Profile of host cell responses to exposure to stressed bacteria in planktonic; dislodged, and intact biofilm mode.

The host defense response to microbial challenge emerging from the root canal system leads to apical periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of inflammatory cytokines and Nitric Oxide (NO) by macrophages after interaction with Enterococcus faecalis in the: plankton and dislodged biofilm mode; intact biofilm mode stimulated by calcium hydroxide (CH), CH and chlorhexidine (CHX) or Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP). For this purpose, culture of macrophages from monocytes in human peripheral blood (N=8) were exposed to the different modes of bacteria for 24 hours.

A matched irrigation and obturation strategy for root canal therapy.

In root canal therapy, irrigating solutions are employed to eliminate the bacterial load and also prepare dentin for sealer interaction. The aim of this research was to assess how irrigating solutions employed on their own or in sequence affected the tooth structure. The best way to prepare the tooth for obturation using hydraulic calcium silicate cement (HCSC) sealers and gutta-percha, thus guiding clinicians on a matched irrigation-obturation strategy for optimized root canal treatment was investigated.

Antimicrobial Activity and Physicochemical Properties of Antibiotic Pastes Used In Regenerative Endodontics.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pH, solubility and antimicrobial action of Calcium Hydroxide Paste (CH), Double Antibiotic Paste (metronidazole+ciprofloxacin-DAP), calcium hydroxide added to DAP (CH/DAP) and Triple Antibiotic Paste (metronidazole + ciprofloxacin+minocycline-TAP). pH (n=10) were measured by pHmeter. Root canals of acrylic teeth (n=10) were filled with the above-mentioned intracanal-dressings, immersed in ultrapure water, and solubility was measured by the difference between the initial and final volume (7,15 and 30 days) by using micro-computed tomography.

Antimicrobial activity of intracanal medications against both Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans biofilm.

Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans have been associated with cases of secondary and persistent root canal infections, been resistant to calcium hydroxide. So, the evaluation of the susceptibility of these microorganisms biofilms to new drugs is an important practice for establishing the best drug and consequently success of treatment. For this, in vitro biofilm formation of E.

Do different strains of E. faecalis have the same behavior towards intracanal medications in in vitro research?

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial action of different endodontic pastes against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, isolated from the urinary tract, and compare the action with E. faecalis ATCC 4083, isolated from the root canal. For this purpose, dentin blocks were infected for 21 days with both bacteria at different time-intervals to ensure there would be no cross contamination.

Comparative Effectiveness of New Mechanical Irrigant Agitating Devices for Debris Removal from the Canal and Isthmus of Mesial Roots of Mandibular Molars.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Easy Clean (Easy Dental Equipment, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil) in continuous and reciprocating motion, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), Endoactivator systems (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), and conventional irrigation for debris removal from root canals and isthmus.

Methods: Fifty mesial roots of mandibular molars were embedded in epoxy resin using a metal muffle; afterward, the blocks containing the roots were sectioned at 2, 4, and 6 mm from the apex. After instrumentation, the roots were divided into 5 groups (n = 10) for application of the final irrigation protocol using Easy Clean in continuous rotation, Easy Clean in reciprocating motion, PUI, Endoactivator, and conventional irrigation.

Antimicrobial Activity and Physicochemical Properties of Calcium Hydroxide Pastes Used as Intracanal Medication.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pH, calcium release, solubility, and antimicrobial action against biofilms of calcium hydroxide + saline solution, Calen (SS White Artigos Dentários Ltd, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) (CH/P), Calen camphorated paramonochlorophenol (CMCP) (CH/CMPC), and calcium hydroxide + chlorhexidine (CH/CHX) pastes.

Methods: The pH of the pastes was determined with a calibrated pH meter placed in direct contact with each paste. The root canals of acrylic teeth (N = 10) were filled with the previously mentioned intracanal dressings and immersed in ultrapure water to measure hydroxyl (pH meter) and calcium ion release (atomic absorption spectrophotometer) at time intervals of 3, 7, 15, and 30 days.