Patients with drug-abuse poisoning with and without HIV infection: differential characteristics.

Objectives: Persons with HIV infection who use illicit drugs have higher morbidity and mortality rates than nonusers with or without HIV infection. The objetive were to detect differences between acute poisoning from illicit drugs in patients with and without HIV infection who are attended in hospital emergency departments, and to identify independent factors associated with a worse prognosis, defined by hospital admission or death.

Material And Methods: Observational study in 2 hospitals between January 2017 and 31 December 2021.

Amphetamine-related intoxications in people living with HIV: An observational study in an emergency department in Barcelona (Spain) from 2018 to 2020.

Background: Stimulant drugs, particularly amphetamines, are more commonly implicated in drug-related deaths in people living with HIV; however, the clinical characteristics of amphetamine-related intoxication in people living with HIV are poorly described.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in people living with HIV who were admitted for amphetamine-related intoxication to an emergency department of a teaching hospital between 2018 and 2021. Severe intoxication (SI) was arbitrarily defined as requiring admission to the emergency medical support unit and receiving medical treatment for ≥6 h.

COVID-19 vaccination coverage and vaccine hesitancy among people with opioid use disorder in Barcelona, Spain.

Introduction: People with substance use disorders are considered a priority group for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination as they are at elevated risk of COVID-19 and its severe complications. However, data are scarce about vaccination coverage in a real-world setting.

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in people with opioid use disorder (OUD) from three public centres for outpatient drug addiction treatment in Barcelona, Spain, who received brief medical advice and were referred to vaccination clinic sites.

Mortality in patients treated for COVID-19 in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital during the first phase of the pandemic: Derivation of a risk model for emergency departments.

Objectives: To develop a risk model to predict 30-day mortality after emergency department treatment for COVID-19.

Material And Methods: Observational retrospective cohort study including 2511 patients with COVID-19 who came to our emergency department between March 1 and April 30, 2020. We analyzed variables with Kaplan Meier survival and Cox regression analyses.

Factors associated with revisits by patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection discharged from a hospital emergency department.

Objectives: To analyze emergency department (ED) revisits from patients discharged with possible coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Material And Methods: Retrospective observational study of consecutive patients who came to the ED over a period of 2 months and were diagnosed with possible COVID-19. We analyzed clinical and epidemiologic variables, treatments given in the ED, discharge destination, need to revisit, and reasons for revisits.

Acute street drug poisoning in the patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection: the role of chemsex.

Objectives: To identify the drugs usually abused in cases of acute poisoning in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients.

Material And Methods: Retrospective study of episodes of acute street drug poisoning in HIV-infected patients in our emergency department over a period of 1 year. Chemsex was defined as the use of methamphetamines, -hydroxybutyrate (GHB), -butyrolactone (GBL), and/or mephedrone in order to prolong sexual activity.

Changes in the etiology, incidence and prognosis of acute lower respiratory track infections in human immunodeficiency virus patients.

Aim: To describe the incidence, the changes in the etiology and the prognosis of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in HIV infected patients, presenting by the first time to the Emergency Department (ED), during years 2000-2010.

Study Design: Prospective collection of data.

Methods: Data were collected on the first visit of HIV-infected patients at our ED due to a LRTI, (defined according to the criteria of the European Respiratory Society), between 1/1/2000 and 31/12/2010.

Estimating the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic techniques.

Background: Pneumococcal pneumonia causes significant morbidity and mortality among adults. Given limitations of diagnostic tests for non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia, most studies report the incidence of bacteremic or invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), and thus, grossly underestimate the pneumococcal pneumonia burden. We aimed to develop a conceptual and quantitative strategy to estimate the non-bacteremic disease burden among adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) using systematic study methods and the availability of a urine antigen assay.

Diagnostic and management of spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma.

Background: Spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma is an uncommon and often misdiagnosed cause of abdominal pain. The aim of this study is to describe our experience in their management.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of the characteristics and outcomes of the spontaneous rectus sheath hematomas diagnosed over the last 12years was conducted.

Urgent pneumococcal urinary antigen, importance in the diagnosis of acquired pneumonia in HIV-1 patients.

The aim of our study was to determine the usefulness of pneumococcal urinary antigen (UA) collected in the emergency department (ED) for the microbiologic diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in HIV patients and to compare it with other diagnostic tests. Prospective study from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2008 included HIV-infected patients admitted at the ED with respiratory symptoms and who were diagnosed of CAP. UA, two blood cultures and sputum sample for culture determination were collected from every patient.

Predicting bacteremic pneumonia in HIV-1-infected patients consulting the ED.

Introduction: HIV-1-infected patients have higher incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and risk of complications. Bacteremia has been associated with a higher risk of complications in such patients. We investigated factors associated with bacteremia in HIV-1-infected patients with CAP presenting at the emergency department.

Genotypes coding for low serum levels of mannose-binding lectin are underrepresented among individuals suffering from noninfectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

Gene polymorphisms, giving rise to low serum levels of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) or MBL-associated protease 2 (MASP2), have been associated with an increased risk of infections. The objective of this study was to assess the outcome of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) regarding the existence of functionally relevant MBL2 and MASP2 gene polymorphisms. The study included 243 ICU patients with SIRS admitted to our hospital, as well as 104 healthy control subjects.

[Human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with community-acquired pneumonia: implication of respiratory viruses].

The role of respiratory viruses in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients has not been extensively investigated. The objective was to study the implication of respiratory viruses in HIV patients with CAP, through a prospective, three-year study in a third-level hospital. Respiratory viruses were implicated in 14 of the 67 cases of CAP diagnosed and were the only microorganism isolated in 8 of them.

Association between mannose-binding lectin deficiency and septic shock following acute pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli.

Structural and promoter MBL2 gene polymorphisms responsible for low MBL levels are associated with increased risk of infection. The objective of this study was to assess the possible association between polymorphisms of the MBL2 gene and the incidence of septic shock and bacteremia in patients with acute pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli. The study included 62 female patients with acute pyelonephritis due to E.