The financing of medicines in Brazilian municipalities: whose responsibility is it?

Objective: To analyze the investments made in medicines by the federated entities and the asymmetries in these investments from 2016 to 2020, which may have an impact on the supply of and access to these medicines in the SUS.

Methods: This is an exploratory, retrospective study to identify who are the main entities responsible for investment in Primary Care medicines in municipalities, the evolution, counterparts, and regional differences of this investment between 2016 and 2020.

Results: The amounts spent on medicines by Brazilian municipalities were higher than the contribution to the CBAF from the MS or the MS + State in all the years analyzed.

[Twenty years since the publication of medication price regulation in Brazil: time to update?].

Criteria for setting medication prices in Brazil are set forth in CMED Resolution n. 2/2004 of the (Medicines Market Regulation Chamber). The stipulated prices influence the private and public markets, which makes it challenging to review pricing policies due to the need to harmonize social and economic interests.

New Protocol for Evaluating Maximum Inspiratory Pressure: Concurrent Validity and Test-Retest Reliability.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to validate a maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) test protocol based on the principles of the 1-repetition maximum (1RM) test, assess its test-retest reliability, and establish minimal detectable change (MDC) in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: Forty-nine individuals with COPD were included in the study, of whom 44 individuals attended 2 appointments separated by 7 to 10 days for test-retest reliability. The MIP test was performed using a threshold valve device (1RM-based protocol) and the digital manometer (reference test).

Clinical guidelines for herpes labialis: recommendations and quality evaluation according to AGREE II.

Unlabelled: Cold sores require Healthcare professionals to employ specific approaches for prevention and management, with the need for effective therapeutic guidelines and ongoing improvement in patient care.

Aim: To evalúate the methodological quality of Clinical Guidelines (CG), clinical guides and manuals for care of the population affected by herpes labialis, to verify their compliance with evidence-based health standards.

Materials And Method: A search was conducted for CG on labial herpes in the MedicalLiteratureAnalysis andRetrieval System Online (Medline) database, Google Scholar, Brazilian Virtual Health Library (BVS), and sites of institutions/professional categories, using the descriptors "herpes labialis" or "oral herpes".

Availability of emergency contraception in large Brazilian municipalities: a guaranteed right?

Emergency Contraception (EC) is available in Brazil since 1996, when it was adopted as one if the family planning strategies and, in 1998, for use in services assisting victims of sexual violence. In the country, its use is regulated by guidelines. Its access through SUS (Unified Health System), however, does not seem to occur in a standardized manner.

Medicine manipulation: An alternative to mitigate therapeutic gaps in the Brazilian Unified Health System?

Despite the various initiatives carried out in Brazil and in the world, the challenge of offering essential medicines in adequate presentations remains, especially to the public affected by diseases considered neglected and the pediatric population, for whom the therapeutic options remain limited. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the production of manipulated medicines as a strategy to mitigate therapeutic and access gaps to essential medicines within the Brazilian public health system, called the Unified Health System (SUS). The evaluation, carried out between 2020 and 2021, identified, among the medicines considered essential to the Brazilian health context, those unavailable, for which strategies were evaluated to mitigate the identified unavailability, which is conventionally called therapeutic gaps.

Prevalence and factors associated with depression in people living with HIV/AIDS in a Brazilian metropolitan region.

The frequent association between mental disorders and HIV infection may be related to several risk factors. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of depression and its associated factors in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who attended four outpatient clinics in Fortaleza, Brazil, between September 2014 and April 2015. In addition to the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview questionnaire, which was used to identify the prevalence of depressive disorder, the researchers applied a sociodemographic questionnaire, and the Hamilton Depression Scale to classify the severity of depression.

Quality appraisal of existing guidelines for the management of headache disorders by the AGREE II's method.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of existing clinical practice guidelines for headache management and their main recommendations.

Background: Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines have been developed to support the clinical decision-making. However, to achieve this goal, the quality of these guidelines must be ensured.

Comparative analysis of the use and control of thalidomide in Brazil and different countries: is it possible to say there is safety?

Introduction: One of the biggest drug disasters in history has not prevented thalidomide from being used to treat various clinical conditions. Currently, Brazil has a worrying scenario: high consumption of the drug and, cases of pregnant women using thalidomide, even after adopting restrictive legislation.

Areas Covered: This review of the literature and legislation sought to comparatively analyze the monitoring of thalidomide use in Brazil and other countries that use this drug.

Mesoscale and wind-driven intra-annual variability in the East Auckland Current.

