Inexpensive Materials for Microsurgery in Middle- and Low-Income Countries.

With the continuous incorporation of new technologies and advancements in surgical technique, microsurgical procedures around the world have generated a higher success rate and innovative procedures are now possible. In this setting, limitations regarding accessibility and acquisition of medical resources and equipment for these types of operations may be difficult in developing countries. We believe the dexterities of surgeons go beyond the surgical technique, meaning that we are able to use everyday materials to re-create affordable solutions that can be used during surgery in a safe way.

Learning to sense from events via semantic variational autoencoder.

In this paper, we introduce the concept of learning to sense, which aims to emulate a complex characteristic of human reasoning: the ability to monitor and understand a set of interdependent events for decision-making processes. Event datasets are composed of textual data and spatio-temporal features that determine where and when a given phenomenon occurred. In learning to sense, related events are mapped closely to each other in a semantic vector space, thereby identifying that they contain similar contextual meaning.

A network-based positive and unlabeled learning approach for fake news detection.

Fake news can rapidly spread through internet users and can deceive a large audience. Due to those characteristics, they can have a direct impact on political and economic events. Machine Learning approaches have been used to assist fake news identification.

Comparison of Photobiomodulation and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Tissue Repair on Collagenase-Induced Achilles Tendon Inflammation in Rats.

Background: Tendinopathy is characterized by pain, edema, and structural changes in tendon tissue.

Objective: In this animal study we decided to compare the short- and medium-term effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), dexamethasone, and diclofenac on inflammation and tendon tissue repair in collagenase-induced tendinitis.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred five female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups.

The effect of epidurally administered dexamethasone with lignocaine for post-operative analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. A dose-response study.

Purpose:: To evaluate the postoperative analgesic and adverse effects of three doses of dexamethasone, administered epidurally in combination with lignocaine, in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy (OVH).

Methods:: Twenty-four female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy were pre-medicated with acepromazine and general anaesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol. Animals were randomly allocated into four groups of six.

Comparison between two different experimental models of osteoarthritis in rabbits. Intra-articular collagenase injection and anterior cruciate ligament transection.

Purpose:: To compare two different experimental models of osteoarthritis in rabbits: intra-articular collagenase injection and anterior cruciate ligament transection.

Methods:: Ten adult rabbits were randomly divided in two groups: COLL (collagenase group) and ACLT (anterior cruciate ligament transection). The COLL group was treated with 0.

Nondecalcified histologic study of bone response to titanium implants topographically modified by laser with and without hydroxyapatite coating.

The purpose of this study was nondecalcified histologic analysis of titanium implants modified by laser with and without hydroxyapatite. Implants with three modified surfaces were inserted into rabbit tibias: group 1, machined surface; group 2, irradiated (laser); and group 3, irradiated and hydroxyapatite coated (biomimetic method). The mean surface roughness (Ra) scores of groups 2 and 3 were higher than that of group 1.

Comparative study between fibrin glue and platelet rich plasma in dogs skin grafts.

Purpose: Compare fibrin glue (Tissucol(®)) and platelet-rich plasma in full-thickness mesh skin grafts in dogs.

Methods: Eighteen dogs were used, divided into two groups: fibrin glue (FG) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). In all the animals, a full-thickness 3x3 cm mesh skin graft was implanted.

Effect of simvastatin on passive strain-induced skeletal muscle injury in rats.

Introduction: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are the most frequently prescribed drugs for treatment of lipid imbalance, but they have side effects, such as myopathy. Our aim was to assess the effect of simvastatin on the inflammatory process induced by skeletal muscle injury.

Methods: Rats were divided into experimental groups [control group, simvastatin (20 mg/kg) group, group treated with simvastatin (20 mg/kg) and subjected to injury, and group subjected to injury only].

Red (660 nm) and infrared (830 nm) low-level laser therapy in skeletal muscle fatigue in humans: what is better?

