Brazil-TNT: A Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Followed by FOLFIRINOX Versus Chemoradiation for Stage II/III Rectal Cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant radiation and oxaliplatin-based systemic therapy (total neoadjuvant therapy-TNT) have been shown to increase response and organ-preservation rates in localized rectal cancer. However, trials have been heterogeneous regarding treatment protocols and few have used a watch-and-wait (WW) approach for complete responders. This trial evaluates if conventional long-term chemoradiation followed by consolidation of FOLFIRINOX increases complete response rates and the number of patients managed by WW.

MRI-based radiomic score increased mrTRG accuracy in predicting rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant therapy.

Purpose: To develop a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics score, i.e., "rad-score," and to investigate the performance of rad-score alone and combined with mrTRG in predicting pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.

Penis metastasis in colon cancer: A case report of an unusual site of dissemination.

Introduction And Importance: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. It is estimated that approximately 1.93 million new cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed and almost one million global colorectal cancer-caused deaths in 2020.

Mucinous Degeneration on MRI After Neoadjuvant Therapy in Patients With Rectal Adenocarcinoma: Frequency and Association With Clinical Outcomes.

Patients with nonmucinous rectal adenocarcinoma may develop mucinous changes after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, which are described as mucinous degeneration. The finding's significance in earlier studies has varied. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of mucinous degeneration on MRI after neoadjuvant therapy for rectal adenocarcinoma and to compare outcomes among patients with nonmucinous tumor, mucinous tumor, and mucinous degeneration on MRI.

Rectal stimulation with prebiotics and probiotics before ileostomy reversal: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Ileostomy closure is associated with a high rate of postoperative morbidity, and adynamic ileus is the most common complication, with an incidence of up to 32%. This complication is associated with delayed initiation of oral diet intake, abdominal distention, prolonged hospital stay, and more significant patient discomfort. The present study aims to evaluate the rectal stimulus with prebiotics and probiotics before ileostomy reversal.

Outcomes of redo for failed colorectal or coloanal anastomoses: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to review the outcomes of redo procedures for failed colorectal or coloanal anastomoses.

Methods: A systematic review was performed using the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and LILACS databases. The inclusion criteria were adult patients undergoing colectomy with primary colorectal or coloanal anastomosis and studies that assessed the postoperative results.

The impact of the institutional abdominoperineal resections volume on short-term outcomes and expenses: a nationwide study.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the institutional volume of abdominoperineal resections (APR) on the short-term outcomes and costs in the Brazilian Public Health system.

Methods: This population-based study evaluated the number of APRs by institutions performed in the Brazilian Public Health system from January/2010 to July/2022. Data were extracted from a public domain from the Brazilian Public Health system.

Timing of resection of synchronous colorectal liver metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The resection of the primary colorectal tumor and liver metastases is the only potentially curative strategy. In such cases, there is no consensus on whether the resection of the primary tumor and metastases should be performed simultaneously or whether a staged approach should be performed (resection of the primary tumor and after, hepatectomy, or the "liver first" approach). The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of hepatectomy associated with colectomy in colorectal neoplasms, comparing simultaneous and staged resection.

Outcomes of Patients With Local Regrowth After Nonoperative Management of Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Clinical complete responders after chemoradiation for rectal cancer are increasingly being managed by a watch-and-wait strategy. Nonetheless, a significant proportion will experience a local regrowth, and the long-term oncological outcomes of these patients is not totally known.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of patients who submitted to a watch-and-wait strategy and developed a local regrowth, and to compare these results with sustained complete clinical responders.