Intra-annual variability in the East Auckland Current (EAuC) was studied using a year-long timeseries of in situ and remotely-sensed velocity, temperature and salinity observations. Satellite-derived velocities correlated well ([Formula: see text]) with in situ observations and well-represent the long-term ([Formula: see text] days) variability of the upper ocean circulation. Four mesoscale eddies were observed during the year (for 260 days) which generated distinct flows between the continental slope and rise.

The organization, weaknesses, and challenges of the control of thalidomide in Brazil: A review.

The drug thalidomide has resurged in the world market under restrictive conditions for marketing and use. In Brazil, there are still cases of pregnant women using thalidomide even after the implementation of laws that regulate the control of use (Law No. 10.

Synthesis of Densely Substituted Sulfonylfurans and Dihydrofurans via Cascade Reactions of α-Functionalized Nitroalkenes with β-Ketosulfones.

The reaction of β-ketosulfones with different α-functionalized nitroalkenes affords diversely substituted sulfonylfurans and dihydrofurans. Furthermore, β-ketosulfones react with α-bromonitroalkenes and α-hydrazinonitroalkenes via a cascade Michael addition-cyclization protocol to afford nitrodihydrofurans and hydrazinodihydrofurans, respectively, bearing a key sulfonyl group, in excellent yields with a broad substrate scope. Application of these products has been demonstrated by the synthesis of pyrroles and pyrazoles in good yields.

PARKINSONISM AS AN ATYPICAL MANIFESTATION OF PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM.

Objective: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) occurs as a result of hyperfunctional parathyroid glands resulting in an elevation of serum calcium levels. The association between hypoparathyroidism and parkinsonism have been frequently reported in the literature, while evidence of hyperparathyroidism associated with parkinsonism is rare.

Methods: The present study reports a case of a patient that had PHPT and developed symptoms of parkinsonism.

The different clinical guideline standards in Brazil: High cost treatment diseases versus poverty-related diseases.

Each year, evidence-based clinical guidelines gain more space in the health professionals' practice and in services organization. Due to the scarcity of scientific publications focused on diseases of poverty, the development of well-founded clinical guidelines becomes more and more important. In view of that, this paper aims to evaluate the quality of Brazilian guidelines for those diseases.

The regulation and adoption of health technologies under Brazil's Unified Health System: barriers to access to medicines for diseases of poverty?

The study aimed to examine the regulation and adoption of health technologies for the diseases of poverty in the Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS). An exploratory, descriptive study was conducted between January and May 2016 consisting of the search and analysis of relevant documents on the websites of Brazil's National Health Surveillance Agency, the U.S.

[Priorities of clinical drug trials in Brazil and neglected diseases of poverty].

Objective: To identify clinical drug trials performed in Brazil between 2012 and 2015, with emphasis on those focusing on neglected diseases of poverty.

Method: Two clinical trial registries, ReBEC (Brazilian registry) and ClinicalTrials.gov were surveyed.

The cost of excessive postoperative use of antimicrobials: the context of a public hospital.

Objective: To evaluate the improper use of antimicrobials during the postoperative period and its economic impact.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study by collecting data from medical records of 237 patients operated on between 01/11/08 and 31/12/08.

Results: from the 237 patients with the information collected, 217 (91.

[Indicators for drug selection in health systems: an integrative review].

Objective: To produce a panel of the main drug selection indicators by performing an integrative literature review.

Methods: After the elaboration of a review protocol, searches were conducted in LILACS, MEDLINE, Embase, and SciELO databases. The following search terms were used: "indicators"; "criteria"; "drug selection"; "pharmacy and therapeutics committee"; and "medication form"; with the applicable variations in English and Spanish.

1H and 13C NMR analysis of 2-acetamido-3-mercapto-3-methyl-N-aryl-butanamides and 2-acetamido-3-methyl-3-nitrososulfanyl-N-aryl-butanamide derivatives.

The complete assignment of the (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra of various 2-acetamido-3-mercapto-3-methyl-N-aryl-butanamides and 2-acetamide-3-methyl-3-nitrososulfanyl-N-aryl-butanamides with p-methoxy, o-chloro and m-chloro substituents is reported.

Isolation of Robinsoniella peoriensis from four human specimens.

Robinsoniella peoriensis is a recently described anaerobic, spore-forming, Gram-positive bacillus originally recovered from swine manure. We report four human cases in which R. peoriensis was isolated from clinical samples.

Lexical and grammatical development in a child with cochlear implant and attention deficit: A case study.

This is the first study to explore lexical and grammatical development in a deaf child diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Inattentive sub-type (ADHD/I). The child, whose family language was Spanish, was fitted with a cochlear implant (CI) when she was 18 months old. ADHD/I, for which she was prescribed medication, was diagnosed 3;6 years later.