Association between number of teeth, dental prostheses, and self-reported dysphagia in brazilian old people: a population-based study.

Purpose: To investigate the association between the number of permanent teeth and the use of removable dental prostheses with self-reported dysphagia occurrence in individuals aged 60 years or older.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 5,432 old individuals who participated in the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Elderly Health (ELSI-Brazil). The outcome "dysphagia" was associated with the number of permanent teeth and the use of removable dental prostheses.

Challenges in operationalizing conceptual models in aetiological research.

Conceptual or theoretical models are crucial in developing causal hypotheses and interpreting study findings, but they have been underused and misused in aetiological research, particularly in dentistry and oral epidemiology. Good models should incorporate updated evidence and clarify knowledge gaps to derive logical hypotheses. Developing models and deriving testable hypotheses in operational models can be challenging, as seen in the four examples referred to in this commentary.

Self-reported discrimination against adults with hearing loss in Brazilian health services: results of the National Health Survey.

This article aims to estimate the prevalence of self-reported discrimination against people with hearing loss in Brazilian health services and analyze associated factors. We conducted a cross-sectional population-based study using data from the 2013 National Health Survey. The final study sample comprised 1,464 individuals with self-reported hearing loss.

Dysarthria in hereditary spastic paraplegia type 4.

Objective: To describe the speech pattern of patients with hereditary Spastic Paraplegia type 4 (SPG4) and correlated it with their clinical data.

Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out in two university hospitals in Brazil. Two groups participated in the study: the case group (n = 28) with a confirmed genetic diagnosis for SPG4 and a control group (n = 17) matched for sex and age.

Frequency and associated factors for swallowing impairment in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Swallowing impairment (SI) is an underdiagnosed dysfunction frequently seen as an expected condition of aging. However, SI can lead to health complications and considerable social impact.

Methods: The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the frequency and associated factors with SI in community-dwelling older persons.

Factors associated with frailty in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

Purpose: To identify the factors associated with frailty in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods: Cross-sectional study, whose sample consisted of 150 patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases seen at a speech-language therapy clinic in a reference hospital in southern Brazil. A secondary exploratory analysis of the medical records of patients treated at this clinic between April 2016 and May 2019 was performed.

Cognitive profile of patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.

Unlabelled: Although it is predominantly a muscular disease, impairments in the central nervous system in patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) have been described in the literature.

Objective: To describe the cognitive profile of patients with FSHD and to correlate the impairments found with clinical variables and quality of life.

Methods: Cross-sectional and case-control study that evaluated FSHD patients using a series of cognitive assessments (Mini-Mental State Examination - MMSE, Montreal Cognitive Assessment - MoCA, verbal fluency with phonological restriction - FAS, categorical verbal fluency - FAS-cat, trail-making test - TMT, and Rey's Verbal Auditory Learning Test); a neurological severity scale (Gardner-Medwin-Walton - GMWS); and a quality of life measurement tool (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey).

Speech and swallowing characteristics in patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.

Background: Although facial muscle weakness is common in patients with Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy (FSHD), the literature is scarce on the speech and swallowing aspects.

Objective: To investigate speech and swallowing patterns in FSHD and assess the correlation with clinical data.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted.

Prevalence of malocclusion in early childhood and its associated factors in a primary care service in Brazil.

Purpose: to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and its associated factors of children cared for by a PHC Service in Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Methods: a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort, carried out in 12 Health Care Practices. Of the 414 children in the cohort examined, 268 were assessed for malocclusion.

Factors Associated with Tobacco Cessation in Primary Health Care.

 Cigarettes are the main cause of preventable death in the world, and primary health care services can contribute to the management of this habit.  To describe and analyze the factors associated with tobacco cessation in groups of smokers in primary health care.  The present is a cross-sectional study conducted in 12 primary health care units from July 2016 to May 2017.

Self-rated health and hearing disorders: study of the Brazilian hearing-impaired population.

Hearing impairment (HI) is one of the most impacting handicaps related to social life, and 21% have intense limitation compromising daily activities. However, few studies have investigated SRH in HI. This article aims to verify the association between HI and SRH and factors related to hearing characteristics.

Factors associated with the initiation of breastfeeding in a maternity hospital in Lima, Peru.

Purpose: To verify the anatomophysiological, psychological, and sociocultural factors of the mother-newborn binomial, as well as their association with the initiation of breastfeeding.

Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in a maternity hospital in Lima, Peru. The sample consisted of 304 healthy neonates and their mothers.

Prevalence of speech-language and hearing disorders in elderly and younger adults according to sex and age: a population survey.

Purpose: To verify the distribution of self-reported speech-language and hearing disorders and their association to sex and age in a representative sample of the population in southern Brazil.

Methods: Prevalence of speech-language and hearing disorders in elderly and younger adults according to sex and age: a population survey based on a household survey on Human Communication Disorders (DCH-POP Study). Standardized home interviews were conducted using a questionnaire with residents of the city of Porto Alegre between 2012 and 2014.

Caries experience in caregiver-intellectual deficient pair: Influence of caregiver's psychological morbidity.

Objective: Evaluate how determinants of psychological morbidity were associated with dental caries experience in the caregiver-intellectual deficient pair.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with 299 pair, who had their oral health status assessed using the DMFT index (decayed, missing and filled teeth). Symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, quality of sleep, and socioeconomic variables were measured in caregivers.

Using Voice Change as an Indicator of Dysphagia: A Systematic Review.

Voice change post-swallow, observed during a clinical swallow examination, is often used as a clinical indicator of dysphagia risk. However, there has been limited research that evaluated the level of agreement between voice change and swallow dysfunction reported to date. This systematic review aims to investigate existing evidence relating to the relationship between vocal change post-swallow and swallow deficits identified on a Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study (VFSS).

Presence of ankyloglossia and breastfeeding in babies born in Lima, Peru: a longitudinal study.

Purpose: to evaluate the lingual frenulum and breastfeeding in infants from a maternal-perinatal referral center, as well as to monitor infants with ankyloglossia up to six months of age.

Methods: a cohort study conducted at the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal - Maternidad de Lima in Lima, Peru. The consecutive intentional sample consisted of 304 newborns and their respective mothers, evaluated during December 2017 and January 2018, which were the baseline of the study.

Speech characteristics in individuals with myasthenia gravis: a case control study.

Introduction: Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease. The characteristic symptoms of the disease are muscle weakness and fatigue. These symptoms affect de oral muscles causing dysarthria, affecting about 60% of patients with disease progression.

Cognitive performance in patients with Myasthenia Gravis: an association with glucocorticosteroid use and depression.

We investigated the cognitive performance of patients with Myasthenia Gravis (MG) through a cross-sectional study. A battery of cognitive assessments and self-report questionnaires regarding quality of life (QoL), sleep, and depression were applied. The sample consisted of 39 patients diagnosed with MG.

Swallowing impairment in older adults: association with sensorimotor peripheral nerve function from the Health, Aging and Body Composition study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine whether impairments in sensorimotor peripheral nerve function are associated with a higher likelihood of swallowing impairment in older adults.

Methods: Health, Aging and Body Composition participants (n = 607, age = 75.8 ± 2.

Access and use of speech-language therapy services in Porto Alegre, Brazil: a population-based study.

To estimate the prevalence of access and use of speech-language therapy services and identify the variables associated with access. Cross-sectional population-based study. The sample consisted of adult individuals living in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil.

Rehabilitation strategies in maxillofacial trauma: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate rehabilitation strategies to reduce trismus, pain, and edema in patients with maxillofacial trauma.

Methods: An electronic search in main databases was performed, including studies published until November 2017. Clinical trials aiming to investigate therapeutic techniques to improve mandibular range of motion and to reduce pain and edema compared to other treatments were included.

Causality and Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences: epidemiological approach.

Purpose: To review the Speech-Language Pathology literature studies from the epidemiology and causality perspective.

Research Strategies: A national and international literature survey was carried out with searches from PubMed, SciELO and gray literature bases, conducted according to the instructions of the Cochrane Collaboration and published until January 9th, 2019. The review guiding question asks if Speech-Language Pathology uses methods in their evidence to infer causality.

Influence of Masticatory Behavior on Muscle Compensations During the Oral Phase of Swallowing of Smokers.

 Chewing and swallowing are physiologically interconnected functions, which share motor structures and supranuclear regions of the central nervous system (CNS), involving a sensorimotor synchrony.  To analyze the influence of masticatory behavior on muscular compensations in the oral phase of swallowing in smokers compared with nonsmokers.  A cross-sectional study comparing smokers and nonsmokers composed of 24 participants in each group.