Increasing water intake and walking with a self-management intervention using negative and positive reinforcement.

Introduction: This study compared the effectiveness of different types of reinforcement (positive, negative, and a combination of both) in a self-management intervention program designed to increase water intake and walking.

Methods: Four university students participated in a self-management program to increase water intake and walking. Multiple baseline design across behaviors that included baseline (A) condition, positive reinforcement (B) condition, negative reinforcement (C) condition, and combination of both (B + C), was introduced.