initiated in the cancer cells that underlie this phenomenon.

Mitochondria-related oxidative stress contributes to ovarian cancer-promoting activity of mesothelial cells subjected to malignant ascites.

Very little is known about the mechanisms by which malignant ascites modulates the cancer-promoting activity of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). Because malignant ascites induces pro-tumoral senescence in HPMCs, here we examined if this effect could be driven by oxidative stress. The study showed that malignant ascites generated by serous ovarian tumors induced oxidative damage to the DNA (γH2A.

The Proangiogenic Capabilities of Malignant Ascites Generated by Aggressive Ovarian Tumors.

Here we examined whether malignant ascites may determine ovarian tumor angiogenesis, and if so whether ascites generated by highly aggressive serous and undifferentiated cancers are more proangiogenic than those from less aggressive clear cell and endometrioid tumors. Angiogenesis was analyzed according to expression of CD31, CD34, and connexin 43. Proliferation and migration of endothelial cells were tested using fluorescence-based methods.

Severe hyperandrogenemia in postmenopausal woman as a presentation of ovarian hyperthecosis. Case report and mini review of the literature.

Ovarian hyperthecosis (OH) is characterized by the presence of abundant luteinized theca cells in ovaries that secret androgen. It typically presents as severe hyperandrogenism and/or virilization in postmenopausal woman. Here we describe a 66-year old woman with presentation of severe hirsutism, alopecia, clitoromegaly and laboratory finding of significantly elevated serum total testosterone concentration and hyperinsulinemia.

Ovarian cancer-derived ascitic fluids induce a senescence-dependent pro-cancerogenic phenotype in normal peritoneal mesothelial cells.

Purpose: After the seeding ovarian cancer cells into the peritoneal cavity, ascitic fluid creates a microenvironment in which these cells can survive and disseminate. The exact nature of the interactions between malignant ascitic fluids and peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) in ovarian cancer progression has so far remained elusive. Here we assessed whether malignant ascitic fluids may promote the senescence of HPMCs and, by doing so, enhance the acquisition of their pro-cancerogenic phenotype.

Biochemical composition of malignant ascites determines high aggressiveness of undifferentiated ovarian tumors.

Although undifferentiated tumors are the most lethal among all ovarian cancer histotypes, the exact reasons for this situation are unclear. This report was aimed at investigating whether the high aggressiveness of undifferentiated ovarian cancer may be associated with a biochemical composition of malignant ascites accumulating in the peritoneal cavity. We analyzed ascites from patients with undifferentiated, high-grade serous, endometrioid and clear-cell ovarian cancers, and from non-cancerous patients with respect to a group of soluble agents involved in cancer cell progression.

External validation of the IOTA ADNEX model performed by two independent gynecologic centers.

Objectives: The external, two-center validation of the IOTA ADNEX model for differential diagnosis of adnexal tumors.

Methods: A total of 204 patients with adnexal masses (134 benign and 70 malignant) treated at the Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland (Center I), and 123 patients (89 benign and 34 malignant) from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra School of Medicine, Pamplona, Spain (Center II), were enrolled into the study.

Results: ADNEX achieved high accuracy in discriminating between malignant and benign ovarian tumors in both centers (79.

Ultrasonographic features and CA125 levels of hormonally active ovarian tumors.

Objectives: Subjective ultrasonographic assessment is currently considered to be the best method of differentiation between various types of ovarian tumors. The aim of the study was to evaluate selected ultrasonographic features and CA125 levels of hormonally active ovarian tumors.

Material And Methods: A total of 1135 women with ovarian tumors were diagnosed between 2006 and 2014 at the Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences.

The associations between serum VEGF, bFGF and endoglin levels with microvessel density and expression of proangiogenic factors in malignant and benign ovarian tumors.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate whether serum levels of VEGF, bFGF and endoglin correlate with tumor VEGF and bFGF expression or microvessel density (MVD) in ovarian cancer.

Patients And Methods: Forty five patients with epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) and 38 patients with benign ovarian tumors (BOTs) were included into the study. Serum levels of VEGF, bFGF and endoglin were assessed using ELISA.

Recurrent endometrial hyperplasia as a presentation of estrogen-secreting thecoma - case report and minireview of the literature.

Thecoma is a rare ovarian tumor, presenting usually in postmenopausal women as unilateral, benign, solid lesion. About 15% of affected patients develop endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and 20% are diagnosed with endometrial cancer. In this case report, we present 60-year-old women admitted because of recurrent spotting of 5 years duration, which started 1 year after menopause.

Malignant presentation of uterine lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

Objective: The main aim of this case report was to present the method of diagnosis, management, and the 12-year-follow-up of a patient diagnosed with primary uterine lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM).

Case Report: A 47-year-old woman was admitted to the Department of Thoracosurgery due to pulmonary lesions suspected to be metastatic. The potential primary site of the neoplasm was not identified by previous imaging studies and specialist counseling.

Menopausal status strongly influences the utility of predictive models in differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors: an external validation of selected diagnostic tools.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to externally validate the diagnostic performance of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis logistic regression models (LR1 and LR2, 2005) and other popular prognostic models including the Timmerman logistic regression model (1999), the Alcazar model (2003), the risk of malignancy index (RMI, 1990), and the risk of malignancy algorithm (ROMA, 2009). We compared these models to subjective ultrasonographic assessment performed by an experienced ultrasonography specialist, and with our previously developed scales: the sonomorphologic index and the vascularization index. Furthermore, we evaluated diagnostic tests with regard to the menopausal status of patients.