In animal and clinical trials low-level laser therapy (LLLT) using red, infrared and mixed wavelengths has been shown to delay the development of skeletal muscle fatigue. However, the parameters employed in these studies do not allow a conclusion as to which wavelength range is better in delaying the development of skeletal muscle fatigue. With this perspective in mind, we compared the effects of red and infrared LLLT on skeletal muscle fatigue.

Comparison between cold water immersion therapy (CWIT) and light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) in short-term skeletal muscle recovery after high-intensity exercise in athletes--preliminary results.

In the last years, phototherapy has becoming a promising tool to improve skeletal muscle recovery after exercise, however, it was not compared with other modalities commonly used with this aim. In the present study we compared the short-term effects of cold water immersion therapy (CWIT) and light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) with placebo LEDT on biochemical markers related to skeletal muscle recovery after high-intensity exercise. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial was performed with six male young futsal athletes.

Surface and biomechanical study of titanium implants modified by laser with and without hydroxyapatite coating, in rabbits.

Surface and biomechanical analysis of titanium implant surfaces modified by laser beam with and without hydroxyapatite. Titanium implants with 3 different surfaces were inserted into the tibias of 30 rabbits: group I (GI) machined surface (control group), group II irradiated with laser (GII), and group III irradiated with laser and hydroxyapatite coating applied-biomimetic method (GIII). Topographical analysis with scanning electron microscopy was made before surgery in the tibia.

Effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the development of exercise-induced skeletal muscle fatigue and changes in biochemical markers related to postexercise recovery.

Study Design: Randomized crossover double-blinded placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate if low-level laser therapy (LLLT) can affect biceps muscle performance, fatigue development, and biochemical markers of postexercise recovery.

Background: Cell and animal studies have suggested that LLLT can reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in muscle tissue.

Effect of cluster multi-diode light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) on exercise-induced skeletal muscle fatigue and skeletal muscle recovery in humans.

Background And Objectives: There are some indications that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) may delay the development of skeletal muscle fatigue during high-intensity exercise. There have also been claims that LED cluster probes may be effective for this application however there are differences between LED and laser sources like spot size, spectral width, power output, etc. In this study we wanted to test if light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) can alter muscle performance, fatigue development and biochemical markers for skeletal muscle recovery in an experimental model of biceps humeri muscle contractions.

Comparison between single-diode low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and LED multi-diode (cluster) therapy (LEDT) applications before high-intensity exercise.

Background Data And Objective: There is anecdotal evidence that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) may affect the development of muscular fatigue, minor muscle damage, and recovery after heavy exercises. Although manufacturers claim that cluster probes (LEDT) maybe more effective than single-diode lasers in clinical settings, there is a lack of head-to-head comparisons in controlled trials. This study was designed to compare the effect of single-diode LLLT and cluster LEDT before heavy exercise.

Use of castor oil polyurethane in an alternative technique for medial patella surgical correction in dogs.

Purpose: Comparative morphologic study of utilization of castor oil polymer in dogs joints, as an alternative technique to autogenous graft, in surgical correction of medial patella luxation.

Methods: Twelve adult dogs, of both sexes, were randomly allocated to two different groups of six animals each. Group I (biopolymer) consisted of the deepening of the right femoral troclea, with the implantation of the biopolymer prothesis, and compared to group II (control) which consisted of the conventional trocleoplastia technique with wedged cut of the left femoral troclea.

Analysis of titanium surface irradiated with laser, with and without deposited of durapatite.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse the surface of titanium implants using disc irradiated with lasers.

Methods: Titanium discs were irradiated with laser high insensitive (Nd-YAG), deposited durapatite and used thermal treatment. Sample received qualitative morphological analyse trough micrographics with many size in SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy).

Morphology of autogenous bone graft and castor oil polyurethane in the infraorbital rim of rabbits: a comparative study.

Purpose: Morphological study comparing castor oil polyurethane and autogenous bone graft to repair bone defect in zygomatic bone of rabbits.

Methods: Twenty-four adult, male New Zealand rabbits were randomly distributed between two groups of twelve. Bone defects of 5mm in diameter were cut through the zygomatic bone and filled with polyurethane discs in the experimental group or autogenous bone harvested from the tibia in the control group.